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mini 2 Flashcards

1
Q

antitussive

A

centrally acting
opiods - codeine
non opiods - dextromethorphan

peripheral - prenoxdiazine

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2
Q

expectorants

A

reflex acting- guaifenesin
thermopsis

directly - sodium bicarbonate
potassium iodide
ambroxol
acetylcysteine

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3
Q

bronchial asthma- Broncho dilators (M, A, M)

A

muscarinic antagonists - ipratropium

adrenergic agonists =
non selective - epinephrine ab
ephedrine ab
isoprenaline b123

selective B2 -
short - salbutamol, fenoterol
long - salmeterol, formoterol

methylxanthine - aminophylline
theophylline

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4
Q

anti-inflammatory- corticosteroids

A

inhaled - beclomethasone
budesonide
fluticasone
flunisolide

systemic - prednisolone
methylprednisolone

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5
Q

anti-inflammatory - ( leuko, mast cell, anti Ig E)

A

leukotriene pathway inhibitors-
zileuton
montelukast
zafirlukast

mastcell stabilizer-
cromogylicic acid
nedocromil

anti Ig E-
omalizumab

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6
Q

hypotensive - diuretics

A

thiazide-
indapamide, hydroclorothiazide

loop - furosemide, torsemide, ethacrynic acid

k+ sparing -
spironolactone
triamterene

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7
Q

hypotensive - Sympathoplegic Drugs

A

Centrally acting sympathoplegics: clonidine, methyldopa

Ganglionic blockers ; hexamethonium, Trimetaphan

Postganglionic sympathetic neuron blockers (sympatholytics); guanethidine, reserpine

Alpha adrenoreceptor blockers ; prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

beta adrenoblockers;
(metoprolol, bisoprolol, nebivolol

alpha beta adrenoceptor blockers; labetalol, carvedilol

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8
Q

hypotensive- Direct Vasodilators

A

arteriolar vasodilators: diazoxide, hydralazine, fenoldopam, minoxidil

calcium channel blockers ; verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem, amlodipine

arteriolar-venous vasodilator; Sodium nitroprusside , nitroglycerin

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9
Q

hypotensive - Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors

A

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors): captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists: losartan, irbesartan, eprosartan

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10
Q

Appetite stimulants (orexigenic drugs)

A 
dronabinol, 
cyproheptadine, 
plant Artemisia absinthium (wormwood, absinth) 
Anamorelin 
antipsychotic drugs 
anabolic steroids
insulin
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11
Q

Drugs used in obesity

A

Sibutramine
Lorcaserin
Amfepranone
Orlistat

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12
Q

Drugs for PED - reduce secretion of gastric acid

A

Proton pump inhibitors-
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole

Histamine h2 receptor antagonists-
Ranitidine
Famotidine

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13
Q

Drugs for PED - anti….. mucosal….. antimicro……

A

Antacids- magnesium hydroxide
Aluminum hydroxide
Sodium bicarbonate
Mucosal protective agents - bismuth subcitrate
Sucralfate
Antimicrobiol - Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin
Metronidazole
Bismuth subcitrate

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14
Q

Drugs for decreased function of pancrease

A

Replacement- pancreatin
Festal
Mezym
Preparations of insulin

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15
Q

Drugs for increased function of pancrease

A 
Aprotinin
Opiod analgesics - fentanyl, morphine, meperedine
Antimuscarinic drugs 
Glucocorticoids 
Antibiotics
IV infusion of fluid
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16
Q

Drugs stimulates bile production

A

Bile acids - allochol
Synthetic- hymecromone
Plant base drugs - curcuma , dog rose

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17
Q

Hepatoprotectors

A

Essentiale
Sylibinin
Ademetionine
Ursodeoxycholic acid

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18
Q

Stimulant laxatives

A

Bisacodyl

Plants containing
anthraglycosides - senna
Frangula
Castor oil

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19
Q

Osmotic laxatives

A 
Saline laxatives- 
Mg sulfate
Mg hydroxide
Mg citrate
Sodium phosphate

Lactulose

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20
Q

Bulk forming laxatives

A

Methyl cellulose

Psyllium seed

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21
Q

Laxatives -Stool softners, cl- channel activators, opioid antagonists

A

Ss- docusate sodium
Cl- lubiprostone
OA - methyl naltrexone
Alvimopan

22
Q

Diarrhea

A

Opioid - loperamide
Absorbing drugs - kaolin, activated charcoal
Preparations of bismuth - bismuth sub salicylate
Bile acid binding resins - cholestyramine, colestipol
Somatostatin analogs - octreotide

23
Q

Emetic drugs

A

Apomorphine

Ipecac syrup

24
Q

Antiemetic drugs

A

Serotonin 5HT3 anatgonists - ondansetron, granisetron, tropisetron
Antimuscarinic - scopolamine
H1 antagonists- diphenhydramine, meclizine
Neurokinin antagonists - Aprepitant
Cannabinoids - dronabinol

25
Drugs for Brady arrhythmia
M cholinoblockers - atropine | B1 adrenergic agaonists - isoprenaline
26
Drugs for tachyarrhythmia
— -
27
Drugs for congestive heart failure - inhibition of neurohumoral influences
ACE inhibitors- captopril, enalapril, lisinopril Angiotensin 2 anatagonists - losartan, valsartan Aldosterone antagonists - spironolactone, eplerenone B adrenergic agonists - metoprolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol
28
Drugs for congestive heart failure - decrease cardiac overload
Thiazide diuretics - hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide Loop diuretics - furosemide, torasemide K+ sparing diuretics- triamterene Direct acting vasodilators - isosorbide dinitrate, hydralazine Bradycardiac drugs - ivabradine
29
Drugs for congestive heart failure - increase cardiac contractility
Cardiac glycosides- digoxin Non glycoside inotropic drugs -> phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitors - milrinone Ca2+ sensitizers - levosimendane B adrenergic agonists - dopamine , dobutamine
30
Drugs for congestive heart failure - decrease motility in long term treatment
``` ACE inhibitors Angiotensin 2 antagonists Aldosterone antagonists B adrenergic antagonists Directly acting vasodilators Bradycardiac drugs - ivabradine ```
31
Antianginal drugs - relief anginal attacks
Nitrates - nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate , isosorbide dinitrate NO donors - molsidomine
32
Prevention of angina attacks
Ca2+ blockers -> Dihydropyridines - nifedipine, amlodipine Non-dihydropyridines - verapamil, diltiazem B Adrenergic blockers - metoprolol, bisoprolol, nebivolol Other antianginal drugs - ivabradine, trimetazidine, ranolazine, nicorandil
33
Disturbances in cerebral circulation- ischemic strokes
Thrombolytic - tissue plasminogen activator Streptokinase Nootropic drugs - piracetam
34
Disturbances in cerebral circulation - hemorrhagic stroke
``` Anti hypertension agents- sodium nitroprusside Labetalol Esmolol Enalaprilat Hydralazine Ca channel blockers - Nimodipine Nootropic drugs - piracetam ```
35
Disturbances in cerebral circulation - cerebral atherosclerosis
Antiplatelet drugs - aspirin Clopidogrel Dipyridamol Hypolipidemic drugs Nootropic drugs Vasodilators - vinpocetine Flunarizine Cinnarizine Preparations of ginkgo biloba
36
Drugs used in disturbances in peripheral circulation
``` Hypolipidemic drugs Antiplatelet drugs Vasodilators - pentoxifylline Cilostazol Xanthinol nicotinate ```
37
Relief of migraine attacks
Selective agonists of serotonin 5-HT 1B/D -> Triptans - sumatriptan, naratriptans Ergotamine
38
Prevention of migraine attack
B adrenergic agonists - propranolol Ca2+ channel blockers- Flunarizine, cinnarizine Tricyclic antidepressants- amitriptyline Anticonvulsants - sodium valproate
39
Hypolipidemic drugs - nico……. , HMG………, fibric………, bile………, inhibitors of………..
+Nicotinic acid- niacin +HMG-COA reductase inhibitors - atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin + fibric acid derivatives- Gemfibrozil, fenofibrate + bile acid binding resins - cholestyramine, colestipol + inhibitors of cholesterol absorption - Ezetimibe
40
Diuretics- car…. , l……, thi……., k+…….. , os……, vaso………
+Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors- acetazolamide + loop - furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide, etacrynic acid +thiazides and thiazide like - hydrochlorothiazide, chlorothiazide, chlorothalidone, indapamide + k+ sparing diuretics- spironolactone, eplerenone, triamterene, amiloride + osmotic diuretics- mannitol Vasopressin receptor antagonists- conivaptan, tolvaptan
41
Tocomimetics - cause rhytmic contractions
Oxytocin Preparations of prostaglandins - dinoprostone Dinoprost Misoprostol
42
Tocomimetics - cause tonic contactions
Ergotamine | Ergometrine
43
Tocolytics - inhibit contractions of myometrium
Selective B2 adrenergic agoinists - ritodrine Hexoprenaline Terbutaline Fenoterol Agonists of oxytocin- atosiban Ca2+ blockers - nifedipine
44
Platelet aggregation inhibitors
Aspirin Dipyridamole Abciximab Antagonists of purine p2y12 receptors - clopidogrel , prasugrel, ticagrelor
45
Anticoagulants - directly acting
Indirect thrombin inhibitors- heparin Heparin derivatives- enoxaparin, dalteparin, nadroparin Danaparoid Synthetic heparin derivatives - fondaparinux Direct thrombin inhibitors—> Parenteral - bivalirudin Argatroban Orally - dabigatran Direct factor XA inhibitors- rivaroxaban
46
Anticoagulants - indirect acting drugs
Warfarin
47
Thrombolytic drugs
1st gen - streptokinase Urokinase Anistreplase 2 gen - t-PA ( alteplase) r-PA ( reteplase)
48
Hemostatic drugs
Fibrinolytic inhibitors- aminocaproic acid Tranexamic acid Proteolytic enzymes - aprotinin Preparations of VIT K - phytomenadione Menadione Preparations of clotting factors - factor VIII Factor IX
49
Anemia - iron deficiency
Iron sulfate Iron dextron Iron 3-hydroxide polymaltaose complex
50
Anemia - macrocytic
Cynoconalamin | Folic acid
51
Anemia - preparations of erythropoietin
Epoetin alpha | Darbepoetin

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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