Midterms Flashcards by Josef Mikael Oclarit

Other names for sternum

Necktie
Dagger
Shield
Escutcheon

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Function of sternum

Carina and Thymus

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Parts of the Sternum

Manubrium
Body/Shaft
Xiphoid process

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Vertebral landmark for Manubriosternal jt

T4-T5

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Vertebral landmark for Carina

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Vertebral landmark for Suprasternal notch

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Vertebral landmark for Xiphoid process

T10

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Dermatomal landmark for Xiphoid process

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Shape of clavicle

Long, flat, twisted, S-Shaped bone

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Other names of the clavicle

Strut
Collar

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Orientation of the medial 2/3 of the clavicle

Convex

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Orientation of the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle

Concave

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Congenital absence of bilateral clavicle

Cleidocranial Dysostosis

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When does ossification of the clavicle begin?

7th month (3rd trimester)

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Shape of the scapula

Flat and triangular

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Other name of scapula

Shoulder blade

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Parts of the scapula

Medial border
Lateral border
Superior border
Superior angle
Inferior border
Inferior angle
Glenoid fossa
Spine of scapula
Acromion
Supraspinous fossa
Infraspinous fossa
Subscapular fossa
Coracoid process
Supraglenoid tubercle
Infraglenoid tubercle

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Vertebral landmark for Superior angle of scapula

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Vertebral landmark for Inferior angle of scapula

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Vertebral landmark for Spine of Scapula

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Largest, longest, and heaviest bone of the UE

Humerus

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Parts of the humerus

Head
Neck
Medial lip
Lateral lip
Floor
Roof

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What muscle inserts into the medial lip of the humerus?

Teres Major

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What muscle inserts into the lateral lip of the humerus?

Pec Major

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What muscle inserts into the floor of the humerus?

Latissimus Dorsi

What ligaments insert into the roof of the humerus?

Transverse Humeral Ligament Coracohumeral Ligament

What muscles insert into the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor

What inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

Subscapularis

Characteristics of the medial condyle relative to the lateral condyle

Wider, longer, and more distal Contains Trochlea

Characteristics of the lateral condyle relative to the medial condyle

More anterior Contains capitulum

Mobile WAD of 3

Brachioradialis ECRL ECRB

What type of a joint is the SC joint?

Saddle/Sellar

DoF of SC jt

3 DoF

OPP of SC jt

Arms at side

CPP of SC jt

90 degrees ABD Full elevate Protract

Requirements for full elevation

Rotation of Clavicle Inferior glide of humeral head Scapular stabilization ER of Humerus

What type of joint is the AC jt?

Modified plane jt

DoF of plane jt

3 DoF

OPP of AC jt

Arms at side

Ligaments of the AC joint

Acromioclavicular Coracoacromial Coracoclavicular

Weakest ligament of the AC joint

Ac ligament

Parts of the CC ligament

Trapezoid Conoid

What type of joint is the ST jt?

Functional and Modified planar joint

Shoulder rhythm

After 30 degree elev, there is 2:1 ratio between GH:ST

DDx for reverse shoulder rhythm

AdCap RA Scoliosis

What type of joint is the GH joint?

Ball-and-socket

OPP of GH joint

55 abduct 30 Horizontal Add

CPP of GH joint

Abduction ER

Weak spot in between the superior and middle ligaments of GH joint that leads to anterior shoulder dislocation

Foramen of Weitbrecht

Weak spot in between the middle and inferior ligaments of GH joint that leads to inferior shoulder dislocation

Foramen of Rouviere

Ligaments of the GH joint

GH (Superior, Middle, Inferior) Coracohumeral ligamentr

Actions of the subclavius

Stabilizes clavicular rotaiton

Innervation of subclavius

Nerve to subclavius

Innervation of the Pectoralis Major

Medial and Lateral pectoral nn

Fibers of the Pecs Major responsible for flexion

Clavicular head

Fibers of the Pecs Major responsible for extension

Sternocostal Head

Action of Pec Minor

Depresses scapula Assists Pec Major

1st muscle to be innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve

Coracobrachialis

Strongest Rotator Cuff Muscle

Supraspinatus

Action of Supraspinatus

Initiates first 90 degrees of abduction

Innervation of Supraspinatus

Suprascapular nerve

Chief ER muscle

Infraspinatus

Innervation of Infraspinatus

Suprascapular nerve

Special test for Infraspinatus

Horn blower's Patte's sign

Action of Teres Minor

Innervation of Teres Minor

Axillary nn

Chief IR muscle

Subscapularis

Innervation of Subscapularis

Upper and Lower subscapular nerves

Insertion of the subscapularis

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Stabilizing muscles of the trunk

Serratus Ant Trapezius Levator Scapulae Rhomboids Lats Dorsi

Action of SA

Protraction/Scaption

What type of winging is there when there is affectation of the LTN?

Medial winging (Open book)

What surgery may lead to medial winging?

Radical Mastectomy

What type of winging is present when there is affectation of the CN XI

Lateral Winging (Sliding door)

What surgery may lead to Lateral winging?

Radial Neck Dissection

What type of winging is present when there is affectation of the rhomboids?

Posterior/Dorsal Scapular Tipping

What type of winging is present when there is affectation of the levator scapulae?

Posterior Scapular Winging

What postural problem may lead to dorsal scapular nerve impingement?

Pecs Minor tightness

Broadest muscle

Lats Dorsi

Crutch walking ms

Lats Dorsi

OKC action of Lats Dorsi

Extension Adduction IR

CKC action of Lats

Posterior Pelvic Rotation

Action of Teres Major

Extension Adduction IR

Innervation of the Teres Major

Lower subscapular nerve

Action of anterior fibers of deltoids

Shoulder flex Horizontal Add IR

Action of middle fibers of deltoids

Shoulder abduction

Action of posterior fiber of deltoids

ER Horizontal Abduction

Innervation of deltoids

Axillary nn

Nerve roots of the musculocutaneous nerve

C5-C7

Nerve roots of the axillary nerve

C5-C6

Nerve roots of the median nerve

C5-T1

Nerve roots of the ulnar nerve

C8-T1

Nerve roots of the radial nerve

C5-C8

Components of the Cubital Fossa from lateral to medial

Brachioradialis Radial nerve Biceps tendon Brachial artery Median nerve Pronator Teres

Normal carrying angle for males

5-10 degrees

Normal carrying angle for females

10-15 degrees

What type of joint is the HU joint?

Modified Hinge/Modified Ginglymus joint

Articulation of the HU joint

Trochlea and Trochlear notch

Ligaments of the HU joint

MCL

Fibers of the MCL of the elbow

Anterior Transverse Posterior

What type of joint is the Humeroradial joint?

Modified Hinge/Ginglymus Joint

Ligament of the HR joint

LCL

Fibers of the HR joint

Lateral Radial Lateral Ulnar

What type of joint is the PRU jt?

Pivot

Articulation of the PRU joint

Radial head and radial notch

Ligaments of the PRU joint

Annular Oblique cord Quadrate ligament

Shape of radial head

Convex

Shape of the radial notch

Concave

Chief forearm supinator muscle

Biceps brachii

Strongest elbow flexor

Biceps brachii

How to isolate biceps?

Shoulder and elbow flex c forearm supination

Origin of the short head of the biceps brachii

coracoid process

Origin of the long head of the biceps brachii

supraglenoid tubercle

Position of the elbow when its 4x stronger

Elbow flexed at 90 degrees c supination

Position of the elbow wherein its 2x stronger

Elbow extended c supination

Weakest position of the biceps brachii

Full flexion c supination

Another name for Brachialis

Elbow flexor par excellence

Muscle that is present in all elbow joint positions

Brachialis

Supinator longus

Brachioradialis

Largest 2 jointed ms

Triceps brachii

Which head of the Triceps is the strongest ?

Lateral head

Origin of the long head of triceps

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Origin of the lateral head of the triceps

Upper half of the posterior surface of the humerus

Origin of the medial head of the triceps

Lower half of the posterior surface of the humerus

Insertion of triceps

Olecranon process

This muscle supports, assist, and maintains stability of elbow extension

Anconeus

Pronator that is active in all positions or speed

Pronator Teres

Pronator that is active in extension and slow pronation

Pronator Quadratus

When is radiocarpal joint active?

First 50 degrees of wrist flexion

When is the midcarpal joint active?

The remaining 35 degrees of wrist flexion after radiocarpal joint activation

Origin of extrinsic muscles

Forearm/Humerus

Origin of intrinsic muscles

Wrist and hand

Carpal bones from lateral to medial

Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

Most commonly fractured carpal bone

Scaphoid

Navicular of the hand

Scaphoid

Floor of anatomical snuffbox

Scaphoid

Avascular necrosis of the Scaphoid

Preisser's disease

Most commonly dislocated carpal bone

Lunate

Boundaries of the scaphoid

Lateral: APL, EPB Medial: EPol

Bed of Pisiform

Triquetrum

Smallest carpal bone

Pisiform

What type of bone is the Pisiform?

Sesamoid bone

Another name for trapezium

Greater multangular

Lesser multangular

Trapezoid

Largest carpal bone

Capitate

Another name for capitate

Os Magnum

1st carpal bone to ossify

Capitate

Another name for Hamate

Unciform

Order of ossification of carpal bones

Capitate Hamate Triquetrum Lunate Trapezium Trapezoid Pisiform

How many months/years does it take for capitate to ossify?

6 mos

How many months/years does it take for Hamate to ossify?

7 mos

How many months/years does it take for Triquetrum to ossify

3 y/o

How many months/years does it take for Lunate to ossify

5 y/o

How many months/years does it take for Trapezium and Trapezoid to ossify?

6 y/o

How many months/years does it take for Pisiform to ossify?

12 y/o

What type of joint is the CMC joint?

Saddle

Articulation of the 1st CMC

Trapezium and 1st MTT

Flexor zones

1: insertion of FDP 2: insertion of FDS 3: neck of metacarpals 4: carpal tunnel 5: area proximal to wrist

Zone of no man's island

Zone 2

Components of the carpal tunnel

4 FDP 4 FDS 1 median nn 1 FPL

Extensor Tunnel

1: APL EPB 2: ECRL ECRB 3: EPL 4: ED EI 5: EDM 6: ECU

Extensor tunnel affected during DQT

Extensor zones

1: DIP 2: Mid phalanx 3: PIP 4: Prox phalanx 5: MCP 6: Metacarpals 7: Carpals

most common type of dislocation

m/c MOI on shoulder dislocations

Trauma Overuse Congenital abnormalities

m/c direction of dislocation of elbow

Posterior

m/c direction of dislocation of Lunate

m/c direction of dislocation of Hip

Posterior

m/c direction of dislocation of Knee

m/c direction of dislocation of Patella

Lateral

m/c direction of dislocation of Ankle

Posterior

Common S/SX of dislocation

Pain Deformity Swelling LOM Radiating numbness

Anteroinferior labral tearing resulting in pulling away of the labrum

Bankart lesion

Avulsion of the greater tuberosity that leads to posterolateral tear in the GH joint

Hill-Sachs lesion

A lesion in the shoulder that has posterior labral tearing and has possibly an axillary nn damage

Bennett's lesion

An injury affecting the Biceps tendon that is caused by overuse activities leading to decreased overhead activities

SLAP lesion

Best position for shoulder dislocations

D2 ext

Contraindicated position for shoulder dislocations

D2 flex

Another name for Ad Cap

Frozen shoulder Diabetes Periarthritis

Most painful stage of Ad Cap

Freezing

Stage of Ad Cap where there is most LOM

Frozen

Stage of ad cap where there us no infalmmation, no pain but, has pain upon movement

Thawing

Rockwood classification of AC jt injury wherein there is AC sprain but intact CC

Rockwood classification of AC jt injury wherein AC is torn and there is CC sprain

Rockwood classification of AC jt injury wherein both AC and CC are torn and CC is widened by 25-100%

III

Rockwood classification of AC jt injury wherein there is presence of symptoms in classification III + clavicle id displaced posteriorly

Rockwood classification of AC jt injury wherein there is presence of symptoms in III + CC space widens to 100%; Trapezius and deltoids are detached

Rockwood classification of AC jt injury wherein there is symptoms of III and clavicle is displaced inferiorly

most common cause of shoulder pain

Subacromial bursitis

2nd most common cause of shoulder pain

Bicipital tendinitis

Special tests for bicipital tendinitis

Speed's Yergason

Other name for CPRS 2 CVA

Shoulder hand syndrome

Stages of CRPS

I - acute II - dystrophic III - atrophic IV - psychological

An injury caused by impingement of the subclavian artery and brachial plexus

TOS

Sites of impingement in TOS

Cervical rib (Rib at C7) Between clavicle and first rib Superior thoracic outlet Scalene triangle (between anterior and middle scalene)

Borders of the triangles of the neck

Anterior: medial neck line Posterior: trapezius Medial: Medial 1/3 of clavicle Superior: Mandible

Triangles divided by the inferior omohyoid

Occipital triangle and Suprascapular triangle

Anterior triangles

Digastric/Submandibular Submental Carotid Muscular

Muscles affected in Lateral Epicondylitis

Mobile WAD of 3 + ED

Muscles affected in Medial epicondyle

Pronator teres (m/c) FCR

An injury wherein the radial head is dislocated from the annular ligament

Nursemaid's elbow

Acute Olecranon Bursitis

Student's elbow

Chronic Olecranon Bursitis

Miner's/Draftman's elbow

Another name for Anterior Forearm Compartment Syndrome

Volkmann's Ischemic Contracture

What motion is spared in Volkmann's Ischemic Contracture?

Extension

MOI of Boxer's elbow

Hyperextension of elbow and overload syndrome

Another name for Boxer's elbow

Thrower's elbow

Osteochondrosis/Osteochondritis/Necrosis of the Capitulum

Panner's disease

Avascular necrosis of Lunate

Kienbock's

Avascular necrosis of Avascular necrosis of Distal Lunate

Burns

Avascular necrosis of Spine and vertebral endplates

Scheuermann's

Avascular necrosis of Vertebral body

Calves

Avascular necrosis of Femoral head in children

LCPD

Avascular necrosis of Femoral head in adult

Chandler

Avascular necrosis of Navicular

Kohler's

Avascular necrosis of 2nd MTP

Freiberg's

Avascular necrosis of Talus

Diaz

Avascular necrosis of Calcaneus

Sever's

Avascular necrosis of Tibial tuberosity

Osgood-Schlatter

MOI of scaphoid fracture

FOOSH

ST for scaphoid fracture

Watson's

ST for lunate dislocation

Murphy's

Stages of Kienbock's

I: sclerosis II: fragmentation III: collapse IV: arthritis

Congenital shortening of the radius

Madelung's

LOM present in Madelung's

1st: Wrist ext 2nd: FA supination 3: FA pronation

Boundaries of the Bicipital Groove

Medial: Teres Major Lateral: Pect Major Roof: Transverse Humeral Ligament Floor: Lats Dorsi

Contracture of the palmar fascia common on the 4th and 5th digit

Dupuytren's contracture

Dupuytren stage 1

0-45 degrees

Dupuytren stage 2

46-90 degrees

Dupuytren stage 3

91-135 degrees

Dupuytren stage 4

136-180 degrees

Rupture of the lateral band of EDC

Mallet finger

Rupture of the central slip of EDC

Boutonniere's

Position of finger in Boutonniere's

PIP flex, DIP et MCP hyperextend

Rupture of the FDS

Swan-neck deformity

Position of finger in Swan-neck

DIP flex, PIP ext, MCP flex

UCL tear of thumb

Gatekeeper's thumb

UCL + adductor pollicis tear

Stener's lesion

Avulsion of FDP tendon at insertion

Jersey finger

Mechanical locking of the 3rd and 4th fingers caused by inflammation and thickening of the A1 pulley

Trigger finger

What is the importance of pulley in fingers?

Anchor tendons to the finger bone

number of bones in B LE

number of bones in B UE

4 bones of the pelvis

1 sacrum 1 coccyx 2 innominate

Largest innominate bone

Ilium

Orientation of Ilium

Anterior and Superior

Orientation of Ischium

Most posterior and Inferior

Orientation of Pubis

Anterior and Inferior

Origin of the straight head of Rectus Fem

AIIS

Origin of the reflected head of Rectus Fem

Ilium above acetabulum

Vertebral landmark of Psoas

T12 to L5

Origin of Iliacus

Iliac fossa

Common origin of GMax, GMed, and GMin

Posterior Ilium

Origin of Gracilis

Inferior ramus of Pubis, ramus of Ischium

Origin of Adductor longus

Body of pubis

Origin of Adductor Brevis

Inferior ramus of pubis

Origin of Adductor Magnus

Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of Ischium, Ischial tuberosity

Origin of obturator internus

Inner surface of obturator membrane

Normal acetabular roof angle

< 30 degrees

a vertical line drawn on a radiograph through the lateral edge of the acetabulum

Perkin's line

arc-like line drawn on a radiograph along the inferior border of the superior pubic ramus and the medial border of the femoral neck

Shenton's line

a horizontal line drawn through the triradiate cartilage (the junction where the three parts of the hip bone meet) of both hips on a radiograph.

Hilgenreiner's line

Components of counternutation

Flexion Lumbar Curve Anterior Pelvic Tilt Counternutation Extension of Spine

Provides support to the lower abdominal organs, such as the intestines.

Greater (False) Pelvis

Plays a crucial role in childbirth, forming the birth canal.

Lesser (True) Pelvis

Organs that the Lesser pelvis support

Rectum Bladder Internal reproductive organs

What divides the true and false pelvis?

Pelvic brim

Borders of the pelvic brim

Anterior: Symphysis pubis Posterior Sacral Promontory Lateral: Iliopectoral line

Borders of the False Pelvis

Posterior: Lumbar vertebrae Lateral: Ischial spines and inner surfaces of the Ischium Anterior: Pubic symphysis

Borders of the True Pelvis

Posterior: Sacrum and Coccyx Lateral: Ischial spines and inner surfaces of Ischium Anterior: Pubic symphysis

Normal angle of pelvic tilt

7-15 degrees

Normal pelvic inclination

50-60 degrees

Normal sacral angle

30 degrees

CPP of SI joint

Nutation

Main connection of spine to LE

Sacroiliac joint

Another name for hip joint

Coxofemoral joint Acetabulofemoral joint

OPP of hip joint

30 degrees flex, 30 degrees abd, slight ER

CPP of hip joint

Ext, Add, IR

CP of hip joint

IR F Ab

Orientation of acetabulum

Superior Anterior Medial

Orientation of glenoid

Superior Anterior Lateral

Strongest muscle in the body

Masseter

Another name for acetabulum

Vinegar's cup

Top 3 largest bones in the body

Femur Tibia Humerus

Another name of Iliofemoral joint

Y ligament of Bigelow

Movement primarily limited by Iliofemoral joint

Extension

Movement primarily limited by Ischiofemoral joint

Movement primarily limited by Pubofemoral joint

Abduction

Origin of Iliofemoral joint

AIIS

Origin of Ischiofemoral joint

Ischium

Origin of Pubofemoral joint

Pubis

Articulation of the femur

Lunate surface of the acetabulum

Center-edge angle

Angle of Wiberg

Normal center-edge angle

> 25 degrees

Angle of inclination

Neck-shaft angle

Normal angle of inclination in children

150-160 degrees

Normal angle of inclination in adults

120-135 degrees

< 120 degrees of inclination angle

Coxa vara

> 135 degrees of inclination angle

Coxa valga

Normal angle of torsion

15 degrees

> 15 degrees angle of torsion

Anteversion

< 15 degrees of angle of torsion

Retroversion

Longest muscle in the body

Sartorius

Blood supply of the head of femur in children

Oburator artery

Blood supply of the head of femur in adults

Medial and lateral femoral circumflex artery

Muscles that attach to the Greater Trochanter

Glutes Hamstrings Adductors E Rotators (except quadratus femoris) I Rotators

Muscle that attaches to the lesser trochanter

Iliopsoas

Muscle that attaches to the quadrate tubercle

Quadratus Femoris

Muscle that attaches to the Linea aspera

Adductor Brevis, Longus, and Magnus

Muscle that attaches to the pectineal line

Pectineus

Muscle that attaches to the gluteal tubercle

GMax

Tailor's muscle

Sartorius

Pocket muscle

TFL

Hip flexors

Iliopsoas Sartorius TFL Rectus femoris

Primary hip extensor

GMax

Hip extensors

GMax Hamstrings

Hip adductors

Gracilis Adductors MBL Pectineus

Hip E Rotators

Piriformis Obturators Int/Ext Gemelli Sup/Int Quadratus Fem

Hip I Rotators

G Med G Min TFL Piriformis

Articulations of the knee

Patellofemoral joint Medial and Lateral Tibiofemoral joint

Function of patella

Protects anterior portion of the knee

Normal Q angle

13-18 degrees

Facets of the knee

Superior Inferior lateral Medial Odd

What facets are in contact with femur during 20 degrees of flexion?

Medial and Lateral facets

What facets are in contact with the femur during > 90 degrees of flexion?

Odd

What facets are in contact with the femur during > 90 degrees of extension

All except odd

Miserable malalignments

Broad pelvis Increased Anteversion Genu Valgum Patella Alta Increased Q Angle External Tibial Torsion Pes Planus

Tautest position of MCL

Lateral Rotation Extension

Ossification of the MCL

Pellegrini Stieda

Tautest position of LCL

Knee ext

Location of cruciate ligaments

Intracapsular, Extrasynovial

In what plane does cruciates provide stability

Sagittal

Orientation of ACL

Posterior Superior Lateral

Tautest position of ACL

Extension IR

Orientation of PCL

Superior Anterior Medial

A ligament from the semimembranosus that reinforces the posteromedial knee

Oblique Popliteal Ligament

A ligament from the popliteus that reinforces the posterolateral aspect of the knee

Arcuate ligament

ALRI structures

ACL ITB LM LCL

AMRI structues

ACL MCL

PMRI structures

PCL MCL

PLRI structures

PCL LCL

Borers of the popliteal fossa

Sup: Hamstrings Med: Semiten, Semimem Lateral: Biceps fem Inf: Medial and Lateral gastrocs

Patellar load when walking

0.3 x BW

Patellar load when Climbing stairs

2.5 x BW

Patellar load when Descending stairs

3.5 x BW

Patellar load when squatting

7 x BW

Clinical presentations of a pt c increased Q angle

Wide pelvis Femoral anteversion Coxa Vara Genu Valgum Laterally displaced tibial tuberosity

Peak activity of hamstrings during gait

Terminal swing

Action of Tailor's ms

Hip FABER Knee flex and IR

ST for Gracilis

Phelp's

Only 2 jointed adductor

Gracilis`

Severe contusion of quads

Charley Horse

Strongest knee extensor

Vastus intermedius

Nerve root of hamstrings

L5 S1 S2

Nerve root of Gracilis

L2 L3

Nerve root of Gastrocs

S1 S2

Nerve root of Plantaris

S1 S2

Nerve root of Popliteus

L4 L5 S1

Nerve root of TFL

L4 L5

Pes anserine muscles

Sartorius Gracilis Semiten

How much wt does Tibia bear

90%

m/c site of stress fracture in runners

Tibia

m/c site of non-union fracture

distal 1/3 of tibia

A condition where there is inflammation of tibial tuberosity

Osgood- Schlatter

Wt bearing portion of tibia

Tibial plafond

Most contraindicated modality in pts c Osgood-Schlatter

Other name for Superior TF joint

Forgotten joint

What type of joint is the TF joint?

Plane/Gliding joint

What type of joint is the inferior TF joint?

Syndesmosis

Anterior compartment

TA EDL PT EHL EDB

Nerve root of peroneus

L5 S1 S2

Another name for plantaris

Freshman's nn

A condition wherein a pt has (-) muscles that start c letter P

Poland's syndrome

Deepest muscle of the calf

Tibialis post

m/c joint injured in sports

Talocrural

What type of joint is the TC joint?

Hinge

Lateral collateral ligaments

ANTAFI POTAFI CAFI

Medial collateral ligaments

ANTATI POTATI CATI TINA

MOI of ANTAFI sprain

PF and Inversion

MOI of CAFI sprain

DF/Neutral and inversion

ST for CAFI sprain

Talar tilt test

Least commonly sprain ligament of the ankle

POTAFI

Strongest ligament of the ankle deltoid ligament

MCL

Normal hallux valgus angle

< 15 degrees

Another name for talus

Astragalus

Another name for calcaneus

Os Calcis

Strongest and stoutest MTT

1st MTT

Longest and thinnest MTT

2nd MTT

Most stable MTT

2nd MTT

Stress fracture of 2nd MTT

March Fx

Avascular necrosis of 2nd MTT

Freiberg

Fracture of 5th MTT base

Jones Fx

Inflammation of the 5th MTT

Iselin disease

Morton's foot

2>1>3>4>5

Index minus foot

1>2>3>4>5

Index plus foot

1=2>3>4>5

When does the plantar fascia tighten?

DF of MTP

Ligament that supports the medial longitudinal arch

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament/Spring ligament

Supporters of LLA

Long plantar ligament Peroneus longus tendon

When is posterior innominate bone longer?

Sitting

When is anterior innominate longer?

Supine

Inflammation of pubis and symphysis pubis

Osteitis Pubis

X-Ray Appearance of Osteitis Pubis

White; moth-eaten appearance

Treatment for Osteitis Pubis

Baclofen Rood’s techniques

Treatment for Osteitis Pubis

Baclofen Rood’s techniques

Avascular necrosis of femoral head in children

LCPD

Another name for LCPD

Coxa Plana

Another name for LCPD

Coxa Plana

Stages of LCPD

1: Necrosis 2: Fragmentation 3: Revascularization 4: Remodel 5: Heat

Downward slippage of femoral neck

SCFE

Radiographic findings of SCFE

Bird beak appearance

Radiographic findings of SCFE

Bird beak appearance

Another name of Snapping Hip

Coxa Saltan Runner’s hip

Cause of internal snapping hip

Tight TFL/ITB

Cause of internal snapping hip

Tight TFL/ITB

Cause of external snapping hip

GMax overriding GT Tight iliopsoas overriding femoral head

Ectopic deposition of calcium in the muscle

Myositis Ossificans

Severe contusion of adductors

Rider’s bone

Severe contusion of adductors

Rider’s bone

Blood test for Myositis Ossificans

Alkaline Phosphatate

Blood test for Myositis Ossificans

Alkaline Phosphatate

Medication for Myositis Ossificans

Dissodium Ethidronate

Medication for Myositis Ossificans

Dissodium Ethidronate

Inflammation of the tibial tubercle

Osgood-Schlatter

Chipped lateral aspect of femur

Osteochondritis Dissecans

When does pain reproduce in pts c Osteochondritis Dissecans?

Knee ext

When does pain reproduce in pts c Osteochondritis Dissecans?

Knee ext

ST for Osteochondritis Dissecans

Wilson’s test

ST for Osteochondritis Dissecans

Wilson’s test

Excessively high patella

Patella alta

Low-riding patella

Patella Baja

Causes of PFPS

Tight ITB Weak VMO Strong vastus lateralis Tight lateral retinaculum

Proper name for shin splints

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome

Stages of PFPS

1: Swelling 2: Fissuring 3: Deformed surface 4: Femoral cartilage involvement

Hyperextension injury combined with compressive loading to the MTP jt.

Turf toe

weakness of the intrinsic muscles of the foot and widening of the forefoot

Splay foot

Osteophyte formation at the dorsal aspect of Big Toe

Hallux Rigidus

Gait deviation present in Hallux Rigidus

Apropulsive Gait

Medial angulation of the great toe at the MTP jt.

Hallux Varus

Lateral angulation of the great toe at the MTP jt.

Hallux Valgus

Lateral angulation of the great toe at the MTP jt.

Hallux Valgus

Midterms Flashcards

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