Midterm Flashcards
Name a limited circumstance to tax exemptions.
Status Indians living and working on reserves
What is a worldview?
A set of fundamental beliefs, values, determining or constituting a comprehensive outlook on the world; a perspective on life
What is cultural relativity?
An understanding and respect for cultural practices of Indigenous groups in their own cultural contexts.
What is positionality?
An acknowledgement of your relative position of privilege
Name 4 socio-economic challenges facing Indigenous Peoples.
- Low-Income Status
- Low post-secondary education rates
- High unemployement rate
- High rate of homicide
Explain the Age of Discovery/ Age of Exploration.
In the mid 15th-16th centuries, Europeans explores, colonized, and conquered various regions across the globe.
Explain the Age of Imperialism.
Between the 15th and 18th centuries, major European countries established primarily colonial empires.
What is a Papal Bull?
Papal Bulls are authorizations from the pope to colonize. Accorded primarily to Portugal and Spain, these written authorizations allowed explorers to reduce those “opposed to Christ” to slavery and to use their resources for their own benefit.
What is the state of nature? How do Hobbes and Locke describe it?
The real condition of human beings before or without political association.
Hobbes: “war of every man against every man,” (violent competition based in self interest)
Locke: rights to life, liberty, and property are natural rights that precede the establishment ofcivil society (more peaceful)
What is Kungax?
A spiritual song, dance, or performance which ties them (Gitxsan) to their land.
What is Adaak?
Personal bloodline stories told orally.
What is the Ojibwe Medicine Wheel?
Highlights the circular notion of life. The four elements are brought together to bring balance. Shows how everything is connected.
What is the Midwinter ceremony? (5)
Marks the start of the New Year for the Haudenosaunee.
- the speaker of the longhouse gives thanksgiving address
- songs & dancing to give thanks to the natural world
- ashes turned over to replenish the Earth (symbolic)
- babies are given their traditional names
- traditional feast every day
What is the Sundance ceremony? (3)
A physical and spiritual test offered in sacrifice for their people in order to reunite the Earth with the Spirits.
- dancers dance around a pole for many days (previously fasted)
- friends & family pray in support of the dancers
- dancers will sometimes be pierced in the chest
Explain “all my relations”.
Web of kinship to extended family, animals, birds. Encourages people to respect, live peacefully with those around, and accept the responsibilities we have.