MIDTERM L1 - Radiation Detection and Measurement

Question 1

Materials designed to detect or measure radiation

Answer 1

Radiation Detection Instrument

Question 1

Radiation Detection Instruments operate in the _____ or ____ mode

Answer 1

1. Pulse
2. Rate

Question 2

Mode indicating the PRESENCE OF RADIATION through a ticking, chirping, or beeping sound.

Answer 2

Pulse Mode

Question 3

Pertains to the INSTRUMENT RESPONSE usually expressed in mGya/hr

Answer 3

Rate Mode

Question 4

Instruments designed to measure the intensity of radiation usually operate in the ______ mode

Answer 4

Integrate Mode

Question 5

The measure of radiation intensity

Answer 5

Dosimetry

Question 6

What is the difference between Dosimetry and Dosimeter ?

Answer 6

Dosimetry = Measure of Radiation Intensity

Dosimeter = Radiation intensity measuring device

Question 7

The earliest radiation detection device

Answer 7

Photographic Emulsion

Question 8

TRUE OR FALSE:
Photographic Emulsion is sensitive and energy dependent

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

Give the three types of Gas-filled Detectors

Answer 9

1. Ionization Chamber
2. Proportional Counter
3. Geiger-Muller Counter

Question 10

It is used widely as a device to measure radiation intensity and and to detect radioactive contamination.

Answer 10

Gas-Filled Detectors

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE:
In Gas-filled Detectors, the larger the chamber means the lesser gas molecules are available for ionization

Answer 11

FALSE
The larger the chamber, the MORE gas molecules are available for ionization

Question 12

Which of the following Gas-filled Detectors is the instrument of choice for measuring radiation intensity ?

A. Geiger-Muller Counter
B. Ionization Chamber
C. Proportional Counter
D. NOTA

Answer 12

B. Ionization Chamber

Question 13

Ionization Chamber is used for surveying radiation levels at exactly ______ or ______

Answer 13

1 mR/hr or 10 uGy/hr

Question 14

Used for contamination control in nuclear medicine laboratories

Answer 14

Geiger-Muller Counter

Question 15

Geiger-Muller Counter is limited to ______ and is portable

Answer 15

100 mR/hr

Question 16

TRUE OR FALSE
Geiger-Muller Counter surveys for high radiation levels and radioactive contamination

Answer 16

FALSE
Geiger-Muller Counter surveys for LOW radiation levels and radioactive contamination

Question 17

It has the ability to distinguish between alpha and beta radiation

Answer 17

Proportional Counter

Question 18

The following are characteristics of a Proportional Counter EXCEPT:

A. Laboratory Equipment
B. Accurate
C. Sensitive
D. Limited Range

Answer 18

D. Limited Range

Question 19

Scintillation Detection serves as the basis for ______

Answer 19

Gamma Camera

Question 20

TRUE OR FALSE
Scintillation Detection may be used an Image Receptor for digital imaging system

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Materials establishing a Scintillation Detection device include _____ or _____

Answer 21

Nal:Tl or Csl:Tl

(Thallium-Activated Sodium Iodide or Thallium-Activated Cesium Iodide)

Question 22

TRUE OR FALSE
Scintillation Detection may be stationary or portable.

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

The Thermoluminescence Densitometry is discovered in _____ at the _______

Answer 23

1960 / University of Wisconsin

Question 24

Stored crystals / energy in TLD is released as _____ when heated

Answer 24

Light

Question 25

Provide the four (4) materials of TLD

Answer 25

1. Lithium Fluoride 2. Calcium Fluoride 3. Lithium Borate 4. Calcium Sulfate

Question 26

Device that emits electrons when illuminated

Answer 26

Photocathode

Question 27

TRUE OR FALSE TLD is non-reusable

Answer 27

FALSE TLD is REUSABLE

Question 28

TLD can measure doses as low as _____ with modest accuracy, and at doses ______

Answer 28

5 mrad >10 rad

Question 29

A radiation dosimeter developed by Landauer in the late 1990's

Answer 29

Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry (OSL)

Question 30

OSL uses ____ as the radiation detector A. Aluminum Oxide B. Aluminum Dioxide C. Cesium Iodide D. Lithium Fluoride

Answer 30

A. Aluminum Oxide

Question 31

The following are advantages of OSL over TLD EXCEPT: A. More sensitive - 1 mrad / 10 uGyt B. Wide Dynamic Range C. Excellent Long-term Stability D. NOTA

Answer 31

D. NOTA

Question 32

Give the three (3) steps for utilizing OSL

Answer 32

1. Exposure to Ionizing Radiation 2. Laser Illumination 3. Measurement of the Intensity of Stimulated Light Emission

Question 33

Scintillation Detection is used in the detector arrays of _____ imaging systems A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging B. Computed Tomography C. Mammography D. Radiologic Contrast

Answer 33

B. Computed Tomography

Question 34

TRUE OR FALSE Lithium Fluoride is a nearly tissue-equivalent radiation dosimeter

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

Give the five Radiation Detection and Measuring Devices ( I want the exact word :< )

Answer 35

1. Photographic Emulsion 2. Gas-Filled Detectors 3. Thermoluminescence Dosimetry 4. Optically-Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry 5. Scintillation Detection

Question 36

Used to survey assay of small quantities of radionuclides

Answer 36

Proportional Counter

Question 37

TRUE OR FALSE Reanalysis is possible with OSL

Answer 37

TRUE

Question 38

Pulse Rate indicates the presence of radiation through a _____, ______, or a ______ sound

Answer 38

1. Ticking 2. Chirping 3. Beeping

Question 39

OSL stands for A. Optically-Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry B. Optically-Stimulated Luminiscence Dosimetry C. Optical Stimulation of Luminescence Dosimetry D. Optical Stimulation Luminescence Dosimetry

Answer 39

A. Optically-Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry