Microbiology and immunology

Question 1

PC: A 50-year-old woman presented for evaluation of an itchy rash on the skin. Two days prior to presentation, the patient spent several hours in a hot tub that multiple family members also used on the same day. It appears the patient used the hot tub for a longer and more continuous time than her family members. No other family member developed a rash. The patient has an allergy to iodine and uses fexofenadine for seasonal allergies. She uses ibuprofen for occasional pain relief.

Physical examination revealed pruritic papules and pustules on the chest, back, and buttock.

What is the causative organsism?

Answer 1

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (hot tub folliculitis)

Question 2

Name 2 conditions caused by the organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 2

Hottub folliculitis and otitis externa

Question 3

PC: progressive ear pain with a purulent discharge, alongside itchiness or ear fullness. diagnosis is made of otitis externa, what are the 2 most likely causative organisms

Answer 3

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Question 4

PC: high fevers, an erythematous sore throat, strawberry-like tongue and a sand-paper like rash. rash originates from the groin and spreads bilaterally up the trunk to the axilla, at 7–10 days the rash had spread to the extremities and desquamates.

What is the most likely causative organism?

Answer 4

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 5

What is the most likely causative organism for Tonsilitis?

Answer 5

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 6

what organism is part of the normal skin flora that Is associated with endocarditis and infections of indwelling foreign devices?

Answer 6

Staphylococcus epidermis

Question 7

Amoxicillin is effective against which of the following gram positive bacteria:
Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus,

Answer 7

Streptococcus and enterococcus

Question 8

Amoxicillin is effective against which of the following gram negative bacteria: 
Enteric GNR (e coli), Haemophilus, Pseudomonas,

Answer 8

Haemophilus

Question 9

which resistant organism is ceftriaxone effective against?

MSSA or MRSA

Answer 9

MSSA

Question 10

which gram positive organism is ceftriaxone effective against?
Streptococcus or enterococcus

Answer 10

streptococcus

Question 11

which gram negative organism is ceftriaxone effective against?
enteric GNR, Pseudomonas or respiriatory G-s

Answer 11

Enteric GNR and respiratory G-s

Question 12

out of Ceftriazone, Azirthromycin and Amoxicillin, which is the most effective against atypical organisms

Answer 12

Azirthromycin

Question 13

name three examples of an atypical micro-organism?

Answer 13

Chlamydiaceae, Legionella and the Mycoplasmataceae

Question 14

is vancomycin or azithromycin a better antimicrobial choice for treating a gram positive infection

Answer 14

Vancomycin

Question 15

17 year old with a new clamydia infection with an allergy to tetracycline antibiotics should be given what antibiotic?

Answer 15

azithromycin

Question 16

Name 2 antibiotics that are not safe to prescribe to a pregnant women

Answer 16

Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline

Question 17

what are the three most causative organisms of otitis media?

Answer 17

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilis infuenza, Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 18

what antibiotic should be prescribes to treat an infection of otitis media?

Answer 18

amoxicillin

Question 19

What is the most likely causative organism of CAP

Answer 19

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 20

Out of the following which is not a cause of Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Group A Streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis

Answer 20

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 21

At what ages do you receive the 6 in 1 vaccine

Answer 21

8wks, 12wks, 16wks

Question 22

What are the 6 vaccinations found in the ‘6 in 1’

Answer 22

diphtheria, tenus, pertusis, polio, Hep B and Hib (Haemophilus influenzae)

Question 23

name 7 vaccines not suitable for pregnant or immunocompromised

Answer 23

Rotavirus, BCG, MMR, Chicken pox, Influenza, yellow fever, Typhoid

Question 24

at what age do you receive the HPV vaccine?

Answer 24

12-13 yrs

Question 25

a 1 year and 2 month year old baby is protected against what organisms ?

Answer 25

All 6 in 1, Rotavirus, Pneumococcal, men B, Men c,

Question 26

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with high fever, rapid onset and herpes labialis

Answer 26

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 27

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated in patients with COPD

Answer 27

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 28

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with a patient following influenza infection

Answer 28

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 29

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with often present a dry cough and atypical chest signs/x-ray findings, Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and erythema multiforme may be seen

Answer 29

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 30

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with Hyponatraemia and lymphopenia common Classically seen secondary to infected air conditioning units

Answer 30

Legionella pneumophilia

Question 31

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated Classically seen in alcoholics

Answer 31

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 32

is Neisseria gonorrhoeae gram positive or gram negative/ rod or cocci?

Answer 32

gram negative cocci

Question 33

what antibiotics are effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 33

ceftriaxone and azithromycin

Question 34

Chlamydia trachomatis is what gram stain? cocci or rod

Answer 34

gram negative, rod or cocci

Question 35

treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 35

azithromycin (pregnant) or doxycycline (not). other erythromycin and olfoxacin

Question 36

what is the causative organism for syphilis

Answer 36

Treponema pallidum

Question 37

what gram stain is Treponema pallidum and how do you identify it?

Answer 37

Gram-negative micro-aerophilic bacterium with three flagella

Question 38

what is the treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 38

metronidazole or tinidazole

Question 39

is Trichomonas vaginalis gram positive or negative?

Answer 39

Although fungi stain gram-positive, the Gram stain is typically negative in women with positive Candida cultures

Question 40

what is the treatment for Treponema pallidum?

Answer 40

penicillin