Microbiology

Question 0

Are listeria gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 0

Positive

Question 1

Are bacillus sp. gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 1

Positive

Question 2

Are Enterococcus sp. gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 2

Positive

Question 3

Are the Staphylococci gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 3

Positive

Question 4

Are the Streptococci gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 4

Positive

Question 5

Are the Diptheroids gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 5

Positive

Question 6

Are the Clostridium sp. gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 6

Positive

Question 7

Is Klebsiella gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 7

Negative

Question 8

Are the Proteus gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 8

Negative

Question 9

Is Salmonella gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 9

Gram negative

Question 10

Is Shigella gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 10

Negative

Question 11

Are the helicobacter sp. gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 11

Negative

Question 12

Is H. influenzae gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 12

Negative

Question 13

Is legionella gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 13

Negative

Question 14

Is E. coli gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 14

Negative

Question 15

Is pseudomonas gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 15

Negative

Question 16

Is camplylobacter gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 16

Negative

Question 17

Is helicobacter gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 17

Negative

Question 18

Is bacteroides gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 18

Negative

Question 19

Are the diplococci gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 19

Negative

Question 20

What are the diplococcal bacteria?

Answer 20

Meningitis and gonnorhoea

Question 21

Is pertussis gram positive or gram negative?

Answer 21

Negative

Question 22

What’s your mnemonic for the gram positive bacteria?

Answer 22

BLESS DC

Question 23

What’s your mnemonic for the gram negative bacteria?

Answer 23

Katie probably had salmonella because she hardly played cards. Let everyone play dice.

Question 24

What does it mean for an antibiotic to be bacteriostatic?

Answer 24

It doesn't kill the pathogen, it just stops it growing. The white blood cells then kill it.

Question 25

What are the macrolide antibiotics?

Answer 25

Clarythromycin Azithromycin Erythromycin

Question 26

What's the aminoglycoside antibiotic?

Answer 26

Gentamycin

Question 27

How must gentamycin be given?

Answer 27

IM/IV

Question 28

Is gentamycin good for gram positive or gram negative organisms?

Answer 28

Gram negatives

Question 29

What antibiotic would you use for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 29

Gentamycin IV

Question 30

What antibiotic would you use for most hospital-acquired infections?

Answer 30

Gentamycin

Question 31

What's clindamycin used for?

Answer 31

Second-line in penicillin allergic patients, with Staph and Strep infections

Question 32

What class of antibiotic would you use for intracellular infections?

Answer 32

Macrolides (azithroymcin, erythromycin,clarythromycin)

Question 33

Which macrolide antibiotic can you give in pregnancy?

Answer 33

Erythromycin

Question 34

What would you use for clostridium infection?

Answer 34

Erythromycin or clarithromycin

Question 35

What antibiotic would you use for streptococcus infection??

Answer 35

Erithromycin or clarithromycin, or flucloxacillin

Question 36

Which antibiotic would you use against staph. aureus?

Answer 36

Flucloxacillin

Question 37

What antibiotic would you use against MRSA?

Answer 37

Gentamycin

Question 38

What antibiotic would you use against Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 38

Gentamycin

Question 39

What antibiotic would you use against E. coli?

Answer 39

Gentamycin

Question 40

What antibiotic would you use against Neisseria spp.?

Answer 40

Gentamycin

Question 41

What antibiotic would you use against an atypical pneumonia?

Answer 41

Doxycycline

Question 42

Which antibiotic is used for Staphylococci and Streptococci only?

Answer 42

Flucloxacillin

Question 43

What is flucloxacillin used for?

Answer 43

Staph and Strep

Question 44

Which penicillin is good for gram positive organisms?

Answer 44

Flucloxacillin

Question 45

What's the antibiotic for C. diff infection?

Answer 45

Vancomycin oral

Question 46

Name an antibiotic with really good gram positive cover.

Answer 46

Vancomycin

Question 47

What are the side effects of gentamycin?

Answer 47

Damages kidneys | Deafness/dizziness

Question 48

What are the side effects of vancomycin?

Answer 48

Red man syndrome | Kidney damage

Question 49

What kind of hypersensitivity reaction is a true penicillin allergy?

Answer 49

Type 1

Question 50

What are the 3 mechanisms by which bacteria gain resistance to antibiotics?

Answer 50

Tranformation Conjugation Transduction

Question 51

What is bacterial transduction?

Answer 51

DNA transferred from one bacterium to antother by viruses - bacteriophages.

Question 52

What is bacterial transformation?

Answer 52

Scavenging of free DNA from dead bacteria by other bacteria.

Question 53

What is bacterial conjugation?

Answer 53

Transfer of plasmids by sex, using pili

Question 54

Which antibiotics would you use for mild/moderate community-acquired pneumonia?

Answer 54

Amoxicillin

Question 55

Which antibiotics would you use for mild/moderate community-acquired pneumonia? WITH PENICILLIN ALLERGY?

Answer 55

Doxycycline

Question 56

What antibiotcs would you use for severe community-acquired pneumonia? (Remember the step-down too)

Answer 56

Co-amoxiclav with clarithromycin or doxycycline | Step down to doxycycline

Question 57

What antibiotic would you give to someone with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia?

Answer 57

Amoxicillin, metronidazole, and gentamycin

Question 58

What antibiotic would you give to someone with non-severe hospital-acquired pneumonia?

Answer 58

Amoxicillin and metronidazole

Question 59

What antibiotic would you give for an acute exacerbation of COPD?

Answer 59

Amoxicillin

Question 60

What's the empirical therapy for endocarditis?

Answer 60

Gentamycin and vancomyin

Question 61

What antibiotic would you give for non-severe C. diff infection?

Answer 61

Metronidazole

Question 62

What antibiotic would you give for severe C. diff infection?

Answer 62

Vancomycin with or without metronidazole

Question 63

What is the empirical antibiotic therapy?

Answer 63

Amoxicillin, metronidazole, gentamycin

Question 64

What are the 4 C antibiotics?

Answer 64

Clindamycin Cephalosporins Co-amoxiclav Ciprofloxacin

Question 65

Why should you avoid the 4 C antibiotics?

Answer 65

Increase the risk of C. diff infection