microbiology final exam 1 form B

Question 0

Discovered streptomycin; coined term antibiotic

Answer 0

Selman Waksman

Question 1

Petri dishes, agar, and staining originatedr in his lab

Answer 1

Robert Koch

Question 2

First to propose the concept of spontaneous generation

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

Prevented surgical infections by using mists of phenol

Answer 3

Joseph Lister

Question 4

Father of epidemiology (cholera in London)

Answer 4

John Snow

Question 5

Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing prevented fever in obstetric patients

Answer 5

Ignas Semmelweis

Question 6

Developed the first differential stain for bacteria

Answer 6

Christian Gram

Question 7

Developed the first rabies vaccine

Answer 7

Louis Pasteur

Question 8

First person to see bacteria

Answer 8

Anteni Leeuwenhook

Question 9

Developed first sulfa-drug (protensil) in late 1930’s

Answer 9

Gerard Domagk

Question 10

Which of the following organisms is classified by the type of spores it produces?

Answer 10

Fungi

Question 11

The archaea are examples of which of the following types of microbes?

Answer 11

Prokaryotes

Question 12

Numerous, short bristle-like projections important in biofilms

Answer 12

Fimbriae

Question 13

The rigid and strong part of the bacterial cell wall

Answer 13

Peptidoglycan

Question 14

Responsible for motility in spirochettes

Answer 14

Axial filaments

Question 15

Have a central role in conjugation

Answer 15

Pili

Question 16

A highly organized glycocalyx, firmly attached to the cell

Answer 16

Capsule

Question 17

80s in eukaryotes; 70s in prokaryotes

Answer 17

Ribosomes

Question 18

One of 2 organelles explained by the endosymbiotic theory

Answer 18

Chloroplasts

Question 19

Can be monotrichous, amphitrichous, or peritrichous

Answer 19

Flagella

Question 20

Composed of phospholipids and protein

Answer 20

Cell membrane

Question 21

Very dehydrated and almost ametabolic, survival stage

Answer 21

Endospore

Question 22

A photosynthetic bacterium moving toward a light source would:

Answer 22

B and D, tumble less, have longer runs

Question 23

Teichoic acids - gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

Answer 23

Gram positive bacteria only

Question 24

Lipopolysaccharide, gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

Answer 24

Gram negative bacteria only

Question 25

Peptidoglycan, gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

Answer 25

All of the above

Question 26

Several layers of wax-like lipid, gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

Answer 26

Acid-fast bacteria only

Question 27

Lipid A, gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

Answer 27

Gram negative bacteria only

Question 28

Over 90% of the cell wall is peptidoglycan, gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

Answer 28

Gram positive bacteria only

Question 29

Which of the following would not be found in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 29

Centrioles

Question 30

A red blood cell is placed into a hypotonic solution

Answer 30

Swell then burst (lysis)

Question 31

An RBC is placed in a hypertonic solution

Answer 31

Crenation

Question 32

A bacterial cell is placed into a hypotonic solution

Answer 32

Nothing happens

Question 33

A bacterial cell is placed into a hypertonic solution

Answer 33

Plasmolysis

Question 34

An RBC is placed into an isotonic solution

Answer 34

Nothing happens

Question 35

An object measures 200 um. This is equivalent to:

Answer 35

All of the above

Question 36

Which of the following objective lenses would be LEAST LIKELY found on a typical light microscope?

Answer 36

1000x

Question 37

Immersion oil is needed with oil immersion lenses because:

Answer 37

All of the above

Question 38

All of the following are associated with an electron microscope except:

Answer 38

A prism

Question 39

Gram positive cells immediately following decolorization

Answer 39

Purple

Question 40

Gram negative cells immediately following the counterstain

Answer 40

Pink

Question 41

Gram negative cells immediately following the mordant

Answer 41

Purple

Question 42

Gram positive cells after all the steps in the gram stain

Answer 42

Purple

Question 43

The Endospore stain and the gram stain have all the following in common except a:

Answer 43

Mordant

Question 44

Carl woese proposed the concept of 3 domains based upon differences in genes for which cellular molecule?

Answer 44

rRNA

Question 45

Which of the following microorganisms is noted for its variety of locomotive structures

Answer 45

Protozoa

Question 46

The reason visible light is relatively limited in its usefulness for microscopy is:

Answer 46

It's wavelength is too long to enable very high resolution of images

Question 47

All of the following microscopes are limited to magnifications of about 2000x except:

Answer 47

Scanning tunneling

Question 48

Most stains that stain bacteria well are classified as:

Answer 48

Basic

Question 49

An organic cofactor for an enzyme is known as a(n):

Answer 49

Coenzyme

Question 50

To which of the following substances would a typical cell membrane be least permeable?

Answer 50

Hydrogen ion H+

Question 51

Means sugar-splitting

Answer 51

Glycolysis

Question 52

Acetyl co-A goes in; NADH, FADH2, and GTP come out

Answer 52

Krebs cycle

Question 53

Electrons are passed through membrane proteins, finally to O2

Answer 53

Electron transport chain

Question 54

The 2 pathways that can produce carbon dioxide

Answer 54

A and E Krebs cycle and fermentation

Question 55

Acetyl co a molecules are generated

Answer 55

Beta oxidation

Question 56

The 2 pathways that are capable of substrate-level phosphorylation

Answer 56

A and C, Krebs cycle and glycolysis

Question 57

The process exploited most often in the production of foods; many different possible end-products are produced

Answer 57

Fermentation

Question 58

All of the following are produced routinely during aerobic respiration except:

Answer 58

Ethyl alcohol

Question 59

Anaerobic respiration differs from aerobic respiration in:

Answer 59

The nature of the terminal electron acceptor

Question 60

Which of the following pathways produces NAD+ from NADH?

Answer 60

B and D (fermentation and the electron transport chain)

Question 61

Catalase:

Answer 61

All of the above

Question 62

Number of fatty acids in a common fat

Answer 62

3

Question 63

Net ATP equivalents from the intermediate step only (don't include acetyl-coA)

Answer 63

6

Question 64

Number of phosphates in ADP

Answer 64

2

Question 65

Net ATP from oxidative phosphorylation only, in an aerobic bacterium

Answer 65

34

Question 66

The number of lactic acid molecules produced during fermentation

Answer 66

2

Question 67

The total net number of ATP equivalents produced by an aerobic bacterium

Answer 67

38

Question 68

Number of ATP equivalents in one NADH molecule

Answer 68

3

Question 69

The number of CO2 molecules released from the complete oxidation of one pyruvate molecule

Answer 69

3

Question 70

The number of CO2 molecules released from glycolysis

Answer 70

0

Question 71

NAD and FAD are

Answer 71

4

Question 72

Petrichous flagellation denotes

Answer 72

2

Question 73

A fatty acid containing 18 carbons is metabolized for energy by an aerobic bacterium. What is the total net number of ATP equivalents that this fatty acid is worth?

Answer 73

6

Question 74

Nutrient agar (contains beef extract) to which antibiotics have been added is:

Answer 74

A and C (selective and complex)

Question 75

Psychropiles grow best in:

Answer 75

The cold

Question 76

10 organisms with a generation time of 30 min are allowed to multiply for 10 hrs. How many organisms are present?

Answer 76

1.05* 10^7

Question 77

100 organisms develop into 1.6 million organisms in 4 hours 40 min. What is the generation time?

Answer 77

20 min.

Question 78

During the log phase, organisms are:

Answer 78

Growing at an optimal rate

Question 79

Water activity of a substance is lowered by:

Answer 79

All of the above, adding salt, adding sugar, removing water

Question 80

For a mesophile, the minimum temp of an organism is:

Answer 80

The temp below which the organism will not grow