Midterm

Question 1

Which of the following is true of skeletal muscle?

a. Skeletal muscle fibers are more tightly connected than cardiac muscle fibers.
b. It is composed of intercalated discs.
c. It is a voluntary muscle.
d. Skeletal muscle fibers are shorter than cardiac muscle fibers.

Answer 1

c. It is a voluntary muscle.

Question 2

What is the term for the client’s pulse found on their wrist?

Answer 2

Radial pulse

Question 3

During the pushing assessment, the client’s shoulders elevate, what strengthening exercise is most appropriate?

Answer 3

Ball cobra

Question 4

What is the focus in stage II of cardiorespiratory training?

Answer 4

Increasing capacity needed for Strength-Level exercise

Question 5

Which of the following is a formula that determines a client’s target heart rate during exercise?

Answer 5

Heart rate reserve (HRR) method

Question 6

Which of the following involves performing exercises in a superset sequence?

a. Aerobic Endurance Training
b. Anaerobic Endurance Training
c. Strength Endurance Training
d. Speed Endurance Training

Answer 6

c. Strength Endurance Training

Question 7

What gland releases growth hormone during childhood up until puberty?

Answer 7

Pituitary gland

Question 8

In the endocrine system, which of the following secretes hormones such as corticosteroids and catecholamines in response to stress?

a. Adrenal gland
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pineal gland
d. Thyroid gland

Answer 8

a. Adrenal gland

Question 9

Which of the following is a catabolic hormone secreted by the adrenal glands and serves to maintain energy supply through the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and protein?

a. Norepinephrine
b. Insulin
c. Cortisol
d. Testosterone

Answer 9

C. Cortisol

Question 10

Which of the following is made up of the upper and lower extremities as well as the shoulder and pelvic girdles and encompasses approximately 126 bones?

a. Articular cartilage
b. Appendicular skeleton
c. Epiphyseal plate
d. Vertebral column

Answer 10

b. Appendicular skeleton

Question 11

In which of the following structures are water and chemicals exchanged between the blood and tissues?

a. Atrioventricular node
b. Venules
c. Capillaries Correct
d. Sinoatrial node

Answer 11

c. Capillaries

Question 12

Dysfunctional breathing results in an increase in the activity level of which of the following secondary respiratory muscles?

a. Rectus abdominis
b. Internal oblique
c. Diaphragm
d. Scalenes

Answer 12

d. Scalenes

Question 13

What usually happens after 90 minutes of exercise?

Answer 13

The majority of muscle glycogen stores are depleted

Question 14

Which of the following is true of glycogen?

a. It is a complex carbohydrate that can be rapidly broken down into glucose.
b. It is used by the body during short-duration, low-intensity activities.
c. It is the chemical or substrate form in which most fat exist.
d. It is a form of glucose stored predominantly in the epidermal cells

Answer 14

a. It is a complex carbohydrate that can be rapidly broken down into glucose.

Question 15

As the velocity of a muscular contraction increases, the ability to produce force increases for which part of the muscle action spectrum?

Answer 15

Eccentric

Question 16

The force-velocity curve describes the relationship between which of the following?

Answer 16

Muscle force and the velocity of contraction

Question 17

Around which axis does frontal plane motion occur?

Answer 17

Anterior-posterior

Question 18

Which muscle action occurs when a muscle is exerting force greater than the resistive force, resulting in shortening of the muscle?

Answer 18

Concentric

Question 19

Which plane bisects the body into right and left sides?

Answer 19

Sagittal plane

Question 20

During the overhead squat assessment, which areas should the fitness professional focus on from the anterior view?

Answer 20

Feet and knees

Question 21

Which of the following assessments is the MOST appropriate to evaluate any shoulder complex compensations?

a. L.E.F.T. test, lateral view
b. Overheard squat assessment, anterior view
c. Pushing assessment, lateral view
d. Shark skill test, anterior view

Answer 21

C. Pushing assessment, lateral view

Question 22

If a client’s feet turn out during the overhead squat assessment, what muscle would be considered underactive?

Answer 22

d. Medial gastrocnemius

Question 23

Which of the following concepts is demonstrated when a tight psoas decreases the neural drive of the gluteus maximus?

a. Altered reciprocal inhibition
b. Synergistic dominance
c. Pattern overload
d. Arthrokinetic dysfunction

Answer 23

a. Altered reciprocal inhibition

Question 24

Which term refers to the capability of soft tissues to be elongated or stretched?

a. Septicity
b. Extensibility
c. Miscibility
d. Plasticity

Answer 24

b. Extensibility

Question 25

What is designed to increase joint range of motion (ROM), improve muscle imbalances, and correct altered joint motion, and is used in Phase 1 of the OPT model?

Answer 25

Corrective flexibility

Question 26

Which term is defined as the normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allow the full range of motion of a joint? a. Flexibility b. Neuromuscular efficiency c. Extensibility d. Dynamic range of motion

Answer 26

a. Flexibility

Question 27

Which method of cardio should be avoided for a client who demonstrates low-back arching as a movement compensation?

Answer 27

Bicycles

Question 28

Which of the following best describes when a person is ready to move to stage II cardiorespiratory training from stage I? a. Client can maintain a zone 1 heart rate for 10 minutes. b. Client can maintain a zone 1 heart rate for 15 minutes. c. Client can maintain a zone 1 heart rate for 20 minutes. d. Client can maintain a zone 1 heart rate for 30 minutes.

Answer 28

d. Client can maintain a zone 1 heart rate for 30 minutes.

Question 29

Which of the following is a core-stabilization exercise? a. Ball crunch b. Cable rotation c. Floor prone cobra d. Rotation chest pass

Answer 29

c. Floor prone cobra

Question 30

Which of the following exercises is most appropriate for the goal of improving neuromuscular efficiency and intervertebral stability? a. Incline reverse crunch b. Prone iso-abs c. Back extension d. Overhead medicine ball throws

Answer 30

b. Prone iso-abs

Question 31

A client experiences difficulty in performing the prone iso-abs exercise. Which of the following should be suggested as an regression? a. Quadruped arm and opposite leg raise b. Cable rotation c. Rolling active resistance row d. Cable chop

Answer 31

a. Quadruped arm and opposite leg raise

Question 32

Which of the following is a precaution that should be taken while performing the reverse crunch exercise? a. Avoid rounding the lower back when performing the exercise. b. Avoid swinging the legs when performing the exercise. c. Keep the chin tucked while performing the exercise. d. Avoid a large stride length to protect the low back.

Answer 32

b. Avoid swinging the legs when performing the exercise.

Question 33

A client is able to successfully reach their shins when performing the single-leg squat touchdown. What is the next progression this client should work toward for this exercise?

Answer 33

Reaching all the way to the foot.

Question 34

James performs a multiplanar lunge to balance. After first stepping out into the lunge, which of the following should he perform as the next step in this exercise? a. Hold the lunge for 5 seconds b. Push off the front foot through the heel c. Hold balance on the back leg d. Rotate 90 degrees

Answer 34

b. Push off the front foot through the heel

Question 35

Which of the following balance exercises is appropriate for a client training in Phase 1 of the OPT model? a. Single-leg box hop-down b. Single-leg squat touchdown c. Single-leg box hop-up d. Single-leg balance reach

Answer 35

d. Single-leg balance reach

Question 36

Which of the following is a balance-strength exercise that requires an individual to lift one leg directly beside the balance leg and then bend from waist to slowly reach hand toward the toes of the balance leg? a. Single-leg squat touchdown b. Single-leg squat c. Single-leg Romanian deadlift d. Single-leg balance reach

Answer 36

c. Single-leg Romanian deadlift

Question 37

What is the balance-stabilization exercise that involves lifting one leg directly beside the balance leg while maintaining optimal alignment including level hips and shoulders and holding this position for 5-20 seconds?

Answer 37

Single-leg balance