MIDTERM ANTIPROTOZOAL

Question 1

caused by intestinal invasion of the trophozoite stage of the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 1

amebiasis

Question 2

mosquito that is essential to the life cycle of Plasmodium

Answer 2

Anopheles mosquito

Question 3

syndrome of quinine toxicity

nausea,
vomiting, tinnitus, and vertigo

Answer 3

cinchonism

Question 4

protozoal intestinal infection that causes severe diarrhea

Answer 4

giardiasis

Question 5

skin, mucous membrane, or visceral infection caused by a protozoan passed to humans by the bites of sand flies

Answer 5

leishmaniasis

Question 6

protozoan that causes malaria in humans

Answer 6

Plasmodium

Question 7

opportunistic infection that occurs when the immune system is depressed;

Answer 7

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Question 8

African sleeping sickness

Answer 8

trypanosomiasis

Question 9

a developing stage of a parasite, which uses the host for essential nutrients needed for growth

Answer 9

trophozoite

Question 10

ANTIMALARIALS

Answer 10

chloroquine
mefloquine
primaquine
pyrimethamine
quinine

Question 11

Four protozoal parasites s causes of malaria

Answer 11

Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale

Question 12

the most dangerous type of
protozoan.

Answer 12

Plasmodium falciparum

Question 13

causes a milder form of the disease

Answer 13

vivax

Question 14

rarely seen, seems to be in the process of
being eradicated.

Answer 14

ovale

Question 15

acting against the red blood cell phase of the life cycle)

Answer 15

schizonticidal

Question 16

acting against the gametocytes

Answer 16

gametocytocidal

Question 17

acting against the parasites that are developing in the mosquito

Answer 17

sporontocidal

Question 18

first drug found to be
effective in the treatment of malaria

Answer 18

Quinine

Question 19

They are indicated for the prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria
when chloroquine resistance has been reported

Answer 19

combine atovaquone and proguanil.

Question 20

the mainstay of antimalarial therapy for infections

Answer 20

Chloroquine

Question 21

a combination
therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated or severe malaria caused by
chloroquine-resistant strains

Answer 21

quinine and one of the following antibiotics

doxycycline
tetracycline
clindamycin

Question 22

increases the acidity of plasmodial food vacuoles, causing cell
rupture and death.

Answer 22

Mefloquine

Question 23

very old drug for treating malaria, similar to quinine,
disrupts the mitochondria of the Plasmodium.

causes death of
gametocytes and exoerythrocytic

Answer 23

Primaquine

Question 24

used in combination with agents that act more rapidly

acts by blocking the use of folic acid in protein
synthesis by the Plasmodium

Answer 24

Pyrimethamine

Question 25

inhibits nucleic acid synthesis, protein synthesis, and glycolysis in P. falciparum. treat uncomplicated malaria

Answer 25

Quinine

Question 26

Pharmacokinetics: rapidly absorbed from the GI tract, with peak serum levels occurring in 1 to 3 hours

Answer 26

Quinine

Question 27

adverse effects of antimalarial agents

Answer 27

Central nervous system (CNS) effects Immune reaction effects GI tract and the effects on CNS control

Question 28

Increased bone marrow suppression may occur if ____ are combined with pyrimethamine

Answer 28

antifolate drugs

Question 29

Treatment and prophylaxis of acute attacks of malaria

Answer 29

Chloroquine

Question 30

used to treat amebiasis

Answer 30

metronidazole and chloroquine

Question 31

a disease caused by a protozoan that is passed from sand flies to humans

Answer 31

Leishmaniasis

Question 32

sand fly injects an asexual form of this flagellated protozoan, called

Answer 32

promastigote

Question 33

caused by another flagellated protozoan, This infection is usually spread during sexual intercourse

Answer 33

Trichomoniasis

Question 34

Pharmacokinetics: available only as an oral suspension and is slowly absorbed and highly protein bound in circulation

Answer 34

Atovaquone

Question 35

Pharmacokinetics: available orally for children with Chagas disease

Answer 35

Benznidazole

Question 36

Pharmacokinetics: is readily absorbed through the lungs

Answer 36

Pentamidine

Question 37

Drug–Drug Interactions: can lead to increased bleeding

Answer 37

Metronidazole and tinidazole