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Microbiology Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

First to report on his observations of accurate description and drawings on baceteria and protozoa

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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2
Q

Invented the microscope

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

Proved germ theory of disease

A

Louis Pasteur

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4
Q

Disproved theory on spontaneous generation

A

Louis Pasteur

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5
Q

Father of microbiology

A

Louis Pasteur

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6
Q

First Koch postulate

A

The microorganism must be isolated from diseased organism and grown in PURE CULTURE

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7
Q

Second koch postulate

A

The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism

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8
Q

3rd koch postulate

A

This organism must be reisolated from inoculated, diseased, experimental host, and identified as identical to the original specific causative agent

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9
Q

Discovered penicilin

A

Alexander Flemming

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10
Q

Discovered capillaria philippinensis

A

Nelia Salazar

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11
Q

Adopted a system of nomenclature (taxonomy)

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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12
Q

The mordant - to fix primary stain

A

Iodine

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13
Q

Most cocci are gram positive except

A

Neisseria
Moraxella (Branhamella)
Veillonella

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14
Q

Primary stain of AFB stain

A

Carbolfuchsin

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15
Q

Counterstain in AFB stain

A

Methylene blue

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16
Q

3 common methods for AFB stain

A

Ziehl-Neelsen
Kinyoun
Auramine- Rhodamine Fluorochrome stain

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17
Q

Acid fast organisms

Enumerate 5

A
  1. Mycobacterium
  2. Nocardia
  3. Cryptosporidium
  4. Isospora
  5. Legionella micdadei
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18
Q

Most common cause of meningitis with a AIDS

A

Crytococcus neoformans

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19
Q

Crytococcus neoformans

Diagnostic

A

India ink

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20
Q

Strep Group A

A

S. Pyogenes

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21
Q

Strep group B

A

S. Agalactiae

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22
Q

Strep Group C, G

A

S. Dygalactiae susbp. Equismilis

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23
Q

Nonhemolytic strep

A

Lancfield group D

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24
Q

S. Pneumonia vs S. Pyogenes

A

S. Pneumoniae- alpha hemolytic

S. Pyogenes- beta

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25
Strep lancet shaped
S. Pneumoniae
26
Virulence of S. Pneumoniae
Capsule - resist phagocytosis | IgA protease
27
S. Pneumoniae | Biochemical test
Quellung rxn Bile solubility Optochin sensitivity
28
Most common cause of lobar pneumonia | Rusty sputum
S. Pneumoniae
29
Encapsulated strep
S. Pneumoniae
30
Draughtsman coin morphology | Microbe
S. Pneumoniae
31
Carom coin morphology | Microbe
S. Pneumoniae
32
Strep | (+) Quellung rxn - capsular swelling
S. Pneumoniae
33
Most common cause of otitis media
Streptococcus pnemoniae
34
What is the most common agent for luga
S. Pneumoniae
35
Group __ Strep | S. Agalactiae
Group B
36
S. Agalactiae is te most common cause of
Neonatal pneumonia Neonatal sepsis Neonatal meningitis
37
Type of strep | S. Pyogenes
GABHS | Group A beta hemolytic strep
38
S. Pyogenes | Is the etiologic agent for
Rheumatic fever
39
S. Pyogenes | Cause of clinical manifestations
M protein | Pyogenic exotoxin
40
Rheumatic fever is sequelae to
Pharyngitis
41
AGN sequelae to
Pharyngitis and cutaneous lesions
42
S. Pyogenes cause
Erysipelas
43
Fiery red rash
Erysipelas
44
Impetigo caused by
Strep | And Staphy
45
Scarlet fever caused by
S. Pyogenes
46
2 disease causes strawberry tongue
Scarlet fever | Kawasaki disease
47
Dental caries usually causes by
Strep. Mutans
48
S. Mutans produces this enzyme which forms an insoluble polymer of glucose —- glucan
Dextransducrase (specific for Strep. Mutans)
49
Golden yellow colonies | Morphology
S. Aureus
50
Golden yellow colonies of S. Aureus is due to presence of
Staphyloxanthin
51
Pneumatocoeles on chest X ray
S. Aureus
52
Pneumatocoeles of S. Aureus is due to
Panton Valentin Leukocidin
53
2 bacteria that cause necrotizing pneumonia
S. Aureus | Pseudomonas aeruginosa
54
This pathogen is distributed through the terminal airways in FLeur de lis pattern
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
55
Specific toxin responsible for SSSS
Exfoliatin
56
The most severe form of SSSS
Ritter’s disease
57
Most common etiologic agent of endorcarditis in TV drug users commonly involving tricuspid valve
S. Aureus
58
MC cause of osteomyelitis in | General population
S. Aureus
59
MC cause of osteomyelitis in | Sexually active
N. Gonorrhea
60
MC cause of osteomyelitis in | Drug users
P. Aeruginosa
61
MC cause of osteomyelitis in | Sickle cell anemia
Salmonella sp.
62
MRSA | DOC
Vancomycin
63
Chinese character morphology microbe
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
64
Granules produced by corynebacterium
Volutin granules | Metachromatic babes/ Babes Ernst
65
What medium is used to culture corynebacterium spp?
Loffler’s coagulated medium / | Tellurite agar
66
Pseudomembranous pharyngitis - grayish white membrane
Corynebacterium diphtheria
67
Sore throat with pseudomembrane, bullneck myocarditis, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and muscle paralysis
Corynebacterium diphtheria
68
2 pathogen that Inactivates EF-2 by ADP ribosylation
C. Diphtherae | P. Aeruginiosa
69
Microbe with round terminal spores which give cells a drumstick or tennis racket appearance
Clostridium tetani
70
2 toxins produced by Clostridium tetani
Tetanospasmin | Tetanolysin
71
Very potent neurotoxin and solely responsible for pathogenic activity of C. Tetani
Tetanospasmin
72
MOA of tetanospasmin
Block the release of inhibitory neurotransmitter (glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid)
73
Most common form of tetanus
Generalized tetanus
74
First manifestation of generalized tetanus
Trismus
75
First manifestation of generalized tetanus in neonates
Neonatal tetanus
76
Locks of matted hair called medusa head appearance | What microbe is described
Bacillus anthracis
77
2 ypes of anthrax
Cutaneous (95%) Pulmonary (Woolsorter’s disease) GI
78
Woolsorter’s disease
Pulmonary anthrax
79
Tx for anthrax
Pen G Erythromycin- for those with penicillin allergy Vaccine
80
The most common form of anthrax
Cutaneous - 95%
81
Classic skin lesion of bacillus anthracis
Malignant pustule/ black eschar
82
Fatal hemorrhagic mediastinitis
Pulmonary anthracis
83
Incubation of pulmonary anthrax
1-7 days
84
Phase of pulmonary anthrax
Initial phase -nonspecific (mild fever, malaise) Second phase - severe respiratory disease ; -hemorrhagic pneumonia - death in 24 to 36 hours
85
Case fatality of untreated pulmonary anthrax
75- 90%
86
Mycobacterium tuberculosis also known as
Koch’s bacillus
87
what is responsible for acid fast microorganisms
long chain mycolic acids
88
metabolism of M. tuberculosis
Slow growing obligate aerobes - cannot survive without oxygen
89
2 microscopic forms of M. tuberculosis
slipping | and snapping forms
90
(+) niacin | Catalase (-) at 68 degrees
M. tuberculosis
91
this pathogen has serpentine growth
M. tuberculosis
92
causes serpentine growth in vitro
cord factor-trehalose dimycolate

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