Microscope

Question 1

Initial magnification happens in the____

Answer 1

objective lens

Question 2

final magnification happens in the _____

Answer 2

ocular lens

Question 3

limit of usable magnification

Answer 3

Resolving power

Question 4

magnification of two dots that are no longer resolvable

Answer 4

Empty magnification

Question 5

A measure of the number of highly diffracted image-forming light rays captured by the objective

Answer 5

Numerical aperture

Question 6

The distance from the object being viewed to the lens or the objective

Answer 6

FOCAL LENGTH

Question 7

foot on which the microscope rests

Answer 7

base

Question 8

foot on which the microscope rests

Answer 8

arm

Question 9

the platform in which the object being observed is placed

Answer 9

stage

Question 10

tungsten or tungsten-halogen bulb, spectrophotometer

Answer 10

light source

Question 11

controls the intensity of light

Answer 11

rheostat

Question 12

directs and focuses light onto the material under examination

Answer 12

condenser

Question 13

controls the amount of light that passes through

Answer 13

diaphragm

Question 14

Already focused, just adjust the fine adjustment

Answer 14

parfocal

Question 15

Alignment are centered

Answer 15

parcentric

Question 16

to widen the distance of oculars

Answer 16

Interpupillary distance

Question 17

to adjust the grade

Answer 17

Diopter adjustment

Question 18

gives rapid movement over a wide range and is used to obtain an approximate focus

Answer 18

coarse

Question 19

gives very slow movement over a limited range and is used to obtain exact focus

Answer 19

fine

Question 20

Uses scattered light to view objects that appear light on a dark background
* Used to observe spirochetes: Treponema, Borrelia, Leptospira

Answer 20

darkfield microscope

Question 21

Gives objects a three-dimensional appearance * Useful for wet preparations (such as urine sediment), showing finer details without the need for special staining techniques * Add beam splitter (prism): will appear as 3D

Answer 21

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPE/NOMARSKY

Question 22

Provides greater magnification and resolution than conventional light microscopy * Black and white

Answer 22

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Question 23

Used to observe substances that fluoresce such as molecules coupled to antibodies for specific fluorescent labeling

Answer 23

FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPE

Question 24

Used to increase the contrast in unstained specimens * Useful for counting platelets and observing cellular structures and casts in wet preparations of urine sediment and vaginal smears

Answer 24

PHASE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPE

Question 25

* Used to identify crystals in body fluids: Synovial fluids found in joints * Useful clinically for differentiating between monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in synovial fluid

Answer 25

Polarized and compensated polarized microscope

Question 26

Parallel yellow: Parallel blue :

Answer 26

negative birefringence, positive birefringence

Question 27

Perpendicular yellow = Perpendicular blue =

Answer 27

positive birefringence, negative birefringence

Question 28

study of tissues

Answer 28

histo

Question 29

study of disease

Answer 29

pathology

Question 30

Is the process of killing the tissue to preserve it * Police: to preserve, protect, and stabilize * Most commonly used fixative: 10% formalin

Answer 30

Fixation

Question 31

Removal of calcium or calcified tissues/tissue structures

Answer 31

Delcalcification

Question 32

* Removal of water or moisture * Commonly used: Alcohols * Most preferred: 70-100% Ethanol

Answer 32

Dehydration

Question 33

One of the most common samples of clearing agent is Xylene or Chloroform; Tissue will appear as clear

Answer 33

Clearing

Question 34

to remove alcohol, xylene is being used to eradicate alcohol

Answer 34

Dealcoholization

Question 35

Adding wax such as paraffin and celloidin

Answer 35

infiltration/impregnation

Question 36

We are using embedding media to form the mold * Blocking/molding

Answer 36

Embedding

Question 37

* Trim for microtome * Trimming of wax blocks

Answer 37

Trimming

Question 38

: used to trim tissue

Answer 38

Microtome

Question 39

Tissue ribboning

Answer 39

Sectioning/cutting

Question 40

* Adding of color such as dyes to the tissues * To differentiate different structures of tissues

Answer 40

staining

Question 41

mounting

Answer 41

Putting it on the slides

Question 42

* Secure the cover slide * To protect the tissue

Answer 42

ringing

Question 43

* Naming/putting identity of the tissue * Always last yung paglabelling. * Putting identity of the tissue.

Answer 43

labelling