Midterm - Brain/Brainstem/Spinal Cord

Question 0

Thalamus

Answer 0

Relay center for the brain/cortex
Sensory information
Projects afferent a from basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebellum to primary contexts

Question 1

Cerebrum

Answer 1

Enables higher symbolic functions

Houses limbic lobe and basal ganglia

Question 2

Thalamus syndrome

Answer 2

Altered thresholds for touch, pain, temperature on contralateral half of body

Question 3

Lateral geniculate body relays

Answer 3

Visual information

Question 4

Brainstem

Answer 4

Regulates cortical arousal and attention
Composed of
midbrain (pupil size and eye movements)
pons (rhythm of respiration and facial movements)
medulla (controls respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure)

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

Regulates skilled movements
No participation in cognitive participation
Decreasing/stopping movements

Question 6

Rhomberg test

Answer 6

Evaluates propioception

Question 7

Ataxia

Answer 7

Lack of order and no coordination in muscle activities

Question 8

Bradykinesia

Answer 8

Slow movements

Question 9

3 primary vesicles

Answer 9

Prosencephalon - forebrain

Mesencephalon - midbrain

Rhombencephalon - hindbrain

Question 10

Cerebral hemispheres are separated by

Answer 10

Longitudinal or Interhemispheric fissure

Question 11

5 lobes

Answer 11

Frontal - motor cortex
Parietal - sensory cortex 
Occipital - visual cortex 
Temporal - auditory cortex 
Limbic - emotions

Question 12

Brainstem connects…

Answer 12

Diencephalon to spinal cord, midbrain, pons and medulla

Question 13

Spinal cord

Answer 13

Transmission link between brain and body
Bidirectional pathway
Wrapped in 3 meningal layers (Pina mater, arachnoid membrane and dura mater)

Question 14

Spinal divisions

Answer 14

Cervical 8
Thoracic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacral 5
Coccygeal 1

Question 15

Ventricles

Answer 15

CSF circulation and storage
Protects the CNS during excessive head movements
2 lateral, 1 third and 1 fourth ventricle

Question 16

Spinal trigeminal tract

Answer 16

Consists of fibers of trigeminal nerve

Pain touch and temperature in the face

Question 17

Cortical spinal tract

Answer 17

Crosses midline at medulla (crosses in spinal cord)

Controls limbs and involved in voluntary movements

Question 18

Corticobulbar tract

Answer 18

Controls oral movements and swallowing

Crosses in the Brainstem

Question 19

4 main neurotransmitters

Answer 19

Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Epinephrine