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Introduction To The Philosophy Of The Human Person > MIDTERMS > Flashcards

MIDTERMS Flashcards

1
Q
  • Traditionally philosophy is defined as love of wisdom because it came from two Greek words _____ & ________
A

philos (love) and Sophia (wisdom)

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2
Q
  • It studies reasoning skills and different theories about the nature of reality, morality, society, justice, religious beliefs, and knowledge among others.
A

Philosophy

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3
Q

Philosophy is in this city that the first philosopher in the West, ____________, lived.

A

Thales

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4
Q

The Father of Philosophy in the Western civilization.

A

Thales

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5
Q
  • Looks at all aspects of the given problem or situation.
  • All aspects are given importance when making conclusions.
  • All aspects are tied in together to form a general overview of the problem or situation.
  • Sees the situation in totality.
A

Holistic Perspective (Holistic Thinking)

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6
Q
  • Looks at only limited number of aspects of the given problem or situation.
  • Conclusions are made based on considering some, but not all sides of the problem or situation.
  • Sees the situation in a restricted, narrow manner.
A

Partial Point Of View (Partial Thinking)

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7
Q

It is the ability to think logically. It is concerned with definitions, essences and technical solutions to problems.

A

Primary Reflection

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8
Q

According to Marcel, this type of reflection enables us to look deeper into our experiences and see the bigger picture of reality.

A

Secondary Reflection

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9
Q

____________ is a science devoted to the discovery of the proper method of acquiring and validating knowledge.

A

Epistemology

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10
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge (RPCPI)

A
  1. Reality
  2. Perception
  3. Concept
  4. Proposition
  5. Inference
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11
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
To know is to know something. This something is what the philosophers call reality, existence, and being. “Existence is really there is to know. If nothing exists knowledge is impossible.”

A

First step: Reality

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12
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
Our first and only contact with reality is through our senses. The senses give us knowledge of things or entities.

A

Second step: Perception

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13
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
An abstract or generic idea is generalized from particular instances. After we perceive things we began to notice that some of the things we perceive are similar to other things.

A

Third step: Concept

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14
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
A proportion is a statement that expresses either an assertion or a denial (Copi, 2002) that an existent belongs to a class or possesses a certain attribute.

A

Fourth step: Proposition

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15
Q

5 Process of Acquiring Knowledge:
Provide an argument.

A

Fifth step: Inference

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16
Q

3 Steps In Validating Knowledge

A

First: Asking questions
Second: Determine if the statement is true is to test it through action.
Third: Determine if the statement is true is through consensus.

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17
Q

knowledge validated and when we say validated, we mean they are based on the facts of reality.

A

Truth

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18
Q

summarize an opinion has the 4 following characteristics (BOCI)

A
  1. Based on emotions
  2. Open to interpretation
  3. Cannot be confirmed
  4. Inherently biased
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19
Q

Truth has the following characteristics (BCI)

A
  1. Based on the facts of reality
  2. Can be confirmed with other sources
  3. Independent of one’s interpretation, preferences and biases
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20
Q

Plato uses the cave as a symbolic representation of how human beings live in the world, contrasting reality versus our interpretation of it

A

The Allegory of the Cave

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21
Q

This is the prisoners’ belief in the shadows as reality highlights the need for critical thinking when distinguishing between truth and opinion.

A

The Allegory of the Cave

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22
Q

In our daily lives we encounter events and situations that we need to ponder and reflect on deeply. This activity requires a person to examine his/ her thoughts, feelings, and actions and learn from his/ her experience.

A

Philosophical Reflection

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23
Q

is a method of philosophy that seeks to make it relevant by solving real- life problems.

A

Pragmatic Method

24
Q

His main purpose was to build a philosophy free from any biases or preconceived biases.

A

Edmund Husserl

25
are a group of statements that appear to be arguments but fail to support the conclusion.
Fallacies/ fake arguments
26
This fallacy literally means hitting the person below the belt instead of focusing on the issue at hand.
Argumentum ad Hominem
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It asserts that a premise must be true because people have always believed it or done it.
Argumentum ad Traditionem
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It may conclude that the premise has always worked in the past and will always work in the future.
Argumentum ad Traditionem
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This fallacy is committed when one reaches a generalization based on insufficient evidence.
Hasty Generalization
30
This is committed when a person uses threat or force to advance an argument.
Argumentum ad Baculum
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A person uses emotion such as pity to convince someone.
Argumentum ad Misercordiam
32
It is an animating core living within each of us. It is known to be the driving force behind what we actually think, do and say.
Embodied Spirit
33
A term used to separate man from other Human Classifications like animals.
Human Being
34
A general term refers to the deepest and natural behaviour of a person that distinguish human from animals.
Human Nature
35
It is the essential components of a human persons that deals with THE WHAT OF A PERSON which includes human persons’ belief, desire, dreams, and intentions.
Cognitive self
36
(something can be seen in his/her physical appearance) which deals with the essential features of the human way of life or THE WHO OF A PERSON which includes his/her body type, strength and appearances.
Physical Self
37
4 Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit (SESD)
1. Self- awareness 2. Externality 3. Self- determination 4. Dignity
38
Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit: refers to person having a clear perception of oneself, including his or her thoughts, emotions, identity, and actions (Abella, 2016).
Self- awareness
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Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit: It is the capability of a person to reach-out and interact with others and the world.
Externality
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Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit: is being fully determined by their environment. It refers to the capability of persons to make choices and decisions based on their own preferences.
Self- determination
41
Qualities of Human person as an embodied spirit: It is the innate right to be valued and respected.
Dignity
42
comes from the Latin prefix trans-, meaning "beyond," and the word scandare, meaning "to climb."
Transcendence
43
When you achieve this, you have gone beyond ordinary limitations.
Transcendence
44
Three approaches to understanding our relationship in the environment
1. Cosmocentric Approach 2. Theocentric Approach 3. Anthropocentric Approach
45
This approach focuses understanding our relationship to the environment shows that human beings are a microcosm of the cosmos.
Cosmocentric Approach
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a belief that the natural state of our universe should remain as it is, without human attempts to terraform planets for human habitation.
Cosmocentric
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this approach refers to an understanding coming from a religious interpretation. The center of all natural and supernatural reality is God. Human persons are the stewards of creation as mandated by God.
Theocentric Approach
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focuses on the significant role of humankind in the world and considers nature as the means by which humans are able to meet their needs and survive.
Anthropocentric Approach
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This view believes that humans are the most important species on the planet and they are free to transform nature and use its resources.
Anthropocentric Approach
50
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainable Development
51
3 Principles of Sustainability (EEE)
Environmental Integrity Economic Efficiency Equity
52
means that any human activities or economic advances should not unduly disrupt the environment and human communities located in the area.
Environmental Integrity
53
This is to ensure that there is minimum to zero waste in using our natural resources (Abella, 2016)
Economic Efficiency
54
it refers to conserving our natural resources so that the future generations will still be able to use it (Abella, 2016)
Equity
55
the capacity to direct and discipline one’s activities and behavior using reason.
Prudence
56
the ability to have good judgment that allows avoidance of dangers and risks.
Prudence
57
the quality of being thrifty. It is the careful supervision of one’s resources.
FRUGALITY

Introduction To The Philosophy Of The Human Person (8 decks)

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