Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

(76 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What do metals form?

A

a giant metallic lattice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a metallic lattice?

A

electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the properties of metals?

A

good conductors of electricity and heat
high mp/bp
malleable
sonorous
shiny
high density
ductile -> can be made into wires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why are metals strong?

A

due to strong electrostatic between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons which is strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do metals have a high melting point?

A

due to strong electrostatic between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons require lots of energy to overcome
higher charge = higher mp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why do metals conduct when solid and molten?

A

delocalised electron are free to move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why are metals malleable?

A

rows of ions can slide over each other and delocalised electrons can move to hold the structure together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are group 1 called?

A

alkali metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the physical properties of group 1?

A

high melting point
grey
shiny
hard
good thermal and electrical conductor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are metals stored?

A

In oil to stop it reacting with oxygen and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain the trend in reactivity down group 1

A
  • All group 1 need to lose 1 electron
  • down the group = more shells
  • outer electrons further away from
  • nucleus therefore weaker
    attraction
  • easier to remove the electron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Physical observations of lithium

A

low density
dark grey
soft metal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Physical observations of sodium

A

high density
lighter grey
softer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Physical observations of potassium

A

very soft
lighter grey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Physical observations of rubidium

A

lighter grey than K
softer than k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Physical observations of caesium

A

lighter grey than rubidium
softer than rubidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Observations of lithium with oxygen

A

shiny surface dulls quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Observations of sodium with oxygen

A

shiny surface dulls quicker than lithium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Observations of potassium with oxygen

A

shiny surface disappears quicker Na

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Observations of rubidium with oxygen

A

shiny surface disappears quicker than k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Observations of caesium with oxygen

A

shiny surface disappears quicker than rubidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Observations of lithium with water

A

moves around, fizzing, metal disappears, gas given off, alkali produced as UI turns blue/purple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Observations of sodium with water

A

moves around more than lithium, fizzing, turns into sphere than disappears, more gas given off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Observations of potassium with water

A

fizzes very quickly, caught fire, more gas given off, flame is lilac, pop given off - hydrogen react with O₂

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Observations of rubidium with water
ignites as soon as hits water, more gas given off, hydrogen reacts - flames given off
26
lithium + water -> ?
hydrogen + lithium hydroxide lithium disappears hydrogen causes bubbles
27
Formula for carbonate ions?
CO₃⁻²
28
What is decomposition?
breaking something down
29
What is thermal decomposition?
breaking something down using heat
30
What is the formula for thermal decomposition of metal carbonates?
metal carbonate -> metal oxide + carbon dioxide
31
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
bubble through limewater turns cloudy
32
What colour is copper carbonate?
green
33
What colour is copper oxide?
black
34
formula for thermal decomposition of copper carbonate?
copper carbonate -> copper oxide + carbon dioxide
35
Describe Mg(s)
solid, shiny, silver
36
Describe Fe(s)
grey, solid, dull
37
Describe Cu(s)
solid, brown, shiny
38
Describe MgSO₄
aqueous
39
Describe FeSO₄(aq)
green clear solution
40
Describe CuSO₄(aq)
blue clear solution
41
MgSO₄ reacting with Fe and Cu?
no reaction
42
FeSO₄ reacting with Mg and Cu?
Mg = gas, Mg moved, grey solid produced Cu = no reaction
43
CuSO₄ reacting with Mg and Fe?
Mg = gas, black solid produced Fe = iron turned black
44
Why is Mg most reactive out of Mg, Fe, Cu?
Mg reacted with everything other than itself
45
Why is Cu least reactive out of Mg, Fe, Cu?
Cu reacted with nothing
46
What is the reactivity series?
Please Stop Literally Calling Me A Careless Zebra, Can Instead Now Try Learning How Copper Maybe Saves Gold Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Carbon, Zinc, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Tin, Lead, Hydrogen, Copper,Mercury, Silver, Gold
47
What is a spectator ion?
plays no part in chemistry
48
What is a redox reaction?
Both reduction and oxidation has occurred
49
What is an oxidising agent?
Helps something to be oxidised
50
What is a reducing agent?
Helps something to be reduced
51
Where do metals come from?
the ground
52
What is an ore?
Rock containing a metal compound
53
How do we extract the most reactive metals? (K, Na, Li, Ca, Mg, Al)
electrolysis = breaking down a compound using electricity
54
How do we extract the middle metals? (Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pb, Cu)
Displacement using carbon carbon is more reactive, cheap + easily available
55
How do we extract Mercury and Silver?
don't require extraction, but may need purifying
56
How do we extract native metals (Gold, platinum)
not found as ores require no extraction
57
Practical: Extracting iron Describe
Add iron(III) oxide and carbon to crucible Weigh Heat strongly (no lid, 5 mins) Reweigh after cool Use splint and magnet to find iron produced
58
Practical: Extracting iron Why did mass decrease?
one of the products (CO₂) is a gas therefore can escape
59
What is rust?
Hydrated iron(III) oxide
60
Explain the first stage of rusting
Oxidation of Iron 4Fe + 3O₂ -> 2Fe₂O₃
61
Explain the second stage of rusting
hydration of iron (III) oxide Fe₂O₃ + XH₂O -> Fe₂O₃ * XH₂O X: amount of water varies
62
Rusting is a chemical process by which...
Iron is oxidised and hydrated
63
What two substances does rusting require to occur?
water and oxygen
64
What are the three methods to prevent rusting?
Barrier, Sacrificial protection, Galvanising
65
What is the barrier method?
Coating Fe in plastic, oil, or paint + easy - has to be replaced
66
What is sacrificial protection?
add a block of more reactive metal iron displaced as soon as any rust forms + easy method, very effective - Mg needs to be replaced therefore expensive
67
What is galvanising?
Specifically coating Fe in Zinc Prevents O₂/H₂O reacting with iron Zinc can act as sacrificial metal if crack occurs e.g. iron bucket nails ships
68
What are alloys?
mixtures of metals with one or more other elements - usually other metals or carbon
69
What are the commonly known alloys?
Steel: iron + carbon Brass: copper + zinc Bronze: copper + tin
70
Why are alloys harder / less malleable?
Presence of another metal makes it harder for rows to slide
71
Why are different metals and alloys used for different purposes?
Material must be suited to its use
72
What is iron used for? Why?
making steel steel is more useful than iron
73
What is low-carbon steel used for? Why?
ships, cars, bridges strong, still malleable
74
What is stainless steel used for? Why?
cutlery + cooking utensils high mp & strong shiny & prevent corrosion
75
What is copper used for? Why?
electrical wiring, water pipes, cooking pots excellent conductors of electricity, unreactive to oxygen + water flexible
76
What is Aluminium used for? Why?
foil, aircraft bodies, drinks cans malleable, light, fairly unreactive

Chemistry (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions