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My Foundations 2 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

tunica intima layer synthesizes: VATTT-NP

A
  • von Willebrand factor (vWF)
  • ADP
  • Tissue factor
  • Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor
  • Thromboxane A2
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Prostacyclin
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2
Q

Necessary cofactor for adherence of platelets to the subendothelial layer

A

Von Willebrand factor

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3
Q

Activates the clotting cascade pathway when injury to the vessel occurs

A

Tissue factor

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4
Q

Control blood flow by vasoconstriction

A
  • Thromboxane A2

- Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

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5
Q

Control blood flow by vasodilation

A
  • Nitric oxide

- Prostacyclin

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6
Q

Suppress activation of coagulation system

A

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor

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7
Q

potent and important stimulus for platelet attachment

A

Collagen

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8
Q

facilitates anchoring of fibrin during formation of hemostatic plug

A

Fibronectin

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9
Q

Formed in the bone marrow? daily use, survival?

A

Pletelets

7,000/day

8-12 days

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10
Q

Adequate hemostasis is not possible in the absence of activated _______.

A

platelets

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11
Q

Vessel Injury and Clot Formation sequence

A
  • Disruption of endothelial lining
  • Vessel wall contraction - Immediate
  • ANS reflex
  • Thromboxane A2
  • ADP
  • Adhesion-
  • Activation- > formation of primary plug
  • Aggregation-
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12
Q

Adhesion - Formation of the Primary Plug

A
  1. vWF mobilizes from the endothelial cells
  2. Glycoprotein Ib (GpIb) receptors emerge from the surface of the platelet
  3. GpIb attaches to vWF and attracts additional platelets to the endothelial lining
  4. vWF makes platelets “sticky” and allows them to adhere to site of injury
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13
Q

______________ causes the platelet to undergo a conformational change and become “activated”.

A

Tissue factor

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14
Q

factors that don’t come from the liver (4)

A

tissue factor (III)
calcium (IV)
thromboplastin (XI)
Von willebrand (vWF)

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15
Q

factors that are vitamin K dependent (4)

A

Prothrombin (II)
Proconvertin (VII)
Christmas (IX)
Stuart Prower (X)

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16
Q

factor that forms a clot

A

fibrinogen (I)

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17
Q

Prothrombin activates (6):

A

I, V, VII, XIII, platelets, protein C

II

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18
Q

Cofactor of VII (2)

A 
Tissue factor (III)
Thromboplastin
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19
Q

Factor Promotes clotting reactions

A

calcium (IV)

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20
Q

Cofactor X, forms a prothrombinase complex

A

Proaccelerin (V)

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21
Q

Factor thats unassigned

A

VI

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22
Q

Proconvertin (VII) activates?

A

IX and X

VII

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23
Q

Cofactor to IX

A

Antihemophiliac (VIII)

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24
Q

Factor that activates X

Study These Flashcards
A

Christmas (IX)

25
Activates II, forms a prothrombinase complex with V
Stuart-Prower (X)
26
factor that Activates IX
Plasma (XI) | -thromboplastin and antecedent
27
factor that activates XI
Hageman (XII)
28
factor that crosslinks fibrin
fibrin stabilizing (XIII)
29
Factor that activates XII, Cleaves HMWK (not a number factor)
Fletcher (Prekalikrein)
30
factor that supports activation of prekalikrein, XI, XII (not a number factor)
Contact activation factor (High-molecular-weight kininogen) (HMWK)
31
What factors make up extrinsic pathway (2)
III - Tisssue factor (thromboplastin) | VII
32
Mneumonic for Factors
First Person Told Cancer Leads Sickness, Another Chap Said Protein High Fat Factor I: Fibrinogen (First) Factor II: Prothrombin (Person) Factor III: Tissue thromboplastin or Tissue factor (Told) Factor IV: Calcium (Cancer) Factor V: Labile factor (Leads), Proaccelerin Factor VI: NOT COUNTED Factor VII: Stable factor (Sickness), Proconvertin Factor VIII: Anti-hemophilic factor A (Another) Factor IX: Christmas factor (Chap), Anti-hemophilic factor B Factor X: Stuart power factor (Said), Autoprothrombin III Factor XI: Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent or PTA (Protein) Factor XII: Hageman factor (High), Glass or contact factor Factor XIII: Fibrin stabilizing factor or Fibrinase (Fat)
33
Initiated when damage occurs to blood vessel itself. Initiated by?
intrinsic pathway prekallikrein and HMWK
34
What factors make up intrinsic pathway (4)
Factor VIII Factor IX Factor XI Factor XII
35
Which pathway dependant upon calcium?
Common pathway
36
3 G's of herbal meds that interfere with coagulation
Ginger Garlic Ginko
37
Hemophilia type A factor, Type B factor?
VIII IX
38
Formation of, and activation of what in common pathway?
Formation of: -Xv complex (prothrombinase) Activation of: - I - II - XIII
39
____________ together with _______________________ secure the initial clot as a stable secondary plug and bleeding stops.
Fibrin (Factor Ia) Fibrin stabilizing factor (Factor XIII)
40
Important step for both pathways
Conversion of Prothrombin to thrombin
41
exists to degrade fibrin
Fibrinolytic system
42
In the fibrinolytic system: _______, which first acted as a coagulant, now act as an anticoagulant and activates other anticoagulant mediators.
Thrombin
43
Antithrombin III corrals which clotting factors?
IX, X, XI, XII
44
Protein C and Protein S inhibit which factors in fibrinolytic system
III, V, VIII
45
Degrades fibrin into fibrin degradation products
plasmin
46
Measures platelet function
Bleeding time
47
prolonged in intrinsic and common pathway disorders
PTT
48
prolonged in extrinsic and common pathway disorders
PT
49
measures global hemostasis
thromboelastogram
50
Aspirin works on?
Thromboxane A2, inhibiting platelets
51
clopidogrel works on?
ADP, inhibiting platelets
52
thrombolytics work on?
plasmin
53
FFP contains?
All factors
54
Cryo contains?
I, VIII, XIII, vWF
55
LMWH MOA
LMWH inhibits coagulation by activating antithrombin III. Antithrombin III binds to and inhibits factor Xa. In doing so it prevents activation of the final common path; Xa inactivation means that prothrombin is not activated to thrombin, thereby not converting fibrinogen into fibrin for the formation of a clot
56
Most common inherited coagulation disorder
vWF (synthesized in epithelial cells and megakaryocytes)
57
vWF has two main functions:
- Facilitate platelet adhesion | - Behave as a plasma carrier for factor VIII
58
LMWH therapy who develops a decrease of greater than 50% in platelet count from baseline or total platelet count of less than 100,000 per mm3 with normal baseline counts
HIT
59
sickle cell disease management intra-op
includes providing adequate hydration, promoting adequate oxygen saturation, ensuring normothermia, maintaining acid-base balance, and providing proper patient positioning. Supplying adequate analgesia may interrupt intraoperative and postoperative sickle cell crisis.

My Foundations 2 (10 decks)

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