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Introduction To The Philosophy Of The Human Person > MIDTERMS > Flashcards

MIDTERMS Flashcards

1
Q
  • Traditionally philosophy is defined as love of wisdom because it came from two Greek words _____ & ________
A

philos (love) and Sophia (wisdom)

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2
Q
  • It studies reasoning skills and different theories about the nature of reality, morality, society, justice, religious beliefs, and knowledge among others.
A

Philosophy

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3
Q

Philosophy is in this city that the first philosopher in the West, ____________, lived.

A

Thales

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4
Q

The Father of Philosophy in the Western civilization.

A

Thales

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5
Q
  • Looks at all aspects of the given problem or situation.
  • All aspects are given importance when making conclusions.
  • All aspects are tied in together to form a general overview of the problem or situation.
  • Sees the situation in totality.
A

Holistic Perspective (Holistic Thinking)

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6
Q
  • Looks at only limited number of aspects of the given problem or situation.
  • Conclusions are made based on considering some, but not all sides of the problem or situation.
  • Sees the situation in a restricted, narrow manner.
A

Partial Point Of View (Partial Thinking)

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7
Q

It is the ability to think logically. It is concerned with definitions, essences and technical solutions to problems.

A

Primary Reflection

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8
Q

According to Marcel, this type of reflection enables us to look deeper into our experiences and see the bigger picture of reality.

A

Secondary Reflection

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9
Q

____________ is a science devoted to the discovery of the proper method of acquiring and validating knowledge.

A

Epistemology

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10
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge (RPCPI)

A
  1. Reality
  2. Perception
  3. Concept
  4. Proposition
  5. Inference
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11
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
To know is to know something. This something is what the philosophers call reality, existence, and being. “Existence is really there is to know. If nothing exists knowledge is impossible.”

A

First step: Reality

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12
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
Our first and only contact with reality is through our senses. The senses give us knowledge of things or entities.

A

Second step: Perception

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13
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
An abstract or generic idea is generalized from particular instances. After we perceive things we began to notice that some of the things we perceive are similar to other things.

A

Third step: Concept

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14
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
A proportion is a statement that expresses either an assertion or a denial (Copi, 2002) that an existent belongs to a class or possesses a certain attribute.

A

Fourth step: Proposition

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15
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
Provide an argument.

A

Fifth step: Inference

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16
Q

3 Steps In Validating Knowledge

A

First: Asking questions
Second: Determine if the statement is true is to test it through action.
Third: Determine if the statement is true is through consensus.

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17
Q

knowledge validated and when we say validated, we mean they are based on the facts of reality.

A

Truth

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18
Q

summarize an opinion has the 4 following characteristics (BOCI)

A
  1. Based on emotions
  2. Open to interpretation
  3. Cannot be confirmed
  4. Inherently biased
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19
Q

Truth has the following characteristics (BCI)

A
  1. Based on the facts of reality
  2. Can be confirmed with other sources
  3. Independent of one’s interpretation, preferences and biases
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20
Q

Plato uses the cave as a symbolic representation of how human beings live in the world, contrasting reality versus our interpretation of it

A

The Allegory of the Cave

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21
Q

This is the prisoners’ belief in the shadows as reality highlights the need for critical thinking when distinguishing between truth and opinion.

A

The Allegory of the Cave

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22
Q

In our daily lives we encounter events and situations that we need to ponder and reflect on deeply. This activity requires a person to examine his/ her thoughts, feelings, and actions and learn from his/ her experience.

A

Philosophical Reflection

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23
Q

is a method of philosophy that seeks to make it relevant by solving real- life problems.

A

Pragmatic Method

24
Q

His main purpose was to build a philosophy free from any biases or preconceived biases.

A

Edmund Husserl

25
Q

are a group of statements that appear to be arguments but fail to support the conclusion.

A

Fallacies/ fake arguments

26
Q

This fallacy literally means hitting the person below the belt instead of focusing on the issue at hand.

A

Argumentum ad Hominem

27
Q

It asserts that a premise must be true because people have always believed it or done it.

A

Argumentum ad Traditionem

28
Q

It may conclude that the premise has always worked in the past and will always work in the future.

A

Argumentum ad Traditionem

29
Q

This fallacy is committed when one reaches a generalization based on insufficient evidence.

A

Hasty Generalization

30
Q

This is committed when a person uses threat or force to advance an argument.

A

Argumentum ad Baculum

31
Q

A person uses emotion such as pity to convince someone.

A

Argumentum ad Misercordiam

32
Q

It is an animating core living within each of us. It is known to be the driving force behind what we actually think, do and say.

A

Embodied Spirit

33
Q

A term used to separate man from other Human Classifications like animals.

A

Human Being

34
Q

A general term refers to the deepest and natural behaviour of a person that distinguish human from animals.

A

Human Nature

35
Q

It is the essential components of a human persons that deals with THE WHAT OF A PERSON which includes human persons’ belief, desire, dreams, and intentions.

A

Cognitive self

36
Q

(something can be seen in his/her physical appearance) which deals with the essential features of the human way of life or THE WHO OF A PERSON which includes his/her body type, strength and appearances.

A

Physical Self

37
Q

4 Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit (SESD)

A
  1. Self- awareness
  2. Externality
  3. Self- determination
  4. Dignity
38
Q

Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit:
refers to person having a clear perception of oneself, including his or her thoughts, emotions, identity, and actions (Abella, 2016).

A

Self- awareness

39
Q

Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit:
It is the capability of a person to reach-out and interact with others and the world.

A

Externality

40
Q

Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit:
is being fully determined by their environment. It refers to the capability of persons to make choices and decisions based on their own preferences.

A

Self- determination

41
Q

Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit:
It is the innate right to be valued and respected.

A

Dignity

42
Q

comes from the Latin prefix trans-, meaning “beyond,” and the word scandare, meaning “to climb.”

A

Transcendence

43
Q

When you achieve this, you have gone beyond ordinary limitations.

A

Transcendence

44
Q

Three approaches to understanding our relationship in the environment

A
  1. Cosmocentric Approach
  2. Theocentric Approach
  3. Anthropocentric Approach
45
Q

This approach focuses understanding our relationship to the environment shows that human beings are a microcosm of the cosmos.

A

Cosmocentric Approach

46
Q

a belief that the natural state of our universe should remain as it is, without human attempts to terraform planets for human habitation.

A

Cosmocentric

47
Q

this approach refers to an understanding coming from a religious interpretation. The center of all natural and supernatural reality is God. Human persons are the stewards of creation as mandated by God.

A

Theocentric Approach

48
Q

focuses on the significant role of humankind in the world and considers nature as the means by which humans are able to meet their needs and survive.

A

Anthropocentric Approach

49
Q

This view believes that humans are the most important species on the planet and they are free to transform nature and use its resources.

A

Anthropocentric Approach

50
Q

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

A

Sustainable Development

51
Q

3 Principles of Sustainability (EEE)

A

Environmental Integrity
Economic Efficiency
Equity

52
Q

means that any human activities or economic advances should not unduly disrupt the environment and human communities located in the area.

A

Environmental Integrity

53
Q

This is to ensure that there is minimum to zero waste in using our natural resources (Abella, 2016)

A

Economic Efficiency

54
Q

it refers to conserving our natural resources so that the future generations will still be able to use it (Abella, 2016)

A

Equity

55
Q

the capacity to direct and discipline one’s activities and behavior using reason.

A

Prudence

56
Q

the ability to have good judgment that allows avoidance of dangers and risks.

A

Prudence

57
Q

the quality of being thrifty. It is the careful supervision of one’s resources.

A

FRUGALITY

Introduction To The Philosophy Of The Human Person (8 decks)

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