Midterm Review

Question 1

What are the 2 types of drilling?

Answer 1

offshore and onshore

Question 2

what is drilling?

Answer 2

the science of making a hole in the earths crust safely and economically.

Question 3

what are the 3 most important parameters for drilling?

Answer 3

safety, safety, safety

Question 4

What are the 6 systems on a rig?

Answer 4

power, hoisting, circulating, rotating, well monitoring and well control

Question 5

what is ROP and how is it calculated?

Answer 5

ROP is rate of penetration and it is equal to depth over time.

Question 6

what are advantages of under balanced drilling?

Answer 6

improved ROP, hole cleaning, and more environmentally friendly

Question 7

what is the annulus

Answer 7

space between the casing and the hole

Question 8

know how to calculate hydrostatic pressure and the buoyancy factor using both units

Answer 8

im not typing all that shit

Question 9

what is the most popular method for dealing with a kick/blowout?

Answer 9

drillers method (mixing kill weight mud and pumping it downhole)

Question 10

what are the main functions of the circulating system?

Answer 10

remove cuttings and transmit hydraulic horsepower to the bit

Question 11

different components of the circulating system?

Answer 11

mud return line, shale shaker, mud pit, mud pump (duplex/triplex), stand pipe

Question 12

main components of the rotating system

Answer 12

swivel, kelly, rotary drive, turn table, drive bushing, rotary hose, drill string

Question 13

what are the 3 types of mud

Answer 13

water based, oil based and synthetic based/polymer

Question 14

3 types of clay?

Answer 14

kaolinite, bentonite, illite

Question 15

name 4 of the 8 physical properties of mud

Answer 15

mud weight, viscosity, yield point/plastic viscosity/gel strength, mud cake, pH, solid to sand content, chloride content, turbidity test

Question 16

what are hole problems?

Answer 16

lost circulation, blowout, cave in, stuck pipe

Question 17

what are lost circulation materials(LCM)?

Answer 17

wood fibre, mica, xanthan gum, dust, CMC, lignite

Question 18

how is plastic viscosity calculated?

Answer 18

PV=Θ600-θ300

Question 19

what are the parameters of the Bingham Plastic model?

Answer 19

PV and Yield Point

Question 20

What are the 3 models for classifying mud?

Answer 20

bingham plastic (PV+YP), power law (K+N), hershel buckley

Question 21

what are the 3 main functions of mud?

Answer 21

carry cuttings, suspend cuttings, remove cuttings

Question 22

what is yield point?

Answer 22

resistance to initial flow

Question 23

what are the governing factors for mud selection?

Answer 23

1. Formations
2. Temperature, pressures and permeability expected
3. Quality of water
4. Ecological and environmental factors

Question 24

how do you fix lost circulation

Answer 24

reduce mud weight, swab well, LCM pills and additives

Question 25

what are stuck pipe problems?

Answer 25

solid settling, differential sticking, key seating, drill string failure

Question 26

how do you clean a hole

Answer 26

drilling hydraulics and physical properties of mud

Question 27

what do JARS do?

Answer 27

they are a release device on the drill string used to free stuck pipe

Question 28

what country makes the best casing?

Answer 28

Argentina

Question 29

what does mud all provide energy to?

Answer 29

mud motor, MWD and packers

Question 30

what are catalysts used for?

Answer 30

reducing viscosity

Question 31

why is invert mud advantageous?

Answer 31

it is easier to maintain than water based or polymer mud

Question 32

what are the 4 main solid control equipment and what percentages of solids does each remove?

Answer 32

shale shaker (22-27%), centrifugal pump (25%), desander and desilter (10-13%)

Question 33

what is the highest amount of solids that can be removed from mud?

Answer 33

73-81%

Question 34

what is gel strength?

Answer 34

muds ability to hold a gel structure

Question 35

what are the 2 types of bits

Answer 35

tricone (mill bits/insert bits) and PDC

Question 36

what are the 3 main bit selection criteria?

Answer 36

economics, geological prognosis, and bit dull grading

Question 37

what do the 3 digits of the IADC bit classification stand for?

Answer 37

1 (bit type)-2 (formation type)-3 (bearing type/bearing protection)

Question 38

what does IADC stand for?

Answer 38

international association of drilling contractors

Question 39

name 4 of 7 drilling parameters

Answer 39

ROP, MWT, HP, pump pressure, torque, WOB and flow rate

Question 40

what are the bit cutting mechanisms?

Answer 40

roller cone (crushing), PDC (shearing), diamond (grinding)

Question 41

what is setback capacity?

Answer 41

total drill string weight + casing weight

Question 42

using IADC classification how can you tell what type of bit it is based on the 1st number

Answer 42

steel tooth (1,2,3) insert bit (4,5,6,7)

Question 43

what bits are best for very hard formations?

Answer 43

tungsten carbide insert bits

Question 44

what are PDC bits best for?

Answer 44

soft to medium hard formations

Question 45

know bit grading abbreivations

Answer 45

BT (broken teeth), WT (worn teeth), TR (tracking), OC (off centre wear), LT (lost teeth), TW (twist off), LC (lost cone), ER (erosion), CR (cored)

Question 46

what are the 2 most important bit parameters?

Answer 46

RPM and WOB

Question 47

what is the phenomenon when the bit and pipe spin in opposite directions

Answer 47

bit whirl

Question 48

what are the 3 types of bearings?

Answer 48

sealed, non sealed and journaled

Question 49

what are components of the BHA

Answer 49

bit, bit sub, drill collars, HWDP, JARS, downhole motor, MWD/LWD, shock sub, reamer, DP, RSS

Question 50

what are 3 types of packed BHA (know diagrams of each)

Answer 50

hold, build and drop

Question 51

what are the 2 types of BHA's

Answer 51

slick and packed

Question 52

how many collars are usually in the BHA?

Answer 52

6

Question 53

what is the BHA?

Answer 53

the tools between the pipe and the bit

Question 54

what are functions of the drill string?

Answer 54

import rotary motion on the bit, provide a fluid conduit from the rig to the bit, allow weight to set on the bit and lower and raise the bit

Question 55

what are the main functions of the drill collars?

Answer 55

load the bit, prevent dog legs/key seats, improve bit performance, minimize hole problems, vibrations, and pressure differential sticking, and produce a smooth bore full size hole

Question 56

what are the 3 causes for drill string failure?

Answer 56

fatigue, washout and twistoff

Question 57

what parameter is used to increase ROP when using roller cone bits

Answer 57

WOB

Question 58

what are the 3 sizes of rigs?

Answer 58

single double triple

Question 59

how is weight applied to the drill bit?

Answer 59

increased collar weight

Question 60

when power is made on a rig what operations is it distributed to?

Answer 60

hoisting rotary and circulation

Question 61

why is rotary drilling most popular?

Answer 61

safer, more efficient and powerful, and capable of drilling deeper

Question 62

what 2 types of power are created on a rig?

Answer 62

mechanical and electrical

Question 63

based on IADC what indicates a bit is PDC?

Answer 63

X123 (when there is a letter first)

Question 64

what parameter must you increase to reduce whirl?

Answer 64

WOB

Question 65

What are the parameters for the cost equation?

Answer 65

bit cost + rig cost(trip time + connection time + rotating time) /depth out - depth in

Question 66

if a non sealed bearing is graded as an 8, what does that indicate?

Answer 66

all life was used for that bearing (won't turn)

Question 67

on a tricone bit, what cone is the gauge cone?

Answer 67

the cone with a point at the end

Question 68

name an advantage on a top drive over a kelly rig

Answer 68

a top drive can pick up one stand of pipe at a time whereas a kelly can only pick up one joint at a time