Midterm Readings Flashcards
(20 cards)
Edict of Milan
Constantine (313) legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire
Nicene Creed
(325) First council on doctrinal unity decided that Arian Christianity, which believed the Holy Trinity was not one, was wrong
Theodosian Code
Theodosius (Late 4th century) makes Christianity the legal religion of the empire
City of God
Augustus (413-426) discusses the city of god and city of man, and says that despite Rome falling, the fact that they are still alive means God is good
Gregory of Tours on the Franks
Gregory (6th Century) wrote about King Clovis and his conversion to Christianity
Rule of St. Benedict
(530-560) Sets the precedent for how monasteries and nunneries should be run
Donation of Constantine
(750s) It was faked to look like it had been written in 317 to expand the power of the Pope. However, mentioned 2 events that had happened after 317: council of Nicene and Doctrine of the Apostolic Sees
Life of Charlemange
Einhard (825) wrote about how the mayors of the palace took power from the Merovingians and was legitimized by the pope rather than chosen by the people
Council of Ephesus
(431) to provide doctrinal unity against Patriarch Nestorious, who was excommunicated
Council of Chalcedon
(451) Decreed that in Orthodox Christianity Jesus has two natures (human and divine) in one person and that the patriarch and pope have equal power
In Defense of Icons
John of Damascus (730) writes that as Jesus was an image of God, why can’t images of Jesus or God be produced now?
Praising the Caliph poem
Al-Akhtal (692) calls the caliph the “caliph of God” giving him divine providence to rule and legitimizing his reign
Tax demand in Egypt
(710) Non Muslims pay a poll tax to have the right to keep practicing their own religion
Life of Muhammad
(8th century) Ibn Ishaq writes about the roles of Khadija (wife) and her uncle in Muhammed’s life: they are his first believers
Treaty of Tudmir
(713) In Iberia, Theodemir must pay the Muslims for his people to survive
Jewish Poem from Al-Andalus
(mid 10th century) criticizes Jews for living lavish lives but not practicing their faith the way it was intended
Conversion of the Icelanders
(1000) they voted in an Althing to convert, but they didn’t really convert because they could still sacrifice to their own gods in private
Ibn Fadlan meets the Rus’
(10th century) Culture clash: he remarks on their barbaric ceremonies, drinking habits, and terrible hygiene
Pro-Norman Position
Monk William (1070) writes about how Duke William had been promised the throne of England but Harold took it from him
Native position
Florence (12th century) writes about how Harold had swore loyalty to William several years before taking the throne so he had broken his oath
