Microbiology 1 Flashcards by study.ante

Drug that causes bone marrow suppression (aplastic anemia) that targets 50S subunit

Chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

If a bacteria produces toxin, what is the confirmatory diagnosis (to demonstrate toxin)

Toxigenicity assay

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Encodes for methicillin (oxacillin) resistance

mecA gene

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fusiform/spindle shape with gliding motility

Capnocytophaga

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chemical communication within a biofilm

Quorum sensing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Has d-glutamic acid capsule (polypeptide)

Bacillus anthracis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Has polysaccharide capsule

H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Encapsulated bacteria/fungi

“Even Some4 Super Killers Have Pretty Nice2 Big Capsules”

E. coli
S. pneumoniae/pyogenes/agalactiae; Staph. aureus
Salmonella
Klebsiella pneumoniae
H. influenzae
P. aeruginosa
N. meningitidis/gonorrhoea
Bacteroides fragilis
C. neoformans
Yersinia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

All cocci are gram positive except

“No Boyfriend Muna para Virgin”

Gram neg cocci: Neisseria, Branhamella (Moraxella), Veilonella

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

All bacilli are gram negative except

“LBC CAN WELGA M”
Gram pos bacilli:

Listeria
Bacillus
Corynebacterium

Clostridium
Actinomyces
Nocardia

Weissella
Erysipelothrix
Lactobacillus
Gardnerella
Arcanobacterium

Mycobacterium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Gram positive bacilli
Catalase (+) “LBC”
Catalase (-) “LAGE”

Cat (+) Listeria, Bacillus, Corynebacterium
Cat (-) Lactobacillus, Arcanobacterium, Gardnerella vaginalis, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Genera with MYCOLIC ACID in cell well

“MyCoRho TsuGorNo”

Mycobacterium
Corynebacterium
Rhodococcus
Tsukamurella
Gordonia
Nocardia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Leg1onella gram stain counterstain

0.1% basic fuchsin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bordetella per2sis gram stain counterstain

0.2% basic fuchsin (or safranin for 2 minutes)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bipolar bodies

“bipolar si BAY”

Burkholderia pseudomallei
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Yersinia pestis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Y. pestis bipolar bodies stain

Wayson stain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Endospore composition

Calcium dipicolinate/Dipicolinic acid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stains for spores

Schaeffer-Fulton
Domer’s
Wirtz & Conklin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stains for metachromatic granules (C. diph)

“LAMB Burke”
Loeffler’s Alkaline Methylene Blue
Burke’s modification of Gram stain
Albert’s
Neisser’s
Ljubinksy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Unique about Spirochetaceae

Motile without “true” flagella

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stains for flagella

Leifson
Gray
Fisher & Conn

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Motility inhibited at 37C

Listeria, Yersinia enterocolitica

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tumbling motility (amphitrichous)

Listeria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Darting motility (monotrichous)

Campylobacter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rapid darting/Shooting star motility (peritrichous)

Vibrio

Gliding motility

Capnocytophaga

Twitching motility, square-ended

Kingella

Inverted Christmas tree/Umbrella pattern in SIM

Listeria

Test tube brush pattern, H2S(+) in SIM

E. rhusiopathiae

Iron-binding compounds of bacteria that capture iron by chelation

Siderophores

Exotoxins are heat labile (60C) except

Staphylococcal enterotoxin

Most common cause of food poisoning

Staph aureus

Most potent exotoxin

Botulinum toxin

Opportunistic pathogens with exotoxin A, causes respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients

P. aeruginosa (B. cepacia, S. maltophilia)

Bacteria capable of intracellular survival can cause

Granulomatous lesions (Mycobacterium, Legionella, Brucella, Listeria, Histoplasma, Actinobacillus, Actinomycetes, K. granulomatis, B. cepacia, Treponema)

Post exposure investigation is done by

Microbiology supervisor and Safety officer

Exposure Control Plan is the responsibility of

Microbiology supervisor and Laboratory director

Autoclave temperature/pressure for infectious medical wastes

132C for 30-60 minutes

Inspissation temperature/time/purpose

75-80C for 2 hours for 3 days Fractional heating for culture media with increased proteins (Lowenstein-Jensen media for MTB)

Autoclave quality control organism

Bacillus stearothermophilus

Dry heat oven and Ethylene glycol ETO quality control organism

Bacillus subtilis

Oven temperature/time

160-180C for 1.5-3 hours

Membrane filter size with 100% bacterial sterility

Millipore 0.22 um

Sterilization method for plastic syringes, catheter, gloves, ETS

Ionizing radiation (gamma rays)

Sporicidal in 3-10 hours, for bronchoscopes

Glutaraldehyde

Boiling temperature/time

100C 15 minutes

Pasteurization batch/flash method temperature/time

63C 30 minutes 72C 15 seconds

Amoeba that can survive chlorinated water but killed at 70C

Acanthamoeba

Neutralize chlorine (for pool water analysis)

Sodium thiosulfate

Vertical Laminar Flow BSC

BSC II

Transport/holding media of S. agalactiae (vaginal swab)

Todd-Hewitt and LIM

Charcoal is added to media to

absorb fatty acids that could kill fastidious organisms (N. gonorrhoeae, B. pertussis)

Multi-purpose transport media that can also be used for viruses

Stuart's

Specimens that should be transported in less than 15 minutes

Sterile body fluids, gastric aspirate, tissue biopsy, corneal scrapings, foreign bodies (IUD, IV cath, surgical pins)

Commercial transport system for N. gonorrhoeae

JEMBEC system

Storage temp of CSF and blood in micro

37C

Storage temp of serum for serologic studies

Frozen -20C for 1 week

Most common agents of endocarditis

S. aureus, Viridans streptococci, Enterococci

Common organisms recovered in throat/nasopharyngeal swab

H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, B. pertussis, S. aureus, C. diphtheriae

Sputum specimen collection (DOH)

2 specimens in 1 day (Positive: 1 out of 2 samples AFB positive)

Virus that has not been isolated in sputum

HBV

SARS-CoV2 has not been isolated in what specimen

Urine

Vaginal normal flora in earlier and late in life

Staphylococci and Corynebacteria

Best swab for throat culture

Calcium alginate or Dacron swab

Best swab for genital swab

plastic Dacron or Rayon swab (not wooden cotton)

Traditional specimen for C. trachomatis

Urethral swab

Acceptable specimens for gonorrhoeae

Eye, throat, rectal swabs Gastric aspirate (for infants)

Priority specimens/most critical

"BC STreet" Blood, CSF, Sterile fluids, Tissue

Swab not used for molecular techniques

Calcium alginate with aluminum shaft (interfere with nucleic acid amplification, not for viruses)

Causes of diarrhea/gastroenteritis

Rotavirus (children) Norovirus/Norwalk virus (adults) C. difficile (hospitalized - antibiotic-associated diarrhea: clindamycin)

Haemophilus satellite colonies

S. aureus (heat labile V factor)

Nonhalophilic Vibrio

V. cholerae, V. mimicus

Anaerobes atmosphere requirement

5-10% H2 5-10% CO2 80-90% N2 0% O2

Microaerophiles

Campylobacter, Helicobacter

Facultative anaerobes

Staph, Strep, Enterobacteriaceae

Microaerophiles atmosphere requirement

5-10% O2 8-10% CO2

Capnophiles atmosphere requirement

5-10% CO2 15% O2

Cryophilic organisms, need cold enrichment medium

Listeria monocytogenes Yersinia enterolitica

HACEK

Haemophilus, Actinobacilllus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella

Candle jar CO2

3-5%

Indicator of anaerobiosis in an anaerobic jar

1. Rezasurin - colorless from pink 2. Methylene blue - colorless from blue

Sensitive to changes in temp

N. meningitidis

Sensitive to changes in pH

Shigella

Can grow up to 42C

"CAPH kapag mainit" Campylobacter jejuni Acinetobacter baumannii P. aeruginosa H. pylori

Can grow up to 65C (hot springs, air conditioning towers)

Legionella

Vibrio enrichment medium

APW (alkaliphile)

Vibrio selective/differential medium

TCBS

Bacon spoilage on vacuum-sealed container

Lactobacillus

Biphasic medium for Brucella

Castaneda

Growth in rice medium

Microsporum canis (+ growth) vs M. audoinii (-) Both exhibit fluorescence of Wood's lamp

Growth medium for Chlamydia

McCoy cells (mouse cell line)

Blood preferred for demonstration of beta hemolysis of Haemophilus

Horse blood

Human blood not preferred for BAP because

contains nonspecific inhibitors 1. Citrate - inhibit growth of b-hemolytic Strep 2. Dextrose - alters hemolytic pattern

Sucrose fermenting Vibrio

V. cholerae, V. alginolyticus

Neisseria selective medium

Thayer-martin

C. diphtheriae selective/differential medium

CTBA (Mueller tellurite) Gun metal black colonies

Seagull wings

Campylobacter, H. pylori

Rapid urease (+) Gastric ulcer Lophotrichous flagella

H. pylori

Alpha prime

Viridans strep

Double hemolysis

Clostridium perfringens

Selective medium for B. pertussis

Regan Lowe (Charcoal-Cephalexin agar)

Enriched medium for B. pertussis

Bordet-Gengou (Potato blood glycerol)

Selective/differential media for Salmonella Shigella

SSA XLD HEA

Aerial hyphae in Tap water agar

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Nocardiopsis

Increased Ca and Mg in MHA causes

Decreased activity of aminoglycosides to P. aeru and decreased activity of tetracyclines against all organisms

Low pH (<7.2-7.4) in MHA causes

Decreased activity of ACE Aminoglycosides, Clindamycin, Erythromycin

Disk diffusion inoculum size

1.5 x10^8 CFU/mL

Broth dilution inoculum size

5 x10^5 CFU/mL

0.5 McFarland composition

1% H2SO4 1.175%BaCl2

Distance between erythromycin and clindamycin disk in D-test

15-20mm

Red man's syndrome Ototoxic, nephrotoxic

Vancomycin

First drug used against TB

Streptomycin

ESBL bacteria

K. pneumoniae E. coli

An antimicrobial agent but not an antibiotic

Sulfanilamide

May cause aplastic anemia (aplasia of BM)

Chloramphenicol

Ophthalmia neonatorum prophylaxis

Erythromycin

Treatment of choice for vector-borne diseases (leptospirosis)

Doxycycline

Inhibits RNA synthesis; causes red-orange body fluids/urine; for MTB

Rifampicin

Microbiology 1 Flashcards

(118 cards)