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HARR > MICROBIO - Chapter 8.1 > Flashcards

MICROBIO - Chapter 8.1 Flashcards

1
Q

The aseptic collection of blood cultures requires that the skin be cleansed with:
A. 2% iodine and then 70% alcohol solution
B. 70% alcohol and then 2% iodine or an iodophor
C. 70% alcohol and then 95% alcohol
D. 95% alcohol only

A

B. 70% alcohol and then 2% iodine or an iodophor

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2
Q

When cleansing the skin with alcohol and then iodine for the collection of a blood culture, the iodine (or iodophor) should remain intact on the skin for at least:
A. 10 seconds
B. 30 seconds
C. 60 seconds
D. 5 minutes

A

C. 60 seconds

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3
Q

What is the purpose of adding 0.025% to 0.050% sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) to nutrient broth media for the collection of blood cultures?
A. It inhibits phagocytosis and complement
B. It promotes formation of a blood clot
C. It enhances growth of anaerobes
D. It functions as a preservative

A

A. It inhibits phagocytosis and complement

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4
Q

A flexible calcium alginate nasopharyngeal swab is the collection device of choice for recovery of which organism from the nasopharynx?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
D. Bacteroides fragilis

A

C. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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5
Q

Semisolid transport media, such as Amies, Stuart, or Cary-Blair, are suitable for the transport of swabs for culture of most pathogens except:
A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
B. Enterobacteriaceae
C. Campylobacter fetus
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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6
Q

Select the method of choice for recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a deep abscess.
A. Cotton fiber swab of the abscess area
B. Skin snip of the surface tissue
C. Needle aspirate after surface decontamination
D. Swab of the scalpel used for debridement

A

C. Needle aspirate after surface decontamination

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7
Q

Select the primary and differential media of choice for recovery of most fecal pathogens.
A. MacConkey, blood, birdseed, and Campylobacter (Campy) agars
B. Hektoen, MacConkey, MacConkey-Sorbitol, Campy blood, colistin–nalidixic acid (CNA) agars; Selenite-F broth (SEL)
C. CNA and Christensen urea agars and thioglycollate media
D. Blood, Campy, Mueller-Hinton agars, and thioglycollate media

A

B. Hektoen, MacConkey, MacConkey-Sorbitol, Campy blood, colistin–nalidixic acid (CNA) agars; Selenite-F broth (SEL)

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8
Q

Select the media of choice for recovery of Vibrio cholerae from a stool specimen.
A. MacConkey agar and thioglycollate media
B. Thiosulfate–citrate–bile–sucrose (TCBS) agar and alkaline peptone water (APW) broth
C. Blood agar and SEL broth
D. CNA agar

A

B. Thiosulfate–citrate–bile–sucrose (TCBS) agar and alkaline peptone water (APW) broth

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9
Q

CNA agar is used primarily for the recovery of:
A. Neisseria species
B. Enterobacteriaceae
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Staphylococcus aureus

A

D. Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q

In the United States, most blood agar plates are prepared with 5% or 10% red blood cells (RBCs) obtained from:
A. Sheep
B. Horses
C. Humans
D. Dogs

A

A. Sheep

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11
Q

All of the following are appropriate when attempting to isolate N. gonorrhoeae from a genital specimen except:
A. Transport the genital swab in charcoal transport medium
B. Plate the specimen directly on modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) medium
C. Plate the specimen directly on New York City or Martin-Lewis agar
D. Culture specimens in ambient oxygen at 37°C

A

D. Culture specimens in ambient oxygen at 37°C

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12
Q

Chocolate agar and MTM agar are used for the recovery of:
A. Haemophilus spp. and Neisseria spp., respectively
B. Haemophilus spp. and N. gonorrhoeae, respectively
C. Neisseria spp. and Streptococcus spp., respectively
D. Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp., respectively

A

B. Haemophilus spp. and N. gonorrhoeae, respectively

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13
Q

Cycloserine–cefoxitin–fructose agar (CCFA) is used for the recovery of:
A. Yersinia enterocolitica
B. Yersinia intermedia
C. Clostridium perfringens
D. Clostridium difficile

A

D. Clostridium difficile

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14
Q

Deoxycholate agar (DCA) is useful for the isolation of:
A. Enterobacteriaceae
B. Enterococcus spp.
C. Staphylococcus spp.
D. Neisseria spp.

A

A. Enterobacteriaceae

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15
Q

Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar is a highly selective medium used for the recovery of which bacteria?
A. Staphylococcus spp. from normal flora
B. Yersinia spp. that do not grow on Hektoen agar
C. Enterobacteriaceae from GI specimens
D. Streptococcus spp. from stool cultures

A

C. Enterobacteriaceae from gastrointestinal specimens

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16
Q

A sheep blood agar plate is used as a primary isolation medium when all of the following organisms are to be recovered from a wound specimen except:
A. β-Hemolytic streptococci and coagulase-positive staphylococci
B. Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae
C. Proteus spp. and Escherichia coli
D. Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp.

A

B. Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae

17
Q

Prereduced and vitamin K1 -supplemented blood agar plates are recommended isolation media for:
A. Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
B. Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, and Clostridium spp.
C. Proteus spp.
D. Enterococcus spp.

A

B. Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, and Clostridium spp.

18
Q

Which procedure(s) is (are) appropriate for the diagnosis of Chlamydia spp. infections when using genital specimens?
A. Obtain urethral, cervical swabs and urine specimens placed in transport media for the direct detection of antigen or nucleic acid and/or culture
B. Plate onto blood and chocolate agar
C. Inoculate into thioglycollate (THIO) broth
D. Plate onto MTM agar within 24 hours

A

A. Obtain urethral, cervical swabs and urine specimens placed in transport media for the direct detection of antigen or nucleic acid and/or culture

19
Q

Specimens for virus culture should be transported in media containing:
A. Antibiotics and 5% sheep blood
B. Saline and 5% sheep blood
C. 22% bovine albumin
D. Antibiotics and protein nutrient

A

D. Antibiotics and protein nutrient

20
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be cultured immediately, but if delayed, the specimen should be:
A. Refrigerated at 4°C to 6°C
B. Frozen at –20°C
C. Stored at room temperature for no longer than 24 hours
D. Incubated at 37°C and cultured as soon as possible

A

D. Incubated at 37°C and cultured as soon as possible

21
Q

The most sensitive method for the detection of β-lactamase in bacteria is by the use of:
A. Chromogenic cephalosporin
B. Penicillin
C. Oxidase
D. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

A

A. Chromogenic cephalosporin

22
Q

The breakpoint of an antimicrobial drug refers to:
A. The amount needed to cause bacteriostasis
B. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 µg/mL or greater
C. An MIC of 64 µg/mL or greater
D. The optimal therapeutic level of drug that is achievable in serum

A

D. The optimal therapeutic level of drug that is achievable in serum

23
Q

Which of the following variables may change the results of an MIC?
A. Inoculum size
B. Incubation time
C. Growth rate of the bacteria
D. All of these options

A

D. All of these options

24
Q

According to the Kirby-Bauer standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing method, what should be done when interpreting the zone size of a motile, swarming organism, such as a Proteus species?
A. The swarming area should be ignored
B. The results of the disk diffusion method are invalid
C. The swarming area should be measured as the growth boundary
D. The isolate should be retested after diluting to a 0.05 McFarland standard

A

A. The swarming area should be ignored

25
Q

Which class of antibiotics is used for the treatment of serious gram-negative infections as well as infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
A. Cephalosporins
B. Penicillins
C. Tetracyclines
D. Aminoglycosides

A

D. Aminoglycosides

26
Q

Select the medium best suited for the recovery of Y. enterocolitica from a patient with gastroenteritis.
A. Hektoen agar
B. Cefsulodin–irgasan–novobiocin (CIN) agar
C. Blood agar
D. Eosin methylene blue agar

A

B. Cefsulodin–irgasan–novobiocin (CIN) agar

27
Q

A suspected case of plague requires which of the following procedures to confirm Yersinia pestis?
A. Collection of multiple sets of blood culture specimens
B. Incubation of blood cultures at both 28°C and 35°C
C. Culture aspirates from bubos to MacConkey agar at room temperature
D. All of these option

A

D. All of these options

28
Q

SITUATION: Abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, and nausea prompted an older male to seek medical attention. A watery stool specimen producing no fecal leukocytes or erythrocytes was cultured, and it grew a predominance of gram-negative fermentative bacilli. The colonies were β-hemolytic on blood agar and cream colored on MacConkey agar. The colonies were both oxidase and catalase positive. What is the most likely identification?
A. Aeromonas hydrophilia
B. Escherichia coli
C. Salmonella spp.
D. Shigella spp.

A

A. Aeromonas hydrophilia

29
Q

SITUATION: Several attendees of a medical conference in the Gulf coast area became ill after frequenting a seafood restaurant. A presumptive identification of V. cholerae was made after stool specimens from several subjects grew clear colonies on MacConkey agar and yellow colonies on TCBS agar. Which key tests would help eliminate Aeromonas and Plesiomonas spp.?
A. Mannitol fermentation, Na+ requirement
B. Oxidase, motility
C. Oxidase, nitrate
D. Hemolysis on blood agar, catalase

A

A. Mannitol fermentation, Na+ requirement

30
Q

SITUATION: A group of elementary students became ill after eating undercooked ground beef prepared in the school cafeteria. The suspected pathogen, E. coli serotype 0157:H7, is usually recovered using which of the following media?
A. Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar
B. MacConkey agar
C. MacConkey agar with sorbitol
D. Hektoen agar

A

C. MacConkey agar with sorbitol

HARR (7 decks)

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