Microbial overview

Question 1

1. Gram negative bact
2. Gram positive bact
3. Mycobacteria
4. Fungi
5. Mycoplasmas

Answer 1

1. LPS outer membrane
2. Peptidoglycan
3. Acid fast
4. Chitin and shit
5. No cell wall

Question 2

Gram pos cocci (4)

Answer 2

1. Enterococcus
2. Micrococcus
3. Staphylococcus
4. Streptococcus

Question 3

Gram pos rods (9)

Answer 3

1. Actinomycetes
2. Bacillus
3. Coryneform
4. Erysipelothrix
5. Listeria
6. Mycobacterium
7. Nocardia
8. Rhodococcus
9. Streptomyces

Question 4

Gram Negative Aerobic (13)

Answer 4

1. Actinobacillus
2. Bartonella
3. Bordetella
4. Brucella
5. Burkholderia
6. Enterobacteriaceae
7. Klebsiella
8. Moraxella
9. Pasteurella
10. Salmonella
11. Shigella
12. Vibrio
13. Yersinia

Question 5

Obligate intracellulars (5)

Answer 5

1. Chlamydia
2. Coxiella
3. Ehrlichia
4. Rickettsia
5. Ureaplasma

Question 6

Anaerobic (5)

Answer 6

1. Actinomyces (GP)
2. Bacteroides (GN)
3. Clostridium (GP)
4. Fusobacterium (GN)
5. Lactobacillus (GP)

Question 7

Adenoviridae

Answer 7

1. DNA, NE, DS, linear

2. Canine adenovirus - infectious canine hepatitis

Question 8

Herpesviridae

Answer 8

1. DNA, E, DS, linear
2. Canine herpes 1,2 (hemorrhagic dz pups)
3. Feline viral rhinotracheitis virus

Question 9

Parvoviridae

Answer 9

1. DNA, NE, SS, linear
2. canine parvo 2 (parvo)
3. feline panleuk (feline parvo)

Question 10

Poxviridae

Answer 10

1. DNA, E, DS, linear
2. Feline pox
3. Contagious ecthyma
4. Orf
5. FOREIGN ANIMAL DZ AGENTS/REPORTABLE

Question 11

Arenaviridae

Answer 11

1. RNA, E, SS, linear

2. Canine lymphocytic choriomeningitis

Question 12

Astroviridae

Answer 12

1. RNA, NE, SS, linear

2. Feline astrovirus (gastroenteritis)

Question 13

Bunyaviridae

Answer 13

1. RNA, E, SS, linear
2. Rift Valley fever (For An dz)
3. Hantavirus (Zoon)

Question 14

Caliciviridae

Answer 14

1. RNA, NE, SS, linear
2. Feline calicivirus (URT)
3. Canine calicivirus

Question 15

Paramyxoviridae

Answer 15

1. RNA, E, SS, linear
2. Canine distemper
3. Canine parainfluenza
4. FOR AN DZ
5. ZOON potential

Question 16

Retroviridae

Answer 16

1. RNA, E, 2 copies SS linear
2. Feline immunodeficiency (FIV)
3. Feline leukemia (FeLV)

Question 17

Coronaviridae

Answer 17

1. RNA, E, SS, linear
2. Caine coronavirus
3. Feline enteric coronavirus
4. Feline infectious peritonitis virus

Question 18

Rhadoviridae

Answer 18

1. RNA, E, SS, linear

2. RABIES

Question 19

Primary reasons for lab dx (3)

Answer 19

1. Making dz dx
2. Screening for infection
3. Certification that animal is dz free

Question 20

Viral diagnostics (6)

Answer 20

1. Isolation cell lines
2. Characteristic cellular pathology
3. Detection of v. antigen
4. Detection of viral specific RNA/DNA - PCR
5. Antibody response
6. ID on clinical material by EM

Question 21

Molecular diagnostics (4)

Answer 21

1. PCR: amplification of target sequence from DNA
2. RT-PCR: amplification of target sequence from RNA
3. qPCR/qRTPCR: amplification and quantification of target DNA
4. Pan16S/Microbiome: pathogen discovery (survey of all things, I think)

Question 22

Detection of Immune Response (4)

Answer 22

1. ELISA (enzyme linked immunoassay)
2. FA (Fluorescent antibody test)
3. CF (complement fixation)
4. HA (hemagglutination direct and indirect)

Question 23

Detection of lesions/microbes (3)

Answer 23

1. Histology/immunohistology
2. Molecular probes
3. Electron microscopy

Question 24

Serology (4)

Answer 24

1. Detects immune response
2. Current infection vs exposure
3. Acute vs chronic
4. Screening tool