micro unit 3 Flashcards
(117 cards)
1
Q
• Giardia lamblia** what specimen
A
stool
2
Q
• Giardia lamblia*** how is spread
A
ingestion of cyst through contaminated food or drink. intimate conact
3
Q
• Giardia lamblia *** staining
A
Trichrome
iodine stain
4
Q
• Giardia lamblia *** vector and resevoir
A
beaver,pig ,monkey
5
Q
Giardia lamblia *** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
A
protozoa
6
Q
Giardia lamblia *** disease it casues
A
?????
7
Q
• Entamoeba histolytica*** what type of specimen and what is present on the specimen
A
feces and you see troprozpites and cyst
8
Q
Entamoeba histolytica*** how its spread
A
ingestion of cyst on fecally contaminated food and hands
9
Q
Entamoeba histolytica*** casuses which disease
A
amebic dysentry
may cause liver disease
10
Q
Entamoeba histolytica*** staining
A
trcihrome
11
Q
Entamoeba histolytica*** vector and resrviors
A
ingestion of mature cycst
12
Q
Entamoeba histolytica*** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
A
protozoa
13
Q
• Trichuris trichuria*** is detected by which test
A
O&P,
ELISA,
FA,
IFA stain
14
Q
• Trichuris trichuria*** specimen and what is seen in the specimen
A
feces
presence of eggs in the specimens
15
Q
• Trichuris trichuria*** staining
A
iodine wet mount
16
Q
• Trichuris trichuria*** how is it transmitted
A
ingestion of embroynated egg found is soil
17
Q
• Trichuris trichuria*** vectors and reserviors
A
soil
18
Q
• Trichuris trichuria*** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
A
Nematodes
19
Q
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** specimen and what is seen in the specimen
A
BLOOD,lymph node aspirate chagoma
Blood we see trypomastigote
Tissue amstigote
20
Q
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
A
protozoa
21
Q
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** symptoms
A
neurological disorders ,
megacolon
megasophagus
damage to the heart muscle
22
Q
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** disease
A
Chagas disease
23
Q
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** staining
A
blood smear
24
Q
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** vector
A
reduviid bug(tsetse fly)
25
• Trypanasoma cruzi*** reservoirs
dogs, cats and wild rodents
26
• Plasmodium malariae specimen
blood
27
• Plasmodium malariae stain
Giemsa stained blood smear
28
•How is Plasmodium malariae trasmitted
female anopheline mosquito
through transfusion
transplacentally
29
Plasmodium malariae vector
female anopheline mosquito
30
Plasmodium malariae is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
protozoa
31
• Cryptosporidium parvae** specimen what is seen in the specimen
feces
| sporotozoites visible within oocyst wall
32
Cryptosporidium parvae** stain
modified acid fast
33
Cryptosporidium parvae** vector and reservoir and how its transmitted
ingestion of contaminated food and water
reservoir humans and animals
found in gastrointestinal tract of many animals
34
Cryptosporidium parvae** disease
epidemics of diarrhea
35
• Cryptosporidium parvae** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
Protozo
36
Plasmodium malariae disease
malaria
37
• Taenia species specimen and what is seen in the specimen
stool from perianal area
| diagnosis of eggs or proglottids
38
• Taenia species vector
pigs and cows
39
• How is Taenia species transmitted
by ingestion ofl larvae found in under cooked beef or pork
40
• Taenia species disease
abdominal discomfort
epigastric pain
vomiting
diarrhea
41
• Taenia species stain
?????
42
• Taenia species is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
cestodes
43
• Ascaris lumbricoides ** stain
iodine wet mount
44
• Ascaris lumbricoides ** transmitted
food or soil ingestion contaminated with infective eggs
| man to man
45
• Ascaris lumbricoides ** what is the specimen and is diagnosed by
stool
| eggs(ova) in stool
46
• Ascaris lumbricoides ** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
Nematodes
47
• Diphylobothrum latum** stain
iodine wet mount
48
• Diphylobothrum latum** transmitted by
eating raw or undercooked fresh water fish
49
• Diphylobothrum latum** also know as
fish tape worm
50
• Diphylobothrum latum** specimen and its diagnosed by
specimen stool
| diagnosed by presence of eggs and empty proglottids in feces
51
• Diphylobothrum latum** symptoms
```
abdominal discomfort
loss of weight
loss of appetite
some malnutrition
anemia and neurogical problem
vitamin B12 deficiency
```
52
• Diphylobothrum latum** is which one of the folowing Nematodes, Cestodes, Trematodes or Protozoa
cestodes
53
CMV (Cytomegalovirus )disease
systematic infection
54
CMV (Cytomegalovirus )specimen
blood
55
CMV (Cytomegalovirus ) test
cell culture, shell vial culture,FA stain, PCR
56
CMV (Cytomegalovirus ) transmission
oral/ respiratory route
57
CMV (Cytomegalovirus ) DNA or RNA
DNA
58
RSV(Respiratory Syncytial virus ) disease
pneumonia
croup
upper respiratory
59
RSV(Respiratory Syncytial virus ) specimen
????
60
Transmission of RSV(Respiratory Syncytial virus )
person to person
61
RSV(Respiratory Syncytial virus ) testing
FA stain,
cell culture,
shell vial culture
62
RSV(Respiratory Syncytial virus ) RNA or DNA
RNA
63
Influenza A disease
influenza
pneumonia
H1N1 , H1N2, H3N2 viruses
64
influenza A specimen
??????
65
influenza A test
EIA enzyme immunoassay
| FA stain florescent anibody stain
66
influenza A vector
wild birds, swine
67
influenza A transmission
contact with respiratory secretions
68
Influenza RNA or DNA
RNA
69
what are the two types of Varicella Zoster viruses diseases
```
varicella = chicken pox
Zoster = shingles
```
70
Varicella(chicken pox) infection
infection occurs vi respiratory tract or conjunctiva
71
after multiplication where does the virusoVaricella(chicken pox) spread to
blood steam
| reticuloendothelial system
72
Zoster shingles primary infection
virus persist in sensory ganglia of CNS
| can lead to blindnsess
73
Varicella Zoster viruses detection test
FA stain, PCR, cell culture
74
does Varicella Zoster viruses have a vaccine
yes
75
Varicella Zoster viruses transmission
close personal contact especially respiratory
76
Varicella Zoster viruses is it an RNA or DNA
DNA
77
Herpes simplex diseases
HSV-1
| HSV-2
78
HSV-1 is associated with
primarily associated with oral and ocular lesion increasing in genital lession
79
HSV-2 is associated with
primary associated with genital and anal lesions
80
Herpes simplex test detection
EIA
FA stain
PCR
81
Herpes simplex transmission
direct contact with infected transmission
82
Herpes simplex is it a DNA or RNA
DNA
83
Does herpes simplex have a vaccine
NO
84
what are the steps in viral replication
```
Attachment(absorption)
penetration
uncoating
synthesis(viral genome replication)
Maturation(assembly)
release
```
85
Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission
person to person with by inhalation of droplets nuclei(cough and sneeze)
86
Nocardia asteroides gram stain
branching gram pos rods
87
Nocardia asteroides growth requirements
30 -35 C
| 48 - 72 hrs
88
Nocardia asteroides media plates and colony appearance
Sab-dex
Mycosel
wrinkled chalky white-orange pigments
89
Nocardia asteroides specimen
sputum
90
Nocardia asteroides on modified acid fast stain
usually partially acid fast stains
91
Nocardia asteroides detection test
PCR(for rapid ID)
lysozymes
hydrolysis
92
Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission
spread person to by inhalation of droplets nuclei (cough and sneeze)
food ingestion
puncture wounds
93
Mycobacterium tuberculosis specimen
dry sputum
94
people at risk from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
prisoners, homeless persons, alcoholic, drug abuser, immigrants from area with high infestion rates
95
Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection test
PPD(purified protein derivatives)
| ELISA
96
Photochromogens
require light for pigment production
97
Scotochromogens
form pigments in both presence and absent of light
98
Nonphotochromogens
no pigments produced
| Mycobacterium avium complex
99
Rapid growers (Runyon)
growth in 3-5 days at 25 or 37 degrees
100
BCG vaccine
vaccine for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
only in developing countries
does not prevent infection on the disease
101
PPD
purified protein derivatives
| common test for past exposure
102
PPD procedure and how to read
inoculate PPD intradermally and examine for erythema after 48 hours
Erythema >5mm indicate previous exposure
103
MGIT
Mycobacterium growth indicator tube
liquid media system senses oxygen consumption
35 C high CO2
104
What is the difference between the growth on a liquid media and a solid media
in liquid media the growth is rapid
105
What is the primary stain for acid fast stain
carbolfuchsin red
106
what are the steps of staining in an acid fast stain
carbolfuschsin red
decolorizer(HCl, alcohol)
counterstain(methylene blue)
107
parasites that can only live in hosts are
obligate
108
Parasite that can live both in or on a host, as well as free form
facultative
109
parasite that live in the body are called
endoparasite
110
Feces must be free of what substances?
barium and antibiotics
111
What 3 steps are in an O&P exam?
wet mount
concentration
permanent smear
112
What is a direct wet mount
detects motile organisms in duodenal drainage, with saline or iodine
113
what are the chemicals that can be used to concentrate a specimen
formalin
ethyl ecetate sedimentation
zinc flotation method
with Saline or iodine
114
what are the permanent smears
trichrome and hemotoxylin
115
What is the E. histolyticac cyst resistant to?
the gastric environment
116
What is viral tropism?
a limited number of host a virus can affect
117
This virus causes bronchitis and pneumonia in infants and young children.
RSV(respiratory syncytial virus )
