Metabolism lecutre 3 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Name the glucose formation from non-carbohydrate sources & important during carbohydrate deficiency :
Gluconeogensis
Gluconeogensis sources :
Lactase, Glycerol, Glucogenic amino acids (Alanine,Aspartate,Glutamate)
What are the 3 reactions of Glucogenic amino acids :
Alanine -> Pyruvate -> Glucose
Aspartate -> Oxaloacetate -> Glucose
Glutamate -> α ketoglutarate -> Oxaloacetate -> Glucose
Gluconeogensis site :
Cytosol of liver cells & Mitochondria of kidney cells
Insulin decreases the activity of gluconeogensis key enzymes so, what increases its key enzymes ? :
Anti-insulin hormones (Cortisol, Glucagon, Adrenaline, GH)
Name the hypoglycemic hormone that stimulates gluconeogensis :
Insulin
What is reverse of Glycolysis :
Gluconeogensis
Core protein of glycogen :
Glycogenin
Which cells contain Glycogenin & Glycogen primer :
Liver & Muscle
Glycogen synthase transfers glucose from :
UDP-glucose
Name the 2 enzymes are involved in glycogenesis :
Synthase & Branching
Name the 3 enzymes are involved in glycogenolysis :
Phosphorylase, Debranching, Transfer
Active form of glycogen synthase :
Dephosphorylated (Synthase I)
In-Active form of glycogen synthase :
Phosphorylated (Synthase D)
Active synthase I is converted to inactive synthase D by phosphorylation by enzyme called :
Protein kinase
Protein kinase activates :
Phosphorylase
Which enzyme is present in liver not in muscle :
Glucose 6 phosphate
Protein kinase is activated by :
Cyclic AMP
What keeps protein kinase inactive ?
insulin
Lipogenesis is the formation of triglycerides from carbohydrates (stimulated by insulin) & takes place in :
Liver & Adipose tissue
