Micro 4 (Test 1)

Question 1

Bacterial DNA is…

Answer 1

double stranded and circular

Question 2

The _____ is the current location of the bacterial DNA

Answer 2

nucleoid

Question 3

_____ are broken bits of DNA separate from the nucleoid and float through the protoplasm of a bacterial cell.

Answer 3

plasmids

Question 4

Bubbles (not membrane bound) of nitrogen and carbon dioxide that float through the protoplasm are referred to as _____ _____.

Answer 4

gas vacuoles

Question 5

_____ combines with mRNA to synthesize proteins.

Answer 5

ribosomes

Question 6

Ribosomes are not considered organelles because they are not _____ bound.

Answer 6

membrane

Question 7

_____ are large floating masses of nutrients or waste products in the protoplasm.

Answer 7

inclusion bodies

Question 8

Groups of three or more ribosomes are called _____

Answer 8

polysomes

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE: A cell wall is not alive but is needed for reproduction.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

An incomplete destruction of the cell wall is called _____

Answer 10

protoplast

Question 11

A _____ culture contains only one species of bacteria.

Answer 11

pure

Question 12

_____ is a very strong binding chemical found in spores that allows them to survive harsh conditions.

Answer 12

diplionic acid

Question 13

A _____ culture contains one or more unintentional species of bacteria

Answer 13

contaminated

Question 14

A _____ culture is the presence of two or more intentionally added species of bacteria

Answer 14

mixed

Question 15

_____ is the process through which the cytoplasm breaks through the cell membrane and the cell then dies

Answer 15

lysis

Question 16

_____ spores are found at either end of a bacterium

Answer 16

terminal

Question 17

_____ spores are found in the exact middle of a cell

Answer 17

central

Question 18

_____ spores are located any place between the very end and the exact middle of a cell.

Answer 18

subterminal

Question 19

TRUE OR FALSE: Bleach, iodine, and alcohol can destroy a spore

Answer 19

FALSE (burning destroys spores)

Question 20

What two types of bacteria have the ability to produce spores?

Answer 20

gram (+) bascilli and sparilli

Question 21

The cell wall is made of a sugar of carbohydrates called _____

Answer 21

glycocolyx

Question 22

The molecules that hold together the glycocolyx of the cell wall are _____, _____, and _____

Answer 22

teichoir acid, muramic acid, diaminopimelic acid

Question 23

TRUE OR FALSE: Bacteria needs to be stained in order to be visible

Answer 23

TRUE

Question 24

The incubation temperature at which they grow best is ____ degrees

Answer 24

37

Question 25

A bacterial culture on a microscope slide that has been heat fixed is called a

Answer 25

smear

Question 26

Material upon which bacteria grow and extract nutrients is called a

Answer 26

culture medium

Question 27

Place in the correct sequential order the steps of staining bacteria:
a) microscopic examination b) production of a smear c) application of a dye

Answer 27

1. Production of a smear
2. Application of a dye
3. Microscopic examination

Question 28

The application of only one dye to a smear for a single color contrast testing for: the presence of bacteria, bacterial morphology, reproductive pattern

Answer 28

simple stain

Question 29

The application of two or more dyes to the smaple in order to distinguish different classes/categories of bacteria

Answer 29

differential stains

Question 30

The application of a combination of special dyes, in special ways to order to accent a particular item on/in a cell

Answer 30

specialized stain