Metabolic Regulation

Question 1

What are the 5 primary functions of insulin?

Answer 1

1. glucose utilization (glycolysis)
2. glucose storage (glycogenesis)
3. fat synthesis (lipogenesis)
4. protein synthesis
5. glucose uptake in tissues

Question 2

What are the 4 primary functions of glucagon

Answer 2

1. new glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis)
2. glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis)
3. fat breakdown (lipolysis)
4. protein breakdown
5. forming ketone bodies (ketogenesis)

Question 3

what type of diabetes is diabetic ketoacidosis related to?

Answer 3

type 1

Question 4

What clinical symptom is common in type two diabetes?

Answer 4

hyperosmolar hyperglycemia state –> total body dehydration

Question 5

What causes hyperosmolar hyperglycemia related dehydration?

Answer 5

High blood glucose –> water leaves the body’s cells and enters the blood vessels to balance it out –> cells become dehydrated –> increased urination to counter increase in blood volume

Question 6

does ketoacidosis usually occur with type 1 diabetes?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

What is HbA1C?

Answer 7

glycated hemoglobin –> the amount of hgb with glucose stuck to it