Methods of Manufacturing Flashcards
What are the methods are manufacturing?
Job production
Batch production
Mass/flow production
Process production
What is job production?
One single item is made at a time and is often produced/tailored to the customer’s individual specifications/requirements
Examples of job production?
Cakes, wedding dresses, tailored suits, moon-pig cards
Advantages of job production?
Job satisfaction is high for the worker
Quality of the goods is very high
Design is flexible and can be changed
Disadvantages of job production
The product is more expensive than if mass produced
The work is more time consuming as it’s more labour intensive
What is Batch production?
This is when several of the same product are made at one time
Examples of batch production
Newspapers, bread, buns, clothing, books
Advantages of batch production?
Labour costs reduced so final price is lower
Machinery may be used for making the products
Variety of products are available
Disadvantages of batch production
The work is less interesting than in job production as it is repetitive
More space is required for working
Machines may have to be re-set which wastes time
What is flow production?
One product is made continuously in large numbers. This sometimes known as mass production
Examples of flow production
Motor vehicles, TV’s, toys, chocolate
Advantages of flow production
The final product is inexpensive
Large quantities can be manufactured
The quality of the product is standardised
Production is fast
Disadvantages of flow production?
The work is less interesting as it is repetitive and boring
Products are all identical
There is a loss of traditional skills
What is process production
The manufacturing of process products which cannot be disassembled
Advantages of process production
It ensures manufacturing consistency with its clear and detailed formula
Quality is higher
It’s a more capital-intensive production method, therefore wage costs are lower
Disadvantages of process production
A mistake made may not be spotted until the end of the production process.
May require more machinery which increases cost of production
What is specialisation?
This occurs when an employee concentrates on one particular operation-task and does it all the time
What are the types of specialisation
Product
Process
Function
Country
Advantages of specialisation
People can work constantly at jobs which suit their special skills or training.
The finished product should be of higher quality because of this expertise.
What is division of labour?
The manufacture of the product is divided up into a number of small stages and each employee is given a single task which may be very narrow
Advantages of division of labour
Each worker becomes very practised at one particular task.
Training costs are reduced as workers only have to be trained for one small task
Disadvantages of division of labour?
The work can be very monotonous and boring.
Bored work can cause more accidents.
It’s difficult for workers to have pride in their work since they don’t see the finished product.
What is CAM?
It’s the process of using specialised computers to control, monitor and adjust the tools and machinery used in manufacturing
Advantages of the impact of technology on production
Improved quality of the finished product.
The development of new products.
Increased production levels.
Higher profit levels
