Mevalonate 1

Question 1

Modified terpenes where oxygen is added and methyl groups were moved or removed

Answer 1

Terpenoids

Question 2

Units arising from acetate via mevalonic acid;

Branched chain 5-C units with 2 unsat. bonds

Answer 2

Isoprene

Question 3

Other name for isoprene

Answer 3

2-methyl-1,3-butadiene

Question 4

Class with 1 isoprene unit

Answer 4

Hemiterpene

Question 5

Class with 2 isoprene units

Answer 5

Monoterpenes

Question 6

Class with 3 isoprene units

Answer 6

Sesquiterpenes

Question 7

Class with 4 isoprene units

Answer 7

Diterpenes

Question 8

Class with 5 isoprene units

Answer 8

Sesterterpenes

Question 9

Class with 6 isoprene units

Answer 9

Triterpenes

Question 10

Class with 8 isoprene units

Answer 10

Tetraterpenes

Question 11

Decomposition products from various natural cyclic hydrocarbons

Answer 11

Isoprene

Question 12

2 biochemically active isoprene units

Answer 12

Dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAP)
Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP)

Question 13

Pathways in isoprene biosynthesis

Answer 13

Mevalonate

Methylerythritol phosphate

Question 14

Hemiterpene intermediates for more complex terpenoids

Answer 14

DMAPP

Question 15

Alkylating agent for meroterpenoids formation

Answer 15

DMAPP

Question 16

Used as flavouring agents in pharmaceutical, confectionery, and perfume products

Answer 16

Monoterpenes

Question 17

Used in liniments against rheumatic pain

Answer 17

Camphor

Question 18

Used in ointments and liniments as a remedy against itching

Answer 18

Menthol

Question 19

Used as an aromatic bitter tonic and as a remedy for poor apetite

Answer 19

Bitter-orange peel

Question 20

Used in bactericidal preparations

Answer 20

Thymol and carvacrol

Question 21

Isomers of geranyl PP

Answer 21

Linalyl PP

Neryl PP

Question 22

It undergoes ionization that permits change of attachment of diphosphate group and change in the stereochemistry

Answer 22

Geranyl PP

Question 23

Monoterpenes in structural form

Answer 23

Acyclic
Monocyclic
Bicyclic

Question 24

Monoterpenes classified by their functional groups

Answer 24

Simple hydrocarbons
Alcohols
Ketones
Aldehydes
Acids
Phenols

Question 25

Used for cyclic monoterpene biosynthesis

Answer 25

Linallyl PP and neryl PP

Question 26

3 acyclic monoterpenes

Answer 26

Hydrocarbons Aldehydes Alcohols

Question 27

Hydrocarbons (acyclic monoterpene)

Answer 27

ß- myrcene | (+)-alpha-phellandrene

Question 28

Derived from linallyl PP or neryl PP

Answer 28

Monocyclic monoterpenes

Question 29

Fates of menthyl/a-terpinyl cation monocyclic monoterpene

Answer 29

Quenching with nucleophiles, water Loss of a proton Cyclization Wagner-Meerwein (1,3-hydride shift) rearrangement

Question 30

Fates of menthyl/a-terpinyl cation bicyclic monoterpenes

Answer 30

Folding the cationic side-chain of menthyl cation towards the double bond w/ an aid of an enzyme Loss of proton and formation of cyclopropane ring Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement (1,2-hydride shift)

Question 31

Types of bicyclic monoterpenes

Answer 31

``` Pinane Camphane/bornane Fenchane Isocamphane Carane Thujane ```

Question 32

Terpenoids derived fom C5 units that do not link in a regular head-to-tail coupling mechanism

Answer 32

Irregular monoterpenes

Question 33

Family where irregular monoterpenes are limited to

Answer 33

Asteraceae

Question 34

2 irregular monoterpenes

Answer 34

Chrysanthemic acid | Pyrethric acid

Question 35

Irregular monoterpene derived from DMAPP and IPP

Answer 35

Pyrethric acid

Question 36

Cyclopropane structures from 2 isoprene units

Answer 36

Chrysanthemic acid

Question 37

Found in nature as an ester such as pyrethrins, cinerins, and jasmolins

Answer 37

Pyrethric acid

Question 38

Pyrethric acid is the insecticidal component of pyrethrum flowers, the flower heads of _______ _______ (Fam. _____)

Answer 38

Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (Fam. Asteraceae)

Question 39

Monoterpenoids with iridane skeleton which contains a cyclopentane ring fused to a six-membered oxygen heterocycle

Answer 39

Iridoids

Question 40

Powerful attractant and stimulants for cats

Answer 40

Nepetalactone

Question 41

Source of nepetalactone

Answer 41

Catmint, Nepeta cataria (Fam. Lamiaceae)

Question 42

Key intermediate in the biosynthesis of other iridoid structures, terpenoid indole alkaloids, and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids

Answer 42

Loganin

Question 43

Representative of secoiridoids

Answer 43

Secologanin

Question 44

A secoiridoid contributing to the bitter taste of the Gentian root herbal drug

Answer 44

Gentiopicroside

Question 45

Source of gentiopicroside

Answer 45

Gentian root, Gentiana lutea (Fam. Gentianaceae)

Question 46

Epoxyiridoid ester with sedative activity of the crude drug

Answer 46

Valtrate

Question 47

Source of valtrate

Answer 47

Valeriana officinalis (Fam. Valerianaceae)

Question 48

General term for natural products whose structures may be divided into isoprene units

Answer 48

Terpenes

Question 49

Aldehydes (acyclic monoterpenes)

Answer 49

Geranial (Z-citral) Citronellal Neral (E-citral)

Question 50

Alcohols (acyclic monoterpenes)

Answer 50

Citronellol Geraniol Linalool Nerol