Midterm--Ferrets, GH, Thyroid, Ca Flashcards
(39 cards)
Adrenal disease in ferrets is associated with overproduction of?
Sex hormones
*cortisol is normal
Which adrenal gland in ferrets is most commonly affected? Is that good or bad?
Left
Good–easier to access with sx
the most common clinical sign associated with ferret adrenal disease
symmetric, progressive alopecia
Two options for treating adrenal disease in ferrets?
Surgical removal
GnRH agonist
A 5yr old male ferret presents for progressive ataxia in his hind end; owner also reports he’s been difficult to rouse from sleep and is drooling a lot…how would you diagnose this? (2 ways)
1) document presence of hypoglycemia when signs are present
2) measure insulin after a fast (high insulin with low glucose= diagnostic)
Best treatment option for insulinomas in ferrets?
surgery with nodule removal
GH deficiency affects all cells of the pituitary except?
ACTH cells (adrenals will be normal)
What hormone can you measure to diagnose GH deficiency
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)
Growth hormone excess in dogs:
1) primary sex affected
2) _______ induced
3) source of the excess GH
Females
PROGESTERONE induced
excess GH is from mammary gland!!
How does GH excess in cats differ from dogs?
In cats, it’s due to a GH-secreting pituitary tumor
GH excess in cats:
1) a common clinical sign
2) how to dx
1) insulin-resistant DM (cat requires >15u/day)
2) measure IGF
Majority of canine hypothyroidism is caused by?
Idiopathic atrophy (95%)
T/F: Dogs with neurological signs secondary to hypothyroidism are easy to diagnose due to concurrently present “classical” clinical signs.
FALSE
**these dogs usually LACK the common clinical signs
Most common labwork finding with K-9 hypothyroid?
Elevated cholesterol (due to decreased clearance)
The main value of testing total T4?
to RULE OUT hypothyroidism
If T4 is in normal range–hypothyroid is very unlikely
*measure using SERUM
Why don’t we typically measure T3?
Often normal in hypothyroid dogs
The BEST test we currently have to diagnose hypo-t?
Free T4 by dialysis
If TGAA is positive but the dog isn’t hypo-t, what does this mean?
Could mean the dog is AT RISK for developing the disease
Name the 3 Ca regulators and describe their net effects
1) Calcitonin–LOWERS Ca
2) PTH–RAISES Ca; gets rid of PO4 (hyperCa, low/low normal P)
3) Vitamin D–Raises Ca; saves PO4; (hyperCa/hyperP)
Activation of vitamin D requires? What is the active form of Vit D called?
Requires PTH for activation
Calcitriol
If Ca x P is > ____, the animals is at risk for?
> 70;
dystrophic mineralization
Concerning hypercalcemia:
1) most common clinical sign (dogs vs. cats)
2) first organ to be affected by mineralization
3) why do we see urinary signs
1) PU/PD (dog); vomiting (cats)
2) kidney
3) excessive loss of Ca in urine leads to stone formation
Why is it important to test a fasted sample when checking for hyperCa?
because there is post-prandial hyperCa
What are the 3 forms of Ca? Which is active?
ionized (active)
protein-bound
complexes
