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Chemistry > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

olfacation

A

smelling

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2
Q

vapor

A

solid/liquid at room temperature now is a a gas

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3
Q

solid

A

closely packed particles fixed shape and volume

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4
Q

gas

A

spaced out particles takes volume and shape of container

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5
Q

volatile

A

evaporates on its own

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6
Q

diffusion

A

gas spreads out(someone smells he fart)

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7
Q

effusion

A

gas passes through an orphis (fart)

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8
Q

Homogenous

A

looks the same throughout(compound, element, solution)

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9
Q

Pure Substances

A

purest/smallest form of a substance ( element, compound)

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10
Q

Mixture

A

a mix of 2 or more substances(solutions, colloids, suspensions

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11
Q

element

A

cant be broken down(pure)

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12
Q

compound

A

2 or more elements chemically combined(pure)

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13
Q

solution

A

particles size <10^-6cm(mixture) -tyndall, -filter

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14
Q

Heterogeneous

A

looks different throughout(colloids,suspensions)

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15
Q

Colloids

A

particle size between 10^-4cm> p > 10^-6 cm +tyndall, -filter (mixture)

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16
Q

suspensions

A

p>10^-4cm +tyndall, -filter(mixture)

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17
Q

caustic

A

eats away living

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18
Q

corrosive

A

eats away non living

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19
Q

flash point

A

lowest temperature where vapor can be ignited in air

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20
Q

acute health hazard

A

effects immediately after exposure

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21
Q

chronic health hazard

A

long term exposure

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22
Q

irritant

A

something that causes you to be irritiated

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23
Q

mutagen

A

induces a mutagen/increase rate of mutation (cancer)

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24
Q

oxidizer

A

adding oxygen to another substance

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25
stability
hard to react
26
reactivity
reacts easily
27
combustible
capable of burning (wood)(solid)
28
explosive
explodes(fire works)
29
flammable
combustible(liquid)
30
pyrophoric
produces sparks by friction( match)
31
volatile
evaporates rapidly
32
Tyndall Effect
laser through a substance if + heterogenous if - homogenous
33
molecules
2 or more atoms covalently bonded
34
compound
2 or more elements chemically compounded
35
indicators of a chemical reaction
change in: color,odor, temperature, formation f a precipitate, formation of a gas
36
indicators of a physical reaction
change in: texture, color, shape, temp, state
37
methods of separating a mixture
filtration, crystallization,distillation,chromatography, hand separation, evaporation, centrifuge,
38
crystallization
condense mixtures that crystalize at different temperatures
39
distillation
(sl,ll,) different boiling points
40
chromatography
filter paper stationary phase-solid, mobile phrase-liquid/gas
41
hand separation
separate by hand
42
evaporation
liquid from a solid dissolves leaving the solid
43
centrifuge
moves in a circle separating the different densities
44
period
rows
45
group
columns/families
46
atomic radius
across- down+
47
ionization energy
across+, down-how much energy t takes to pull away electrons
48
metal reactivity
down +, across -how easy it is for a meal to give up electrons in the valence shell
49
electronegativity
how good something is at taking electron down- across+ Fluorine is the most
50
metals
conduct electricity and heat, lose electrons easily, solid at room temp(except Hg), high melting point, forms metallic bonds, maleable, ductile
51
nonmetals
not good at conducting heat/electricity, room temp is either a s,l,g, has lower melting points , brittle when solid, easily gains electrons, not shiny
52
1 meter(m)
10^0
53
1 decimeter(dm)
10^-1 10dm=1 meter
54
1 centimeter(cm)
10^-2 100cm=1 meter
55
1 millimeter(mm)
10^-3 1000mm=1 meter
56
1 micrometer(um)
10^-6 1000000um=1 meter
57
1 dekameter(dam)
10^1 1dam=10meters
58
1 hectometer(hm)
10^2 1hm=100meters
59
1 kilometer(km)
10^3 1km=1000meters
60
1 Megameter (Mm)
10^6 1Mm=1000000meters
61
tare
when you 0 a balance
62
meniscus
the u shape that water makes so i order to measure it properly you must go to eye level
63
accuracy
how close a measurement is to the value
64
precision
how close the measurements are to each other
65
random types of eror
limits on measuring device, cause loss of precision, skew data on both sides of the accepted value line
66
systematic trpes of error
cause lack of accuracy, data is skewed to one side of accepted value, problem w/ procedure or device
67
percent error
excepted value minus actual value divided by actual value times a hundred
68
density
ratio of mass to volume, mass divided by volume
69
Sig figs
non zero numbers, zeros between 2 sig figs , zeros at the end of a decimal
70
add/sub w/ sig figs
round answer to the number with the smallest decimal places
71
div/multi w/ sig figs
round answer to number w/ least amount of sig figs
72
atomic isotopes
atoms at same element w/ different number of neutrons/different masses
73
average atomic mass
weighted average of all atomic isotopes
74
neutron
in nucleus charge 0 = 1 amu
75
proton
in nucleus +1, =1amu
76
electron
outside nucleus(orbitals) -1, =.0005 amu
77
electromagnetic spectrum
radiowave, microwave, infrare, visible ligth, uv rays, xrays, gamma rays
78
element spectra
excited electrons have different colors based on different energies, 1 color line for each element

Chemistry (7 decks)

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