Micro 16 (FINAL)

Question 1

Chemicals that are changed by chemical reactions are called _____

Answer 1

Reactants

Question 2

The _____ are the chemicals into which the chemicals will be changed.

Answer 2

products

Question 3

_____ is the breakdown of large chemicals into smaller ones that _____ energy.

Answer 3

Catabolism….. release

Question 4

_____ is the build-up of larger molecules from smaller ones that _____ energy.

Answer 4

anabolism ….. store

Question 5

An _____ is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions.

Answer 5

enzyme

Question 6

_____ _____ is the amount of additional heat or light that must be provided to a chemical reaction that allows enough energy so the reactants can meet.

Answer 6

activation energy

Question 7

The chemical bonds that hold amino acids together are called _____

Answer 7

peptide

Question 8

_____ are longs strings of sugar molecules that are held together by ____ bonds.

Answer 8

carbohydrates….. gylcoside

Question 9

All biochemical reactions require _____ and _____

Answer 9

H2O and enzymes

Question 10

The enzyme functions to _____ the activation energy for a biochemical reaction to occur faster.

Answer 10

lower

Question 11

In order for bacteria to be able to extract glucose from carbohydrates, they must have the ability to produce _____/_____

Answer 11

amylace/carbase

Question 12

_____ removes amino groups from proteins, destroying their function.

Answer 12

deaminase

Question 13

_____ is the only nutrients that bacteria can use.

Answer 13

Glucose

Question 14

A _____ in a non-protein substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.

Answer 14

catalyst

Question 15

_____ is a non-nutrient for most bacteria.

Answer 15

water

Question 16

The goal of metabolism is to convert nutrients into _____/ATP

Answer 16

ADP

Question 17

Gylcolysis Embden-Myerhoff cycle:
Does not require _____ (anaerobic)
Produces _____ on its own
Occurs in the _____

Answer 17

oxygen
pyruvate
cytoplasm

Question 18

Krebs cycle/Citric acid cycle:
Occurs in the _____
Produces _____, _____, _____ & _____

Answer 18

NADH, FADH, ATP, CO2

Question 19

In the electron transport system, each NADH2, yields ___ ATP and each FADH2 yields __ ATP

Answer 19

3, 2

Question 20

One glucose molecule yields ___ pyruvate after gylcolysis.

Answer 20

2

Question 21

If o2 is not present, then fermentation occurs and _____ _____ is produced.

Answer 21

ethyl alchohal

Question 22

Identify the corresponding enzymes needed to breakdown the nutrient:
Maltose \_\_\_\_\_
Sucrose \_\_\_\_\_
lactase \_\_\_\_\_
fructose \_\_\_\_\_
ribose\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 22

Maltose: Maltase
Sucrose: Sucrase
Lactose: Lactase
Fructose: Fructase
Ribose: Ribase

Question 23

NADH stands for ______ and FADH stands for_____

Answer 23

Nicotine Adenine Dinucleotide

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide

Question 24

In the Electron Transport System, for every NADH, _____ ATP are formed and for every FADH _____ ATP are formed

Answer 24

3, 2