Metabolic Disorder in Dairy Cattle Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Metabolic Disorder in Dairy Cattle Deck (21)
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1
Q

The failure to adequately fuel the body during lactation can lead to…

A

Fatty liver and ketosis

2
Q

Early lactation is associated with…

A

Displacement of the abomasum and rumen acidosis

3
Q

What is the transition period?

A

Last 3 weeks of gestation through first 3 weeks of lactation

4
Q

Low dry matter intake pre-calving can lead to…

A

Mastitis, impaired liver function, and displaced abomasum

5
Q

What causes milk fever?

A

Acute deficiency of blood calcium post calving

6
Q

Decreased serum calcium leads to…

A

Decrease muscle activity and increased risks for abomasum displacement and retained placenta

7
Q

What are two factors that impair the PTH signaling pathway responsible for milk fever

A

High potassium diets and low magnesium

8
Q

Why should calcium be administer slowly

A

It is cardiotoxic

9
Q

High potassium in the rumen affects…

A

Mg absorption

10
Q

What cows are more affected by ketosis?

A

Those who are over conditioned in the dry period

11
Q

What causes fatty liver in ketosis?

A

When there is decreased feed intake, there is increased blood NEFAs which move to the liver, the liver cannot metabolize all the FAs so it results in ketone body and lipid accumulation

12
Q

What are two ways to measure ketone levels and which is best?

A

Urine and milk, milk is best

13
Q

How do you treat ketosis?

A

Restore blood glucose levels and reduce fat breakdown

14
Q

Abomasal atony

A

Hypocalcemia, lower ruminal fill, endotoxins, excessive concentrate causing acidosis

15
Q

What is ruminal acidosis

A

Associated with over-ingestion of rapidly fermentable concentrate feed

16
Q

Increased fermentable feed leads to increase production of ___ and ___

A

Lactic acid and volatile fatty acids

17
Q

What organism is responsible for the breakdown of fermentable food to lactic acid

A

Streptococcus bovis

18
Q

Mastitis is…

A

Inflammation of the udder

19
Q

What are two types of mastitis?

A

Contagious and environmental

20
Q

What causes chronic mastitis?

A

Often staphylococcus aureus

21
Q

What makes up the somatic cell count in normal milk

A

75% leukocytes and 25% epithelial cells