MIDTERM MEDSURG 2

Question 1

Which of the following is a common cause of constipation?

a. High fiber diet
b. Sedentary lifestyle
c. Excessive water intake
d. Regular exercise

Answer 1

b. Sedentary lifestyle

-A lack of physical activity can slow down bowel movements, making it harder for stool to pass through the intestines.

Question 2

Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with constipation?

a. Abdominal distention
b. Rectal bleeding
c. Borborygmus
d. Decreased appetite

Answer 2

b. Rectal bleeding

-Rectal bleeding is more commonly associated with hemorrhoids or anal fissures, not typical constipation symptoms.

Question 3

What is the role of rectal distention in constipation?

a. It causes diarrhea
b. It stimulates bowel movements
c. It inhibits bowel movements
d. It has no effect on bowel movements

Answer 3

c. It inhibits bowel movements

-Rectal distention can lead to a feeling of fullness and the inhibition of normal bowel movements, contributing to constipation.

Question 4

A patient reports experiencing a feeling of fullness, bloating, and reduced bowel movements. These symptoms suggest:

a. Gastroenteritis
b. Constipation
c. Appendicitis
d. Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 4

b. Constipation

-Fullness, bloating, and reduced bowel movements are classic symptoms of constipation.

Question 5

Which of the following symptoms might indicate severe constipation?

a. Frequent urination
b. Increased appetite
c. Abdominal distention and discomfort
d. Weight gain

Answer 5

c. Abdominal distention and discomfort

-Severe constipation often leads to significant discomfort and visible abdominal distention.

Question 6

A patient with borborygmus is likely to experience:

a. Painful urination
b. Audible stomach rumbling
c. Frequent hiccups
d. Blood in stool

Answer 6

b. Audible stomach rumbling

-Borborygmus refers to the sounds made by the movement of gas and fluids in the intestines, often heard as stomach rumbling.

Question 7

A 45-year-old patient with a sedentary lifestyle and low fiber diet complains of infrequent bowel movements and abdominal pain. What is the most likely cause of their symptoms?

a. Hemorrhoids
b. Constipation
c. Gastritis
d. Food poisoning

Answer 7

b. Constipation

-A sedentary lifestyle and low fiber diet are common causes of constipation, leading to infrequent bowel movements and abdominal pain.

Question 8

A patient reports decreased appetite, bloating, and difficulty passing stool. Which lifestyle modification would you recommend first to alleviate their symptoms?

a. Increase in physical activity
b. Reduction in water intake
c. Increase in alcohol consumption
d. Reduction in dietary fiber

Answer 8

a. Increase in physical activity

-Increasing physical activity can help stimulate bowel movements and alleviate constipation.

Question 9

A 60-year-old patient with a history of chronic constipation presents with severe abdominal distention and nausea. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?

a. Antibiotics
b. Laxatives
c. Surgery
d. Pain medication

Answer 9

b. Laxatives

-Laxatives are commonly used to relieve severe constipation by promoting bowel movements.

Question 10

Which of the following dietary factors can help prevent constipation?

a. High fat intake
b. Low fiber diet
c. Adequate fluid intake
d. High sugar diet

Answer 10

c. Adequate fluid intake

-Proper hydration helps soften stool and promotes regular bowel movements, reducing the risk of constipation.

Question 11

What is a common symptom of fecal incontinence?

a. Increased bowel movements
b. Uncontrolled bowel movements
c. Weight gain
d. Increased energy

Answer 11

b. Uncontrolled bowel movements

-Fecal incontinence is characterized by the inability to control bowel movements, leading to accidental stool leakage.

Question 12

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing hemorrhoids?

a. Low fiber diet
b. Regular physical exercise
c. High fluid intake
d. Balanced diet

Answer 12

a. Low fiber diet

-A low fiber diet can cause straining during bowel movements, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids.

Question 13

A patient presents with chronic abdominal pain and irregular bowel habits. This is most indicative of:

a. Diarrhea
b. Constipation
c. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
d. Fecal Incontinence

Answer 13

c. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

-IBS is commonly associated with chronic abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits, including both constipation and diarrhea.

Question 14

Which of the following symptoms is least likely to be associated with chronic diarrhea?

a. Dehydration
b. Weight loss
c. Increased appetite
d. Electrolyte imbalance

Answer 14

c. Increased appetite

-Chronic diarrhea typically leads to dehydration and weight loss, rather than an increased appetite.

Question 15

A patient with Irritable Bowel Syndrome often experiences symptom flare-ups during periods of:

a. Physical activity
b. Stress
c. High protein intake
d. Adequate hydration

Answer 15

b. Stress

-Stress is a known trigger for IBS symptoms, causing flare-ups and worsening of abdominal discomfort.

Question 16

A 35-year-old patient with a history of frequent straining during bowel movements and occasional rectal bleeding is most likely experiencing:

a. Diarrhea
b. Constipation
c. Hemorrhoids
d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 16

c. Hemorrhoids

-Straining during bowel movements and rectal bleeding are common symptoms of hemorrhoids.

Question 17

A patient presents with abdominal pain, bloating, and alternating periods of constipation and diarrhea. Which condition does this describe?

a. Constipation
b. Diarrhea
c. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
d. Fecal Incontinence

Answer 17

c. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

-IBS often presents with alternating constipation and diarrhea, along with abdominal pain and bloating.

Question 18

A patient with chronic constipation is advised to increase their dietary fiber intake. Which food is a good source of dietary fiber?

a. White rice
b. Lean meat
c. Whole grains
d. Dairy products

Answer 18

c. Whole grains

-Whole grains are a rich source of dietary fiber, which helps improve bowel regularity and alleviate constipation.

Question 19

Which of the following medications can cause constipation as a side effect?

a. Antidepressants
b. Antacids
c. Antibiotics
d. Antihistamines

Answer 19

a. Antidepressants

-Many antidepressants can cause constipation as a common side effect due to their impact on the digestive system.

Question 20

What is a potential long-term complication of chronic constipation?

a. Increased energy levels
b. Rectal prolapse
c. Enhanced immune function
d. Improved digestion

Answer 20

b. Rectal prolapse

-Chronic straining during bowel movements can weaken the muscles and tissues supporting the rectum, leading to rectal prolapse.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a recommended lifestyle change to manage constipation?

a. Increased physical activity
b. Drinking more water
c. Eating more processed foods
d. Increasing dietary fiber

Answer 21

c. Eating more processed foods

-Processed foods often lack fiber and can contribute to constipation. Increasing dietary fiber is recommended to manage constipation.

Question 22

A patient with chronic constipation may present with which of the following symptoms?

a. Frequent bowel movements
b. Severe diarrhea
c. Fecal impaction
d. Weight gain

Answer 22

c. Fecal impaction

-Chronic constipation can lead to a buildup of hardened stool in the intestines, resulting in fecal impaction.

Question 23

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to identify structural abnormalities in the colon?

a. MRI scan
b. Colonoscopy
c. ECG
d. Ultrasound

Answer 23

b. Colonoscopy

-A colonoscopy allows doctors to visually inspect the colon for abnormalities that may contribute to constipation.

Question 24

A patient presents with severe constipation and uses over-the-counter laxatives regularly. What is a potential consequence of long-term laxative use?

a. Dependency
b. Increased appetite
c. Enhanced bowel function
d. Weight gain

Answer 24

a. Dependency

-Prolonged use of laxatives can lead to dependency, where the bowel becomes reliant on laxatives for regular movements.

Question 25

A 40-year-old patient with a diet low in fiber and minimal physical activity reports experiencing infrequent bowel movements and abdominal discomfort. What condition is this patient most likely experiencing? a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Hemorrhoids d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 25

b. Constipation -A low fiber diet and lack of physical activity are common causes of constipation, resulting in infrequent bowel movements and abdominal discomfort.

Question 26

A patient presents with symptoms of constipation and is advised to increase fiber intake. Which of the following foods is a good source of dietary fiber? a. White bread b. Lean meat c. Vegetables d. Ice cream

Answer 26

c. Vegetables -Vegetables are rich in dietary fiber, which helps improve bowel regularity and alleviate constipation.

Question 27

An elderly patient with chronic constipation and a history of cardiovascular disease presents with abdominal pain and nausea. What is the most appropriate initial management? a. Pain medication b. Intravenous fluids c. Laxatives d. Antibiotics

Answer 27

c. Laxatives -Laxatives can help relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements, which is important for managing symptoms and preventing complications.

Question 28

Which of the following interventions is recommended for managing constipation? a. Limiting fluid intake b. Encouraging high-fiber diet c. Promoting bed rest d. Reducing physical activity

Answer 28

b. Encouraging high-fiber diet -A high-fiber diet helps to bulk up stool and promote regular bowel movements.

Question 29

What is a common clinical manifestation of constipation? a. Frequent bowel movements b. Abdominal distention c. Rapid weight loss d. Increased appetite

Answer 29

b. Abdominal distention -Constipation often leads to bloating and visible distention of the abdomen.

Question 30

Which diagnostic tool is often used to assess constipation? a. MRI scan b. Blood test c. Colonoscopy d. Chest X-ray

Answer 30

c. Colonoscopy -A colonoscopy allows for direct visualization of the colon to identify any structural abnormalities.

Question 31

A patient with chronic constipation is likely to present with which of the following symptoms? a. Diarrhea b. Fecal impaction c. Increased appetite d. Weight gain

Answer 31

b. Fecal impaction -Chronic constipation can lead to the accumulation of hardened stool that becomes impacted.

Question 32

Which of the following is a potential complication of chronic constipation? a. Rectal prolapse b. Improved digestion c. Increased energy d. Weight gain

Answer 32

a. Rectal prolapse -Chronic straining during bowel movements can cause rectal tissues to protrude outside the anus.

Question 33

What is the pathophysiological basis of constipation? a. Accelerated bowel movements b. Reduced bowel motility c. Increased gastric secretion d. Enhanced intestinal absorption

Answer 33

b. Reduced bowel motility -Constipation is often caused by slowed or reduced movement of the intestines.

Question 34

A 55-year-old patient with a history of low physical activity and low fiber diet presents with infrequent bowel movements and abdominal discomfort. What condition is this patient most likely experiencing? a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Irritable Bowel Syndrome d. Gastroenteritis

Answer 34

b. Constipation -Low physical activity and low fiber diet are common causes of constipation, leading to infrequent bowel movements and abdominal discomfort.

Question 35

A patient reports feeling bloated and having difficulty passing stool. Which lifestyle modification would you recommend to alleviate their symptoms? a. Increase physical activity b. Reduce water intake c. Increase consumption of processed foods d. Avoid dietary fiber

Answer 35

a. Increase physical activity -Physical activity helps stimulate bowel movements and alleviate symptoms of constipation.

Question 36

An elderly patient with a history of chronic constipation presents with severe abdominal pain and nausea. What is the most appropriate initial treatment? a. Pain medication b. Intravenous fluids c. Laxatives d. Antibiotics

Answer 36

c. Laxatives -Laxatives help to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements and alleviating symptoms.

Question 37

Which of the following is a common cause of diarrhea? a. High fiber diet b. Viral infection c. Sedentary lifestyle d. Increased fluid intake

Answer 37

b. Viral infection -Viral infections are a common cause of diarrhea, leading to frequent loose stools and abdominal discomfort.

Question 38

What is a potential complication of chronic diarrhea? a. Dehydration b. Weight gain c. Improved digestion d. Increased energy

Answer 38

a. Dehydration -Chronic diarrhea can lead to significant fluid loss, resulting in dehydration.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of diarrhea? a. Frequent loose stools b. Abdominal cramps c. Rectal bleeding d. Increased appetite

Answer 39

d. Increased appetite -Diarrhea typically leads to a decreased appetite, frequent loose stools, and abdominal cramps.

Question 40

A patient with diarrhea is likely to present with which of the following symptoms? a. Hard, dry stools b. Abdominal distention c. Rapid weight loss d. Constipation

Answer 40

c. Rapid weight loss -Diarrhea can cause rapid weight loss due to fluid loss and decreased nutrient absorption.

Question 41

Which diagnostic tool is commonly used to determine the cause of diarrhea? a. Colonoscopy b. Chest X-ray c. ECG d. Blood test

Answer 41

a. Colonoscopy -A colonoscopy can help identify the underlying cause of diarrhea by examining the colon.

Question 42

What is a common clinical manifestation of acute diarrhea? a. Increased urine output b. Frequent, watery stools c. Weight gain d. Improved appetite

Answer 42

b. Frequent, watery stools -Acute diarrhea is characterized by frequent, watery stools.

Question 43

A 28-year-old patient with a history of recent travel to a developing country presents with frequent, watery stools and abdominal pain. What is the most likely cause of their symptoms? a. Constipation b. Diarrhea c. Hemorrhoids d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 43

b. Diarrhea -Travel to developing countries increases the risk of diarrhea due to exposure to contaminated food or water.

Question 44

A patient reports experiencing abdominal cramps and frequent loose stools after consuming dairy products. Which condition does this describe? a. Lactose intolerance b. Constipation c. Celiac disease d. Gastroenteritis

Answer 44

a. Lactose intolerance -Lactose intolerance can cause abdominal cramps and diarrhea after consuming dairy products.

Question 45

An elderly patient with chronic diarrhea presents with signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. What is the most appropriate initial treatment? a. Antibiotics b. Intravenous fluids c. Pain medication d. Increased dietary fiber

Answer 45

b. Intravenous fluids -Intravenous fluids help to rehydrate the patient and correct electrolyte imbalances caused by chronic diarrhea.

Question 46

Which of the following is a common cause of fecal incontinence? a. Diet high in fiber b. Weak pelvic floor muscles c. Regular physical exercise d. High fluid intake

Answer 46

b. Weak pelvic floor muscles -Weak pelvic floor muscles can impair the ability to control bowel movements, leading to fecal incontinence.

Question 47

What is a potential complication of fecal incontinence? a. Dehydration b. Improved digestion c. Skin irritation d. Weight gain

Answer 47

c. Skin irritation -Frequent uncontrolled bowel movements can cause skin irritation around the anal area.

Question 48

Which diagnostic tool is used to assess fecal incontinence? a. MRI scan b. Colonoscopy c. Anorectal manometry d. Blood test

Answer 48

c. Anorectal manometry -Anorectal manometry measures the strength of the anal sphincter muscles and rectal sensations, which helps in assessing fecal incontinence.

Question 49

A patient with fecal incontinence is likely to present with which of the following symptoms? a. Abdominal distention b. Rectal bleeding c. Uncontrolled bowel movements d. Increased appetite

Answer 49

c. Uncontrolled bowel movements -Fecal incontinence is characterized by the inability to control bowel movements.

Question 50

Which condition is NOT typically associated with fecal incontinence? a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Rectal prolapse d. Frequent urination

Answer 50

d. Frequent urination -Frequent urination is not commonly associated with fecal incontinence, which is related to bowel control issues.

Question 51

A patient with fecal incontinence reports difficulty passing stool. What might be a contributing factor? a. Increased fiber intake b. Weak anal sphincter c. Increased physical activity d. Adequate hydration

Answer 51

b. Weak anal sphincter -A weak anal sphincter can contribute to difficulty in controlling bowel movements and fecal incontinence.

Question 52

A 65-year-old patient with a history of chronic constipation and weak pelvic floor muscles presents with uncontrolled bowel movements. What is the most likely condition? a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Fecal incontinence d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 52

c. Fecal incontinence -Chronic constipation and weak pelvic floor muscles are common causes of fecal incontinence.

Question 53

A patient reports experiencing skin irritation around the anal area due to frequent uncontrolled bowel movements. What is the most appropriate intervention? a. Increase fiber intake b. Use of barrier creams c. Reduced fluid intake d. Bed rest

Answer 53

b. Use of barrier creams -Barrier creams can protect the skin from irritation caused by frequent bowel movements.

Question 54

An elderly patient with a history of fecal incontinence and hemorrhoids presents with severe rectal pain and bleeding. What is the most appropriate initial management? a. Pain medication b. Intravenous fluids c. Anorectal manometry d. Surgery

Answer 54

d. Surgery -Severe rectal pain and bleeding may require surgical intervention to address underlying issues.

Question 55

Which of the following interventions is recommended for managing diarrhea? a. Encouraging high-fat diet b. Promoting bed rest and intake of liquids c. Limiting fluid intake d. Increasing caffeine consumption

Answer 55

b. Promoting bed rest and intake of liquids -During an episode of acute diarrhea, bed rest and intake of liquids are recommended to help manage symptoms and prevent dehydration.

Question 56

What is a common clinical manifestation of diarrhea? a. Infrequent bowel movements b. Frequent loose stools c. Abdominal distention d. Decreased thirst

Answer 56

b. Frequent loose stools -Diarrhea is characterized by frequent loose or watery stools.

Question 57

Which diagnostic tool is often used to assess the cause of diarrhea? a. MRI scan b. Blood test c. Colonoscopy d. Chest X-ray

Answer 57

c. Colonoscopy -A colonoscopy can help identify the underlying cause of diarrhea by examining the colon.

Question 58

A patient with diarrhea is likely to present with which of the following symptoms? a. Hard, dry stools b. Frequent, watery stools c. Rapid weight gain d. Constipation

Answer 58

b. Frequent, watery stools -Diarrhea is characterized by frequent, watery stools.

Question 59

What is a potential complication of chronic diarrhea? a. Dehydration b. Weight gain c. Improved digestion d. Increased appetite

Answer 59

a. Dehydration -Chronic diarrhea can lead to significant fluid loss, resulting in dehydration.

Question 60

What is a common treatment for managing acute diarrhea? a. High-fiber diet b. Intake of semisolid and solid foods c. Increased physical activity d. Reduction in fluid intake

Answer 60

b. Intake of semisolid and solid foods -Once acute diarrhea subsides, a bland diet of semisolid and solid foods is recommended.

Question 60

A 40-year-old patient with a history of recent travel to a developing country presents with frequent, watery stools and abdominal cramps. What is the most likely cause of their symptoms? a. Constipation b. Diarrhea c. Hemorrhoids d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 60

b. Diarrhea -Travel to developing countries increases the risk of diarrhea due to exposure to contaminated food or water.

Question 61

A patient reports experiencing diarrhea and is advised to avoid certain foods and beverages. Which of the following should they avoid? a. Caffeine and carbonated beverages b. Lean meats and whole grains c. Fresh fruits and vegetables d. Dairy products and fiber supplements

Answer 61

a. Caffeine and carbonated beverages -Caffeine and carbonated beverages can stimulate intestinal motility and should be avoided during diarrhea.

Question 62

An elderly patient with chronic diarrhea presents with signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. What is the most appropriate initial treatment? a. Pain medication b. Intravenous fluids c. Increased physical activity d. Antibiotics

Answer 62

b. Intravenous fluids -Intravenous fluids help to rehydrate the patient and correct electrolyte imbalances caused by chronic diarrhea.

Question 63

Which of the following interventions is recommended for managing IBS? a. High-fat diet b. Regular physical activity c. Low fluid intake d. High sugar diet

Answer 63

b. Regular physical activity -Regular physical activity helps reduce stress and improve bowel function in patients with IBS.

Question 64

What is a common clinical manifestation of IBS? a. Rapid weight gain b. Frequent loose stools c. Constipation and diarrhea d. Increased appetite

Answer 64

c. Constipation and diarrhea -IBS is characterized by alternating periods of constipation and diarrhea along with abdominal discomfort.

Question 65

Which diagnostic tool is often used to assess IBS? a. MRI scan b. Blood test c. Colonoscopy d. Chest X-ray

Answer 65

c. Colonoscopy -A colonoscopy can help identify any structural abnormalities in the colon that may contribute to IBS symptoms.

Question 66

A patient with IBS is likely to present with which of the following symptoms? a. Hard, dry stools b. Frequent, watery stools c. Abdominal pain and bloating d. Rapid weight gain

Answer 66

c. Abdominal pain and bloating -IBS commonly presents with abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits.

Question 67

What is a potential complication of chronic IBS? a. Dehydration b. Weight gain c. Improved digestion d. Increased appetite

Answer 67

a. Dehydration -Chronic IBS can lead to dehydration due to frequent bowel movements.

Question 68

What is a common treatment for managing IBS symptoms? a. High-fiber diet b. Reduction in fluid intake c. Increased physical activity d. High-fat diet

Answer 68

a. High-fiber diet -A high-fiber diet can help regulate bowel movements and alleviate symptoms of IBS.

Question 69

A 35-year-old patient with a history of IBS presents with alternating periods of constipation and diarrhea along with abdominal discomfort. What is the most likely condition? a. Diarrhea b. Constipation c. Hemorrhoids d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Answer 69

d. Irritable Bowel Syndrome -Alternating constipation and diarrhea with abdominal discomfort are characteristic symptoms of IBS.

Question 70

A patient with IBS reports experiencing bloating and abdominal cramps after consuming certain foods. Which dietary modification would you recommend? a. Increase caffeine intake b. Avoid trigger foods c. Increase sugar intake d. Reduce physical activity

Answer 70

b. Avoid trigger foods -Identifying and avoiding foods that trigger symptoms can help manage IBS.

Question 71

An elderly patient with a history of IBS presents with severe abdominal pain and frequent bowel movements. What is the most appropriate initial management? a. Pain medication b. Intravenous fluids c. Increased physical activity d. Antibiotics

Answer 71

a. Pain medication -Pain management is important for patients experiencing severe abdominal pain due to IBS.

Question 72

What is a primary factor affecting peristaltic waves in IBS? a. Inflammation of the intestinal mucosa b. Neurologic or regulatory system changes c. Increased blood flow to the intestines d. Enhanced intestinal absorption

Answer 72

b. Neurologic or regulatory system changes -Changes in the neurologic or regulatory system can affect peristaltic waves in IBS.

Question 73

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of IBS pathophysiology? a. Functional disorder of intestinal motility b. Change in motility related to infection c. Inflammation of the intestinal mucosa d. Vascular or metabolic disturbance

Answer 73

c. Inflammation of the intestinal mucosa -IBS is characterized by a functional disorder of intestinal motility without evidence of inflammation.

Question 74

What type of tissue change is observed in the intestinal mucosa of IBS patients? a. Significant inflammation b. Erosion of the mucosal lining c. Tissue necrosis d. No evidence of inflammation

Answer 74

d. No evidence of inflammation -There is no evidence of inflammation or tissue changes in the intestinal mucosa of IBS patients.

Question 75

A primary symptom of IBS includes which of the following? a. Persistent weight gain b. Alteration in bowel patterns c. Increased appetite d. Frequent urination

Answer 75

b. Alteration in bowel patterns -IBS is primarily characterized by changes in bowel patterns, including constipation, diarrhea, or both.

Question 76

How is abdominal pain in IBS typically relieved? a. By eating b. By lying down c. By defecation d. By drinking water

Answer 76

c. By defecation -Abdominal pain in IBS is often relieved by defecation.

Question 77

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with IBS? a. Rapid weight gain b. Continuous muscle pain c. Bloating and abdominal distention d. Frequent respiratory infections

Answer 77

c. Bloating and abdominal distention -IBS symptoms commonly include bloating and abdominal distention.

Question 78

What is required for a definite diagnosis of IBS? a. Presence of inflammation in the intestines b. Tests proving the absence of structural disorders c. Elevated blood sugar levels d. Evidence of tissue necrosis

Answer 78

b. Tests proving the absence of structural disorders -A definite diagnosis of IBS requires tests that rule out other structural or organic disorders.

Question 79

Which diagnostic test may reveal spasm, distention, or mucus accumulation in the intestine? a. MRI scan b. ECG c. Barium enema d. Blood test

Answer 79

c. Barium enema -A barium enema can reveal spasm, distention, or mucus accumulation in the intestine.

Question 80

A colonoscopy in an IBS patient is likely to show: a. Severe tissue inflammation b. Structural abnormalities c. Mucus accumulation d. Necrotic tissue

Answer 80

c. Mucus accumulation -A colonoscopy may reveal mucus accumulation in the intestines of IBS patients.

Question 81

A 50-year-old patient with a history of IBS reports severe bloating and abdominal pain after meals. What is the most likely symptom relief? a. Drinking cold water b. Defecation c. Taking a nap d. Eating more fiber

Answer 81

b. Defecation -Abdominal pain in IBS is typically relieved by defecation.

Question 82

A patient with chronic constipation and IBS presents with abdominal distention. Which diagnostic procedure is appropriate to rule out other colon diseases? a. ECG b. Chest X-ray c. Blood test d. Colonoscopy

Answer 82

d. Colonoscopy -A colonoscopy is appropriate for ruling out other colon diseases in patients with IBS.

Question 83

An elderly patient with IBS experiences frequent bowel pattern changes and abdominal discomfort. What nursing intervention should be initiated? a. Reducing physical activity b. Initiating a bowel-training program c. Limiting fluid intake d. Increasing high-fat foods

Answer 83

b. Initiating a bowel-training program -A bowel-training program helps establish regular bowel patterns and manage IBS symptoms.

Question 84

Which of the following interventions is aimed at relieving abdominal pain in patients with bowel disorders? a. Increasing caffeine intake b. Using anticholinergics and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) c. Encouraging high-fat diet d. Reducing physical activity

Answer 84

b. Using anticholinergics and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) -These medications decrease smooth muscle spasms, reducing cramping and abdominal pain.

Question 85

What dietary change is recommended to help control diarrhea and constipation? a. High-sugar diet b. High-fat diet c. High-fiber diet d. Low-protein diet

Answer 85

c. High-fiber diet -A high-fiber diet helps regulate bowel movements and control both diarrhea and constipation.

Question 86

Which medication is used to control diarrhea in patients with bowel disorders? a. Antidepressants b. Loperamide c. Anticholinergics d. Calcium channel blockers

Answer 86

b. Loperamide -Loperamide is an antidiarrheal agent used to control diarrhea and fecal urgency.

Question 87

What is an important aspect of nursing management for patients with bowel disorders? a. Limiting fluid intake with meals b. Encouraging rapid food intake c. Promoting cigarette smoking d. Discouraging regular eating times

Answer 87

a. Limiting fluid intake with meals -Fluid intake with meals can cause abdominal distention, so it should be limited.

Question 88

Which lifestyle modification is encouraged to reduce abdominal distention in patients with bowel disorders? a. Drinking fluids with meals b. Avoiding fluid intake with meals c. Increasing alcohol consumption d. Reducing dietary fiber

Answer 88

b. Avoiding fluid intake with meals -Avoiding fluid intake with meals helps reduce abdominal distention.

Question 89

Which dietary habit is reinforced for patients with bowel disorders? a. Eating irregularly b. Eating rapidly c. Chewing food slowly and thoroughly d. Skipping meals

Answer 89

c. Chewing food slowly and thoroughly -Chewing food slowly and thoroughly aids digestion and can help manage symptoms.

Question 90

A patient with a history of bowel disorders presents with abdominal pain and reports consuming spicy foods frequently. What dietary modification would you recommend? a. Increase intake of spicy foods b. Gradually reintroduce potential irritants c. Increase caffeine consumption d. Reduce physical activity

Answer 90

b. Gradually reintroduce potential irritants -Gradually reintroducing potential irritants like spicy foods can help identify triggers and manage symptoms.

Question 91

A patient reports experiencing diarrhea after meals. Which medication might be prescribed to manage this symptom? a. Antidepressants b. Loperamide c. Calcium channel blockers d. Anticholinergics

Answer 91

b. Loperamide -Loperamide is effective in managing diarrhea.

Question 92

A patient with bowel disorders is advised to participate in a stress reduction program. What is a potential benefit of this intervention? a. Decreased abdominal pain b. Increased bowel motility c. Reduced physical activity d. Enhanced appetite

Answer 92

a. Decreased abdominal pain -Stress reduction programs can help decrease anxiety and abdominal pain in patients with bowel disorders.