Midterm 1 (Ch 1-6) Lecture Flashcards by Simon Blum

Described American society being dominated by the elite who make the agenda

C. Wright Mills

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Examples of isolation through childhood leading to little mental ability, social skills, and problems resocializing

Danielle, Isabelle, and Genie

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What did the Solomon Asch experiment study?

Group pressure. Seeing how people respond when rest of group responds to wrong line over and over

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The key interest of this view is on system survivability and stability

Functionalist theory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Focused on growth and bureaucracy

Weber

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Came up with the idea of dramaturgy and impression management

Goffman

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In field research, not identifying yourself as a sociological experimenter

Covert

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Described the social organism, social stages, the social organism evolving in different ways, societies grow in different ways with some being more complex

Herbert Spencer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Problems with cultural diffusion

May not be balanced in who gets to spread culture and how much they get to spread

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What do conflict theorists see unequal distribution of resources as?

Will create hierarchies and be used to dominate and suppress

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 key conflict theorists

Marx, Martineau, and Weber

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Founded the first sociological institution. Did a study on suicide showing humans need to be integrated

Durkheim

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Micro level theories

Interactionist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

5 key parts to functionalist theory

Integration, cohesion/conformity/stability, socialization, institutions, and functionality

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abstract terms that capture arguably important and general features of social life (become variables when measurable) like status, inequality, etc

Concepts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Focused on power

Weber

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Focused on integration and division of labor

Durkheim

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

View of culture as diverse/hierarchal tendencies

Conflict theory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

4 key parts of conflict theory

Status hierarchies and inequality, institutional non-neutrality, inequality centered view of culture, contention/resistance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

American functionalists

Parsons, Merton, Davis, and Moore

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Described social inequality, power and domination, status, and bureaucracy

Max Weber

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Meades 4 stages of early development and play

preparatory or pre play
play stage
game stage
socialized individual with generalized other

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The diffusion of culture around the world to make one

Global culture

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Focused on conflict and alienation

Marx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Described the inequality of southern culture, help create the NAACP

W.E.B. Du Bois

Studies that operate from a point to seek a deep understanding of social worlds through the views of participants (verstehen) rather than hypothesis testing

Interpretive framework

What did the Philip Zombardo experiment study?

Conformity to roles, structure, and authority. People took on their roles and acted on them so strongly the experiment had to be stopped

Attempt to hold work to a high, critical standard by anonymous peers in the field

Peer review

All orgs have this

Identifiable membership

Awareness of our own place in the social whole, outsider view of ones own social world

Sociological imagination

Described class inequality, poverty, and gender

Harriet Martineau

Networks can do one of these two things

Constrain or enable

Described the social system, social integration, keys to keeping social organism alive and healthy

Emile Durkheim

Three functionalist sociologists

Comte, Spencer, and Durkheim

View that through socialization and development, we learn roles, norms, and expectations associated with a particular status and cultural context

Symbolic interactionism

Macro level theories

Functionalist and conflict theory

Argument to dramaturgy and impression management

We can only be so creative before being seen as an outsider

Heredity and twin studies

Separation at birth leads to exhibiting some same behaviors but different learned behaviors

View that society is like an organism with different organs that drives toward equilibrium and could die if not at equilibrium

Functionalist theory

What do societies need to function smoothly?

Cohesion

3 potential problems with bureaucracy

1. oligarchy/homogenization (those on top can be selfish with power and big bureaucracies can destroy small ones) 2. trained incapacity (people out of job if their specialization is gone) 3. iron cage (individuals trapped and no exceptions made for individuals)

When a person is brought to a new social context and taught how to be a part of that social context

Systematic resocialization

In field research, identifying yourself as a sociological experimenter

Overt

View of culture as integrative functions

Functionalist theory

Focused on exploitation and alienation

Marx

Localized, interactions between people view

Micro level

Focused on socialization

Durkheim

Material specific things in a culture

Objects/items

Deep understanding of the social worlds from the point of view of participants

Verstehen

Stage with the starting to play roles to perfect role performance, acting roles out, obsessed with playing a particular role, can only play one role at a time

Play stage

What do more status markers indicate

More probability for predictions

Five major changes of life course transitions seen in symbolic interactionism

1. childhood 2. teenager 3. young adulthood 4. midlife/middle ages 5. later life/older ages

View that society is characterized by stratification hierarchies and ongoing group struggles over societal resources

Conflict theory

Three historical areas we live in and are embedded in

Preindustrial, industrial, and postindustrial

Described the fact that the poor were excluded from institutions

Jane Addams

How do different historical eras change our embedded ness?

Different options, expectations, socialization, etc.

Noticed culture is the most important part of society, more than institutions

Durkheim

Thought there were laws that governed social life

Comte

Challenges to functionalist theory

Is social stability inherently good? Social scientific observations of pronounced inequality, genocide, social upheaval, etc

Described race as a social construct

Du Bois

Stage with more complex cognition, playing several roles at once, goal is to from a generalized other

Game stage

4 parts to McDonaldization of society

1. efficiency (time) 2. Calculability (do something with a certain amount) 3. uniformity = predictability (expect a certain thing) 4. control (often through automation, remove chaos)

Methods that use the scientific method/casual relations

Experiments, surveys, large scale statistical analyses, comparative/historical analyses

A type of org design intended to promote social efficiency

Bureaucracy

Focused on organizations more than others

Weber

Stage with playing roles/following rules without thinking, ensures individuals act similar

Socialized individual with generalized other

Described class conflict, group struggle, social change

Karl Marx

Big picture, top down view

Macro level

Isolated monkeys stayed isolated bc they don't know how to act and monkeys stayed with the fluffy monkey over the wire with food

Harlows monkeys

Described positivism, social system, general rules governing social world that could be studied using scientific method

Auguste Comte

Having enough knowledge that we known the roles/rules without having to think about it

Generalized other

Ideally, bureaucracies become this

Meritocratic - based on pure intellect/ pure motivation

People who come across as from the upper part of the society are seen as smarter. Culture conflict theorist view

Low brow vs high brown displays/judgements

Important figures in developing socialization

Meade and Goffman

The extent to which a relation holds true across individuals, groups, time, and place

Generalizability

Stage requiring no complex cognition and is all about imitation

Preparatory/pre play stage

4 parts of bureaucracy Weber noticed

1. division of labor (specialization) 2. hierarchy of offices 3. rules and regulations 4. impersonality

Methods that use the interpretive framework

Ethnography, participant observation, open ended interviewing

Who developed verstehen?

Max Weber

Came up with the McDonaldization of society

George Ritzer

Material things imbued with cultural meaning

Symbols

Said embedded ness in networks are important for opportunities and constraints

Zimmel

Described Jim Crow Laws in the south not allowing people into institutions

Ida Wells-Barnett

What did the Stanley Milgram experiment study?

Conformity/obedience to authority. People would deliver deadly shock when told to by authority figure. People weren't all that different from Nazi Germany

Conflict theorists say the higher ups define culture and create hierarchies in their areas

Racial/ethnic and gender hierarchies

Groups that associate and formalize for some purpose, and that persist over time due to formalization

Orgs

What can an interpretive framework lead to?

Forming a hypothesis to test on a macro level

Younger people being on phones at dinner table and older people talking about how it used to be. Conflict theorists culture conflict

Intergenerational shifts and conflict