MIDTERM

Question 1

are devices that increases the energy of the charged particles like protons, deuterons (H2), tritons (H3) and alpha particles to enable the nuclear reaction upon impact with a target.

Answer 1

Accelerator

Question 2

what are the 2 types of accelerator that produces radionuclide

Answer 2

cyclotron or linear accelator

Question 3

enables the nuclear reaction upon impact with the target

Answer 3

protons
deuterons (H2)
tritons (H3)
alpha particles

Question 4

produces radionuclide

Answer 4

accelerator

Question 5

used to block and absorb neutrons; has a very high flux of neutron

Answer 5

paraffin wax

Question 6

device for accelerating charged particles to high energy using magnetic and oscillating electrostatic fields causing the particle to move in a spiral path with increasing energy

Answer 6

cyclotron

Question 7

who developed the cyclotron and what year was it developed

Answer 7

Ernest O. Lawrence
1930’s

Question 8

consists of a hollow metal electrodes called “DEES” between the poles of a large electromagnet

Answer 8

cyclotron

Question 9

spiral path

Answer 9

cyclotron

Question 10

circle path

Answer 10

betatron

Question 11

changes polarity; + to - or - to +

Answer 11

oscillator

Question 12

when there is no space for the ions to rotate around the DEES it will directly go to the ____

Answer 12

window

Question 13

2 methods of production of Radionuclide in a nuclear reactor

Answer 13

1. Neutron Activation or Thermal Neutron Reactor
2. Fission Product Separation

Question 14

the core of a nuclear reactor has a very high flux of neutrons that are produced in a self sustaining nuclear chain reaction.

Answer 14

neutron activation

Question 15

when the neutron strike a target, some of the neutrons are captured by the nuclei of the target atom and become radioactive

Answer 15

neutron activation

Question 16

when the neutron strike a _____, some of the neutrons are captured by the nuclei of the target atom and become ______

Answer 16

target
radioactive

Question 17

incident particle is also known as

Answer 17

neutron

Question 18

when protons or neutrons are added in the nucleus it becomes _____

Answer 18

unstable

Question 19

when the nucleus becomes unstable it emits _______ and be more _____

Answer 19

prompt gamma
radioactive

Question 20

release gamma rays until it becomes of stable

Answer 20

-B

Question 21

physics of nuclear bombs

Answer 21

Fission Product Separation

Question 22

the fission process itself results in the production of lighter radionuclides of unequal mass some of which are in nuclear medicine

Answer 22

Fission Product Separation

Question 23

What elements creates chain reaction

Answer 23

Ba 141 (56)- Barium
Kr 92 (36)- Krypton

Question 24

what are used for making atomic bombs (ie. element)

Answer 24

U 235 (92)
Reactor

Question 25

is a system that provides a radionuclide by radioactive decay. This system locally produced a relatively short half-life product (daughter)

Answer 25

genrator

Question 26

a radionuclide generator is a radioactive series in which a short-lived (daughter) isotope is produced for a decay of a longer lived (parent) isotope

Answer 26

Generator Produced Radionuclide

Question 27

Element, that is most commonly used in Nuclear Medicine (daughter element)

Answer 27

`Technetium 99- Tc99m

Question 28

what is the half-life of Tc99m

Answer 28

6 hrs

Question 29

what is the half life of Mo99; (parent element)

Answer 29

66 hrs

Question 30

Consist of a longer-lived parent and a shorter wavelength daughter

Answer 30

Radionuclide Generators

Question 31

The ___ product will still have a useful half-life for clinical applications

Answer 31

daughter

Question 32

What are the most important generator system

Answer 32

Molybdenum/ Tc-99m Generator System

Question 33

is called a radioisotope "cow", which is a radioactive parent decays a radioactive daughter

Answer 33

radionuclide generator

Question 34

radioisotope is also known as "____"

Answer 34

cow

Question 35

often colloquially referred to as "COWS" as they are milked to obtain radionuclide is covered by lead (Pb) to reduce radiation

Answer 35

Radionuclide Generators

Question 36

Mo-99 (parent) = ____

Answer 36

cow

Question 37

Tc-99m (daughter)= ______

Answer 37

milk

Question 38

the process made by Tc-99m (milk) & Mo-99 (cow) is called _____

Answer 38

milking

Question 39

process

Answer 39

`elution

Question 40

saline solution

Answer 40

eluant

Question 41

radioactive daughter

Answer 41

eluate

Question 42

produced by a nuclear reactor genertor

Answer 42

radioactive parent Mo-99

Question 43

fission products comes a ____

Answer 43

radioactive daughterTc-99m

Question 44

_____ doesn't contain any lead

Answer 44

saline solution

Question 45

are physicians who use radioactive materials to diagnose and treat disease

Answer 45

Nuclear Medicine Radiologist

Question 46

also known as

Answer 46

Nuclear Medicine Radiologist

Question 47

work with nuclear instrumentation and radiation dosimery

Answer 47

Nuclear Medicine Physicist

Question 48

once known as radiopharmacist specialize in preparing, dispensing, and distributing radiopharmaceuticals or radioactive drugs

Answer 48

Nuclear Pharmacist

Question 49

works closely with the nuclear medicine radiologist. may prepare and administer radiopharmaceuticals, perform imaging procedures, enhancing images utilizing a computer and analyzes biomedical specimen

Answer 49

Nuclear Medicine Technologist

Question 50

he/she also performs statistical analysis of the data and must digitally process the images.

Answer 50

Nuclear Medicine technologist

Question 51

what are the key responsibilities of nuclear medicine technologists

Answer 51

patient safety accurate documentation

Question 52

he/she reviews the imaging protocols used in the nuclear medicine department and reviewing all dosimetry records for the faciiity

Answer 52

Radiation Safety Officer

Question 53

he/she served on the radiation safety committee

Answer 53

Radiation Safety Officer