Metabolism-Protein Flashcards
(22 cards)
What % of solids of body are proteins
75
Building block of proteins
AA
How are peptide chains lengthened?
Amine group of one AA and carboxylic group of other AA interact together
How are AA transported through cells?
Active transport or facilitated diffusion via carrier mechanism
How are AA stored in cell
As proteins
How can proteins be decomposed?
intracellular lysosomal digestive enzymes
What happens to xs AA?
Degraded into other products and utilized for E or converted to fat or glycogen and stored.
Major types of proteins and fxn
Albumin-osmotic pressure
Globulin-immunity
Fibrinogen-blood coagulation
Where do plasma proteins form?
Liver
How must essential AA be supplied
diet
How is pyruvic acid changed to alanine?
Transamination rxn
-Move amine group to another compound via transaminase
Deamination
Removal of amino group
How can proteins be used for energy?
1-Deamination
2-alpha-keto acid enters CAC
3-Ammonia converted to urea
T/F There is obligatory degradation of proteins
T
20-30 g protein day is lost
Urea formation prevents
Ammonia byproduct from building up
In order for urea to form what must be present
CO2
What does growth hormone increase?
Rate of synthesis of cellular protein causing tissue proteins to increase.
What effect does insulin have on AA?
Accelerates transport of AA into cells to make proteins
What effect does glucocorticoids have on proteins?
Decreases quantity of proteins in most tissues and increases the AA concentration in plasma
What effect does testosterone have on proteins?
Increases deposition of protein in tissue throughout the body, especially muscles
What effect does estrogen have on proteins?
Slight deposition of protein
What effect does thyroxin have on proteins?
Increases rate of metabolism in all cells and indirectly affects protein metabolism
