midterm Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
A physiological process.
A
HEARING
2
Q
- A complex affective, cognitive, and behavioral
process. - Most widely used daily communication activity.
A
LISTENING
3
Q
- a process which Motivates a person to attend to a message.
A
AFFECTIVE PROCESS
4
Q
- a process which is Understanding and interpreting the message’s
meaning.
A
COGNITIVE PROCESS
5
Q
- Related to responding with verbal and nonverbal
feedback.
A
BEHAVIOURAL PROCESS
6
Q
- Choosing to listen because the person likes their style
or they engage..
A
APPRECIATIVE LISTENING
7
Q
- Choosing to listen to recall information.
A
COMPREHENSIVE LISTENING
8
Q
- Choosing to listen to understand and critically evaluate
the worth of the message. - Requires more psychological processing than the other
types of listening.
A
CRITICAL LISTENING
9
Q
- The anxiety a person feels about listening.
- This may increase when a person worries about
misinterpreting the message making it difficult to focus
on the message.
A
LISTENING APPREHENSION
10
Q
- This is a person’s favored and usually unconscious
approach to listening. - May be influenced by cultural and co-cultural identity.
A
LISTENING STYLE
11
Q
- Focuses on and evaluates the facts and
evidence. - Appreciate the details and enjoy processing
complex messages. - Highly likely to ask questions to get even more
information.
A
CONTENT-ORIENTED LISTENER
12
Q
- Focuses on the feelings their conversational
partner may have. - Tend to notice whether their partners are
pleased or upset and encourage them to
continue using nonverbal cues.
A
PEOPLE-ORIENTED LISTENER
13
Q
- Focuses on the ultimate point the speaker is
trying to make. - Tend to get frustrated when ideas are
disorganized and when the person rambles. - Often anticipate what the speaker is going to
say and may even finish their sentence for
them.
A
ACTION-ORIENTED LISTENER
14
Q
- Prefer brief and hurried conversations and
often use nonverbal and verbal cues to signal
that the speaker needs to be more concise. - may tell others exactly how much time they
have to listen, interrupt when time pressured,
regularly check the time, or rapidly nod their
heads for the speaker to pick up the pace.
A
TIME-ORIENTED LISTENER
15
Q
- The habitual and unconscious process of
receiving messages. - May only attend to certain parts of the
message and assume the rest.
A
PASSIVE LISTENING
16
Q
- Deliberate and conscious process of attending
to, understanding, remembering, evaluations,
and responding to messages.
A
ACTIVE LISTENING
17
Q
- The process of intentionally perceiving and focusing on
a message.
A
ATTENDING
18
Q
- Accurately interpreting a message.
A
UNDERSTANDING
19
Q
Paraphrasing that Focuses on the denotative
meaning of the message.
A
content paraphrase
20
Q
paraphrasing that Focuses on the emotions
attached to the message.
A
feelings paraphrase
21
Q
______ is intellectually identifying with the
feelings or attitudes of another person.
A
empathy
22
Q
experiences an emotional
response parallel to the
other person’s emotions.
A
emphatic responsiveness
23
Q
Using everything the listener
knows about the speaker
and their circumstances to
understand their feelings.
A
perspective taking
24
Q
it translates our
intellectual understanding of
what the speaker has
experienced into feelings of
concern, compassion, or
sorrow for that person.
A
sympathetic responsiveness
25
* Ability to retain and recall information later.
remembering
26
* Critically analyzing a message to determine the
truthfulness, utility, and trustworthiness of it.
* Involves ascertaining the accuracy of facts.
evaluating
27
Providing feedback.
responding
28
______ _______Response Strategies
- Supportive responses encourage the other
person to talk about and make sense of a
distressing situation.
emotional support
29
_____ ______ Response Strategies
- When the comforter cannot agree with the
speaker, this will be the most effective if they
clearly demonstrate respect.
constructive criticism
30
______ _______ ______ Critique Strategies
- To be respectful, honest, and helpful.
- Must use the “I” language, be specific, and
identify what the speaker did well before
suggesting improvement.
formal constructive speech
31
Interactions that
occur between two
people to help build,
maintain, and
sometimes end
interpersonal
relationships.
interpersonal comm
32
● Sets of expectations
two people have for
each other based on
their previous
interactions.
● Helps satisfy our
innate human need
to feel connected
with others.
interpersonal relationships
33
* People we know by name.
* Interactions are mostly impersonal.
impersonal communication.
acquaintances
34
Interchangeable chit-chat.
impersonal comm
35
– attempting to maintain a
positive self-image in a relational situation.
saving face
36
People who we have voluntarily negotiated more
personal relationships with.
friends
37
* People who we share a high degree of
interdependence, commitment, disclosure,
understanding, affection, and trust.
intimates
38
Partners are not sexually attracted to
each other or do not act on an
attraction they feel.
platonic rs
39
- Partners acknowledge their sexual
attraction.
romantic rs
40
* Conceptualised by Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor.
* Describes the different kinds of self-disclosure used in
relationships.
social penetration theory
41
* Made by J__ L__ and Harry Ingham (1970).
* A window of four panes with information about you.
johari window
JOE LUFT
42
________ created the Relationship Filtering Model.
STEVE DUCK
43
consists of communication
strategies used to keep a relationship going smoothly
and satisfactorily.
RELATION MAINTENANCE
44
DECLINING AND DISSOLVING
RELATIONSHIPS
COMING APART
45
- The first sign that the relationship is coming
apart.
- Communication decreases in quantity and
quality.
CIRCUMSCRIBING
46
- Interacting without enthusiasm or emotion.
STAGNATING
47
Creating a physical distance and making
excuses not to do things together.
AVOIDING
48
is when people attempt to
explain why the relationship failed.
GRAVE-DRESSING
49
Although the relationship ended, partners
may still interact through a different type of
relationship called
RELATIONSHIP TRANSFORMATION
50
* Coined by Joe Walther (1996).
* Describes the phenomenon of “putting our best foot
forward” and assuming our online partner is similar to
us.
HYPERPERSONAL COMM
51
* The use of many different mediums to maintain
relationships.
MEDIA MULTIPLEXITY
52
The tension between conflicting forces.
DIALECTICS
53
The competing psychological tensions existing in
relationships.
RELATIONAL DIALECTICS
54
the desire to do things
independently.
AUTONOMY
55
the desire to link your actions
and desires to your partner.
CONNECTION
56
the desire to share intimate
ideas and feelings.
OPENNESS
57
the desire to keep intimate
ideas and feelings to yourself.
CLOSEDNESS
58
the desire for originality and
uniqueness in you or your partner’s behaviour
or the relationship.
NOVELTY
59
the desire for consistency,
reliability, and dependability.
PREDICTABILITY
60
Choosing one desire and ignoring its opposite
for the time being.
TEMPORAL SLECTION
61
Choosing a certain topic to satisfy one desire
and other topics to satisfy the opposite.
TOPICAL SEGMENTATION
62
Compromising between the desires of both
partners.
NEUTRALISATION
63
Changing your perspective about the opposing
desire so they no longer seem contradictory.
REFRAMING
64
* By P_____ (2013)
* Describes the decision-making process we go through
as we choose whether or not to disclose confidential;
information about ourselves or about others.
COMMUNICATION PRIVACY MANAGEMENT THEORY
65
Choosing to maintain privacy by changing the
subject, masking your feelings, or practicing
strategic ambiguity.
INDIRECT STRATEGIES
66
Establishing a personal boundary to people
who expect you to disclose information or
feelings you prefer to keep private.
DIRECT STRATEGIES
67
Submitting to another's demands while concealing
one's desires and expectations.
PASSIVE COMM STYLE
68
A COMMUNICATION STYLE WHERE Attacking another person’s self-concept and/or
expressing hostility in order to inflict pain.
AGGRESSIVE COMM STYLE
69
________ COMMUNICATION STYLE
* Uses messages that .describe personal needs, rights,
desires, and expectations honestly and directly in ways
that also demonstrates respect and value.
ASSERTIVE
70
* Physically or psychologically removing yourself from
the conflict.
AVOIDING (LOSE-LOSE)
71
* Satisfying the needs or accepting the opinions while
neglecting your own.
ACCOMMODATING (LOSE-WIN)
72
* Satisfying your own needs and having no desire or
concern for the needs of others in the relationship.
COMPETING (WIN-LOSE)
73
* Both partners give up part of their desire to satisfy each
other.
COMPROMISING, PARTIAL LOSE-LOSE
74
* Working through the problem together to discover a
mutually satisfying solution.
COLLABORATING (WIN-WIN)
75
_______FAMILIES
- Issues are not discussed and are decided by
the family authority figure.
PROTECTIVE
76
_______ FAMILIES
- All members discuss issues but the family
authority figure makes the final decision.
CONSENSUAL
77
_______ FAMILIES
- All members discuss issues and everyone
participates in the decision making.
PLURALISTIC
78
_______ FAMILIES
- All members may discuss issues, but each
member makes their own decision and is
responsible for its consequences.
LAISSEZ-FAIRE
79
_______ are formulated to help the group meet its
goals and conduct its conversations.
Ground rules
80
_______ is multiplying the force of a group of
individuals working together which results in combined
effort greater than any of the parts.
Synergy
81
_____ STAGE
* Characterised by orientation, testing and dependence.
FORMING
82
_______ STAGE
* Characterised by conflict and power plays.
* The politeness from the previous stage may be
replaced with aggressive echanges.
STORMING
83
_______ is a deterioration of mental efficiency,
reality testing, and moral judgement. This happens if
the group does not storm.
Groupthink
84
_______ STAGE
* Characterised by increased cohesion, collaboration,
and motivation.
* Members come to appreciate their differences and
strengthen their relationships.
NORMING
85
______ STAGE
* Characterised by harmony, productivity,
problem-solving and shared leadership.
PERFORMING
86
______ STAGE
* Characterised by celebrating goal accomplishment.
* Some groups may disband after the goal is completed
ADJOURNING
87
_____-CONFLICT
* Occurs when group members who actua;;u agree about
something believe they disagree due to poor
communication.
PSEUDO-CONFLICT
88
_______________ CONFLICT
* Occurs when two or more group members’ goals,
ideas, or opinions about the topic are incompatible.
ISSUE-RELATED GROUP
89
__________ GROUP CONFLICT
* Occurs when two or more members become defensive
because they feel like they are being attacked.
PERSONALITY-RELATED
90
_________ AND CONFLICT
* It is more difficult to catch the subtle meanings of
members’ messages.
VIRTUAL GROUPS
91
Information and opinion _____
- Provides content for the discussion.
givers
92
Information and opinion _____
- Probe others for their ideas and opinions.
seekers
93
Information and opinion _______
- Scrutinise the content and reasoning
- Help members understand the statements.
analyzers
94
______
* Helps the group develop and maintain cohesion,
commitment, and positive working relationships.
MAINTENANCE ROLES
95
- Keeps track of the group’s objectives and
helps move the group through the agenda.
Expediters
96
- Make sure all members have an opportunity to
participate.
Gatekeepers
97
- Take careful notes of group discussions and
decisions.
- Distribute copies of their notes prior to the next
meeting.
- These notes can be published as minutes.
RECORDERS
98
______is a very short document that describes
the problem, background, process, decision, and
rationale. Most are one or two pages long.
Written brief
99
_________t is a written document that
provides a detailed review of the problem-solving
process used to arrive at the recommendation.
Comprehensive reporT
100
_____ is a summary of a written brief delivered
verbally.
Oral brief
101
______ is similar to a comprehensive report. More
detailed review of the group’s problem-solving process.
Oral report
102
___________n is a structured problem-solving
discussion held by a group in front of an audience.
Panel discussioN
103
is a computer0mediated
audiovisual presentation of the group’s process and
outcome that can be received through email.
Remote access report (RAR)
