midterm Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
a stable internal environment
A
homeostasis
2
Q
The three purposes of skin
A
Protection, secretion, and communication
3
Q
The part of the skin that’s exposed to the environment
A
Epidermis
4
Q
The protein that strengthens and hardens cells of skin
A
Keratin
5
Q
The pigment responsible for skin color
A
Melanin
6
Q
The second layer of skin
A
dermis
7
Q
The third layer of skin
A
Subcutaneous layer
8
Q
skin is the main organ of what
A
Integumentary system
9
Q
The long-term problem from constant exposure to sunrays
A
Skin cancer
10
Q
The oil that waterproofs skin and keeps it soft and flexible
A
sebum
11
Q
The most dangerous form of skin cancer
A
Malignant melanoma
12
Q
The removal of waste substances from the body
A
Excretion
13
Q
The most important excretory organ
A
Kidneys
14
Q
The process of returning water and important molecules to the blood during filtration
A
Reabsorption
15
Q
The liquid waste of the body
A
Urine
16
Q
The system that communicates using hormones
A
Endocrine system
17
Q
The units kidneys are made of
A
Nephrons
18
Q
The enzyme that raises blood pressure
A
renin
19
Q
The hormone that controls water reabsorption
A
ADH
20
Q
The process in which a machine does the work of a kidney
A
Dialysis
21
Q
The chemical messengers of the body
A
Hormones
22
Q
what is the master gland?
A
Pituitary gland
23
Q
what is the growth hormone?
A
Somatotropin
24
Q
what is the hormone that controls metabolism?
A
Thyroxine
25
what is the swelling of a gland in the neck due to the lack of iodine?
Simple goiter
26
what is the gland that produces insulin and glucagon?
islets of langerhans
27
The disease that results when the body doesn’t produce or respond to insulin
diabetes mellitus
28
this hormone tells the liver to add glucose back to the blood
glucagon
29
The hormone that causes you to feel sleepy
Melatonin
30
The gland that produces melatonin
Pineal gland
31
The time of physical transition from child to adult
Adolescence
32
The system responsible for the continuation of the human race
Reproductive system
33
The male reproductive Hormone
Testosterone
34
The female reproductive organ (Houses the eggs)
Ovaries
35
place where the unborn child develops
uterus
36
moment of fertilization for humans
conception (moment life begins)
37
The 38 to 40 week period from conception to birth
Gestation
38
9-40ish weeks the baby is known as
fetus
39
what life is called the first eight weeks of development
Embryo
40
what connects the placenta to the baby
umbilical cord
41
What is the process of birth?
Labor
42
what is the study of living things?
Biology
43
what is the root system with one large root?
Taproot system
44
What is the type of plant whose flowers produce seeds covered with fruit?
angiosperm
45
what is a plant that lives for a single growing season?
Annual
46
What is a plant that loses his sleeves during the winter?
Deciduous
47
What is the visible part of the plant?
Shoot system
48
What are the developing leaf or stem structures?
Buds
49
Organisms that produce their own food
Producers/ autotrophs
50
The process of plants making their own food
Photosynthesis
51
transfer of pollen from statement to pistol
Pollination
52
reproductive cells
gametes
53
Union of sperm and egg cells
Fertilization
54
Fruit that is fleshy and juicy throughout
Berry
55
Fruit of the grass family
Grain
56
The period of inactivity for seeds
Dormancy
57
Growth in length of a plant
Primary growth
58
older, inner wood, that no longer conducts sap
Heartwood
59
Thick, horizontal underground stems
Rhizome
60
The special stem used for protection
Thorn
61
What covers the end of a root?
Root cap
62
One way diffusion through a semi permeable membrane
Osmosis
63
A seed not covered by the walls of an ovary
Gymnosperm
64
Uses both sexual and asexual reproduction for a plant
Alternation of generations
65
Tiny hair like threads that take the place of roots for mosses
rhizoids
66
The smallest of green chlorophyll containing organisms
Algae
67
The largest of the brown algae
Kelp
68
Organisms that get nutrients from other organisms that they feed on
Parasites
69
an organism that obtains its nutrients from feeding on dead or decaying things
saprophyte
70
A group of organs that perform a job for the body
System
71
The body’s defense against foreign invaders
Immune system
72
Provide support and rigidity for the body
Skeletal system
73
Responsible for the continuation of the human race
Reproductive system
74
Nonliving material surrounding cells
Matrix
75
Tissue that Connect bone to bone
Ligament
76
Tough rubbery substance that cushions the joints
Cartilage
77
The longest bone in the body
Femur
78
Strong cable of fibers that connects muscles and bones
Tendon
79
The type of bone used for protection
Flat bone
80
The part of the body that manufactures red and white blood cell cells
Red bone marrow
80
Most freely movable joints in the body
Ball and socket
81
The muscle cells in the heart
Cardiac
82
The largest and strongest muscle in the body
Gluteus maximus
83
The degeneration of muscles through the lack of use
Atrophy
84
The enlargement of muscle muscles through
use
Hypertrophy
85
The principal organ of the nervous system
Brain
86
Contains the brain and spinal cord
Central nervous System
87
These rarely reproduce
Neuron
87
The inability of a muscle to move
Paralysis
88
Characterized by tremors and stiffness
Parkinson’s disease
89
The simplest act of the nervous system
Reflex
90
The complex muscle coordination is done here
Cerebellum
91
Says that a person’s actions can be completely explained by a person stimuli
Behaviorism
92
Has symptom similar to dementia - serious
Alzheimer’s
93
Organs responsible for taste
Taste buds
94
Connect the nose to the brain
Olfactory nerve
95
Nerve that Connects the eyes to the brain
Optic nerve
96
The cell in your eye that allows you to see color
Cones
97
The chemical processes of life/body
Metabolism
98
Cells in your eye that allows you to see shades of gray and black-and-white only
Rods
99
The most important energy producing compound
Carbohydrate
100
Characterized by their insolubility in water
Lipids
101
The building block of protein
Amino acids
102
These crush break and grind food
Teeth
103
The most common disease in man
Cavities/dental caries
104
The primary organ in digestion
Small intestine
105
a series of automatic, wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract,
peristalsis
106
signals the liver to remove glucose from the blood
Insulin
107
infection of the colon
dysentery
108
Largest percent of the blood is what
Plasma
109
Two low blood pressure causes what
Circulatory shock
110
The disorder from two little oxygen being transported to the blood
Anemia
111
Part of the blood that is part of the immune system
White blood cells
112
What is the universal reciprocant?
AB positive
113
What is the universal donor?
O negative
114
What is the world’s most efficient pump?
Heart
115
What is the largest artery?
Aorta
116
The thick walled blood vessels that bring blood away from the heart
Artery
117
The flow of blood to the kidneys
Renal circulation
118
circulation of blood to the muscles of the heart
coronary circulation
119
circulation to the liver
portal circulation
120
high blood pressure
hypertension
121
the small flexible air modules at the end of the bronchioles
alveoli
122
most common respitory illness
common cold
123
when a persons blood won’t clot
hemophilia
124
other group of hormones produced by the adrenal glands
steroids
