Microbiology Chapter 13 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Microbiology Chapter 13 Deck (32)
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1
Q

Proteins or glycoproteins found on attachment pili and capsules

A

Adhesins

2
Q

White blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens

A

Phagocytes

3
Q

Enzyme that digest the protective coating on mucous membranes

A

Mucinase

4
Q

Enzyme that digest the principal component of skin and hair, secreted by fungi

A

Keratinase

5
Q

Enzyme that digest the principal fiber of connective tissue and is an invasive factor

A

Collagenase

6
Q

Enzyme that digests hyaluronic acid

A

Hyaluronidase

7
Q

Enzyme that increases blood clotting

A

Coagulase

8
Q

Enzyme that dissolves blood clots

A

Streptokinase

9
Q

Soluble proteins secreted by the pathogen.

A

Exotoxins

10
Q

Part of the cell wall released into the host tissue

A

Endotoxins

11
Q

Organisms that live on or in the body but do not cause disease

A

Normal (resident) biota (normal flora)

12
Q

The capacity to cause disease. It depends on its ability to invade, multiply on or in a host and avoid the host’s defenses.

A

Pathogenicity

13
Q

The intensity of disease produced by a pathogen

A

Virulence

14
Q

Resident or transient microflora that cause disease under certain conditions

A

Opportunists

15
Q

Time between infection and appearance of signs and symptoms.

A

Incubation Period

16
Q

Short period during which mild, nonspecific symptoms appear

A

Prodromal Phase

17
Q

Period during which the individual experiences typical signs and symptoms of a disease

A

Invasive Phase

18
Q

Period of healing

A

Convalescence period

19
Q

Infection of a previously healthy person - Usually acute

A

Primary infection

20
Q

Infection that immediately follows a primary infection. (Ear infection following a cold)

A

Secondary infection

21
Q

Characteristics of a disease that can be observed by examining the patient (Swelling, redness, coughing, etc)

A

Signs

22
Q

Characteristics of a disease that can be felt or observed by the patient. (Pain, nausea, headache, etc)

A

Symptoms

23
Q

Combination of signs and symptoms that are indicative of a particular disease.

A

Syndrome

24
Q

Individuals who harbor an infectious agent without having any observable symptoms

A

Carriers

25
Q

An animal that transmits infectious organism from one host to another

A

Vector

26
Q

Infection acquired in a hospital or other medical facility

A

Nosocomal infection

27
Q

Set of guidelines established by the CDC (Center for disease Control) to reduce the risks of nosocomial infections. Also important for the prevention of transmission of AIDS.

A

Universal Precautions

28
Q

Number of individuals affected by a disease during a set period of time in relation to the total number in the population.

A

Morbidity Rate

29
Q

Number of deaths due to a disease in a population during a specific period in relation to the total population.

A

Mortality Rate

30
Q

Infectious disease that exhibits a relatively steady frequency over a long time period in a particular georgraphic locale.

A

Endemic

31
Q

Diseased increasing beyond what is expected for that population

A

Epidemic

32
Q

The spread of an epidemic across continents

A

Pandemic