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IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY > MIDTERM LECTURE L1: DUFFY BLOOD GROUP > Flashcards

MIDTERM LECTURE L1: DUFFY BLOOD GROUP Flashcards

1
Q

ISBT # of Duffy blood group

A

ISBT #008

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2
Q

When was anti-Fya first identified

A

1950 from Mr. Duffy, a multiply transfused hemophiliac

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3
Q

when and where was anti-Fyb first found

A

1951, found in the serum of a woman who had three pregnancies

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4
Q

Who reported that the majority of African Americans tested were Fy (a-b-)

A

Sanger and colleagues

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5
Q

Gene responsible for the null phenotype

A

Fy

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6
Q

Most common grnotypenin blacks, especially in Africa

A

FyFy

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7
Q

What Duffy rbc phenotype resist infection in vitro by Plasmodium knowlesi

A

Fy (a-b-)

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8
Q

Fy (a-b-) phenotype resist infection of what organisms

A

Plasmodium kowlesi
Plasmodium vivax

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9
Q

T or F:
Fy (a-b-) rbcs are also Fy: -3, -5

A

T

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10
Q

T or F: Fy5 can be expressed in Rh null RBCs

A

F (regardless of the Fya or Fyb status of those rbcs

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11
Q

Symbol of the Duffy blood group system

A

FY

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12
Q

Most important Duffy antigens

A

Fya and Fyb

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13
Q

When can Fya and Fyb be identified on fetal rbcs

A

6 weeks

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14
Q

T or F: Fya and Fyb are well developed at birth

A

T

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15
Q

How many Fya and Fyb sites are on Fy (a+b-) and Fy (a-b+) RBCs

A

13,000-14,000

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16
Q

How many Fya sites are on Fy (a+b+) RBCs

A

Half of 13,000-14,000

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17
Q

Fya and Fyb antigens cannot be found on what cells

A

Platelets
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Granulocytes

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18
Q

Fya and Fyb antigens have been identified in what body tissues

A

Brain
Colon
Endothelium
Lung
Spleen
Thyroid
Thymus
Kidney cells

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19
Q

T or F: Fya and Fyb antigens are destroyed by common proteolytic enzymes

A

T

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20
Q

What common proteolytic enzymes can destroy Fya and Fyb

A

Ficin
Papain
Bromelin
Chymotrypsin
ZZAP

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21
Q

ZZAP is a combination of what reagents

A

Papain or ficin w/ dithiothreitol

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22
Q

What proteolytic enzymes cannot alone destroy Fya and Fyb

A

DTT (dithiothreitol)
AET
Glycine-acid EDTA treatment

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23
Q

What enzyme may reduce the molecular weight of Fya and Fyb but does not destroy antigenic activity

A

Neuraminidase
Purified trypsin

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24
Q

Common antibody and is found as a single specificity or in a mixture of antibodies

A

Anti-Fya

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25
Anti-Fya occurs three times less frequently than what antibody
Anti-K
26
How common is anti-Fyb
20 times less than anti-Fya
27
This antigen often occurs in combination with other antibodies
Anti-Fya
28
Duffy antibodies are usually what class
IgG
29
Duffy antibodies react best at what phase
Antiglobulin phase
30
T or F: rare examples of Fya and Fyb can bind complement
T (saline agglutinins)
31
Antibody activity is enhanced in what medium
Low-ionic strength medium
32
T or F: anti Fya and anti-Fyb react with enzyme treated RBCs
F
33
T or F: anti-Fya and anti-Fyb can show dosage effect
T
34
What is dosage effect
Phenomenon where antibodies react more strongly with double dose (homozygotes) than single dose (heterozygotes)
35
Double dose of either Fya and Fyb may be heterozygotes if it is from what donor ethnicity
Blacks
36
Silent allele Fy is commonly found in what ethnicity
Blacks
37
Anti-Fya and anti-Fyb have been associated with was complications
Acute and delayed HTR Mild to severe HDFN
38
Once anti-fya and anti-fyb is identified, what blood must be given
Fy (a-) or Fy (b-)
39
What is a characteristic of rare autoantibodies mimicking Fya and Fyb specificity?
They can sometimes be adsorbed onto and eluted from Fy(a+b–) RBCs.
40
Who suggested that rare autoantibodies with Fya and Fyb specificity may be alloantibodies with "sloppy" specificity formed early in an immune response?
Issitt and Anstee
41
What does it mean when an anti-Fyb autoantibody can be adsorbed onto and eluted from Fy(a+b–) RBCs?
It suggests that the antibody may have broader or less specific binding characteristics.
42
According to Issitt and Anstee, when might alloantibodies with "sloppy" specificity form?
Early in an immune response
43
what methods have been used to study the biochemistry of Duffy antigens
1) enzymes 2) membrane solubilization 3) immunoblotting 4) radiolabeling 5) amino acid sequencing
44
How many amino acids make up the glycoprotein that carries Duffy antigens?
336 amino acids
45
What is the relative mass of the glycoprotein carrying Duffy antigens?
36 kD
46
How many N-glycosylation sites are present on the Duffy antigen glycoprotein?
two
47
What amino acid at position 42 defines the Fya and Fyb polymorphism?
Glycine for Fya and aspartic acid for Fyb.
48
Which amino acid region is involved in the Fy6 epitope?
Amino acids 19 through 25.
49
What is another name for the Duffy glycoprotein based on its function?
Atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1), previously known as DARC.
50
Besides being a receptor for Plasmodium vivax, what else does the Duffy glycoprotein bind?
proinflammatory cytokines
51
What chromosome is the Duffy gene (ACKR1) associated with?
chromosome 1
52
What was the former name of the Duffy gene ACKR1?
DARC (Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines)
53
ACKR1 gene position in chromosome 1
long arm, 1q21-q22
54
Fy locus us syntenic to which blood group locus
Rh locus
55
three common alleles at the Fy locus
Fya, Fyb, and Fy
56
what antigens does Fy encode
none, silent allele
57
Fy is a major allele in what ethnicity
blacks
58
What is the predominant Fy gene variant in Fy(a–b–) Black individuals?
Fyb
59
What specific change occurs in the promoter region of the Fy gene in Fy(a–b–) Black individuals?
GATA gene mutation
60
How does the GATA mutation affect the Fy gene in RBCs?
disrupts the binding site for mRNA transcription, preventing expression in RBCs
61
T or F: Fy(a-b-) black express anti-Fyb
F (Fyb is not foreign, still express in tissues)
62
Molecular testing for the GATA mutation is helpful for transfusion management for patients with what disease
sickle cell disease
63
Fy(a-b-) whites produce what antibodies
anti-Fyb and anti-Fy3
64
Fy gene that is an inherited weak form of Fyb that reacts with some examples of anti-Fyb
Fyx
65
what antigen does Fyx gene produce
no distinct antigen
66
T or F: there is anti-Fyx
F
67
phenotype of individuals with Fyx gene may be
Fy(b-)
68
Fyx may cause depressed expression of what antigens
Fy3 and Fy5
69
in 1971, anti-Fy3 was found in the serum of what individual
Fy(a-b-) white Australian female
70
what antibody reacts with both Fya and Fyb but cannot be separated?
anti-Fy3
71
How does anti-Fy3 differ from anti-Fya and anti-Fyb?
Anti-Fy3 reacts with all Fy(a+) and Fy(b+) RBCs, while anti-Fya and anti-Fyb only react with their respective antigens.
72
T or F: Fy3 antigen can be destroyed by enzymes
F
73
what phenotype makes anti-Fy3
Fy(a-b-) especially whites
74
T or F: all Fy(a–b–) Black individuals make anti-Fy3?
F they rarely make anti-Fy3 because they still express the Duffy glycoprotein in non-RBC tissues.
75
Which Duffy antibody do some Fy(a–b–) Black individuals produce before anti-Fy3?
anti-Fya
76
who discovered anti-Fy5
Colledge and coworkers in 1973
77
where did Colledge anti-Fy5
serum of an Fy(a-b-) black child who died of leukemia
78
How does anti-Fy5 differ from anti-Fy3?
Anti-Fy5 reacts with Fy(a–b–) white RBCs but not Fy(a–b–) Black RBCs and does not react with Rhnull RBCs
79
T or F: Fy5 can be destroyed by enzymes
F
80
who can make anti-Fy5
Fy(a–b–) or Rhnull individuals exposed to Fy5-positive blood
81
antibody made by Duffy null phenotype
anti-Fy3
82
T or F: Fya and Fyb antigens do not store well in saline suspension
T
83
T or F: Fya and Fyb antigens are destroyed in enzyme treatment
T

IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY (23 decks)

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