Minerals

Question 1

Chromium Cr-

Function and Deficiency

Answer 1

Glucose tolerance factor

impaired glucose tolerance

Question 2

Cobalt Co

deficiency

Answer 2

pernicious anemia B12

Question 3

Magnesium

Function and Deficiency

Answer 3

binds to ATP - muscle contraction and relaxation, protein production, enzymes

hyerexcitability, muscle weakness, sleepy

Question 4

Iodine I

Function and Deficiency

Answer 4

SeThyroxine T4 and Triiodothyronine T3

cretinism - children (learning and phys disability)

goiter (butterfly thyroid) and myxedema (hypothyroidism) - adults

Question 5

Selenium Se

function

Answer 5

cofactor

glutathione peroxidase

Question 6

Zinc Ze

Function and Deficiency

Answer 6

cofactor

carbonic anhydrase

impaired wound healing

Question 7

Flouride F

Function and Deficiency

Answer 7

increase hardness of teeth

dental caries

XS = hyperfluorosis

Question 8

B12 activates what enzyme

Answer 8

methionine synthase

Question 9

Methionine -→

Answer 9

Homocysteine Hcy

Question 10

Methionine -→ Homocystein via *

Answer 10

demethylation CH3

Question 11

B12 gives ___ to ___

Answer 11

methyl group

homocysteine

Question 12

B9 gives ___ to ___

Answer 12

methyl group

B12

Question 13

B9 deficiency affects __ and vice verse

Answer 13

B12

B9 and B12

Question 14

B12 deficiency causes which anemia

Answer 14

pernicious anemia if its decrease from intrinsic factor

mesoblastic anemia if it is vegetarian diet

Question 15

deficiency in B vitamins during remythlation cycle you will create a ___ deficiency

Answer 15

methionine

Question 16

Iron Absorption
Fe 3+ =

Answer 16

Ferric most active form

Question 17

Iron Absorption

Fe 2+ =

Answer 17

ferrous most absorbable

Question 18

Fe3+ can be found in

Answer 18

food

Question 19

Fe2+ can be absorbed in

Answer 19

the intestines

Question 20

Fe3+ -→ ___ -→ Fe3+ used in the body

Answer 20

Food -→ intestines -→ body

Ferric -→ ferrous -→ Ferric again

via vitamin C and Cu2+

Question 21

A mineral deficiency of calcium or mg results in

Answer 21

tetany because calcium and magnesium track together

Question 22

Antioxidants are ACEs

Answer 22

Vitamin A , C , E , selenium

glutahthione, lipoid acid, CoQ10

Question 23

PTH __ serum calcium

Answer 23

increases

Question 24

Calcitonin __ serum calcium

Answer 24

decreases

calcitonin tones down calcium in blood