Mini Test 4

Question 1

Polytheistic

Answer 1

-Multiple divine beings
-Ethnic religions like Hinduism: Deities

Question 2

Monotheistic

Answer 2

-One divine being
-Universalizing religions like Islam

Question 3

Universalizing Religions (4)

Answer 3

-Seek to appeal to all people
-Worldwide in scope
-Expanding and seek converts through missionaries
-Strong connection to a founder

Question 4

Ethnic Religions (6)

Answer 4

-Appeal to smaller groups of people
-Born into it
-Limited in scope
-More connection to the geography of a place
-Limited expansion because of universalizing religions
-Doesn’t seek converts

Question 5

Branch (3)

Answer 5

-Fundamental division of a universalizing religion
-Roman Catholicism branch of Christianity
-Largest

Question 6

Denomination (3)

Answer 6

-Further breakdown from branch
-Protestantism: Baptist
-Second largest

Question 7

Congregation

Answer 7

-Small local administrative unit of a denomination meant to bring people together to worship
-Methodist Church
-Third Largest

Question 8

Sect

Answer 8

-A group that breaks away from an established congregation
-Smallest

Question 9

Christianity Holy Text

Answer 9

Bible

Question 10

Three Branches of Christianity

Answer 10

-Roman Catholicism: Eastern Europe, recognize authority of the pope
-Protestant: Northern Europe, Martin Luther
-Eastern Orthodox: Western Europe

Question 11

Diffusion of Christianity (6)

Answer 11

-The word of God was spread through Paul who had a vision where God revealed himself to Paul
-Paul spread through missionary work
-Built churches
-Developed Bible
-Spread by word of mouth
-Movement of people

Question 12

Largest world religion

Answer 12

Christianity but loosing followers with younger population at fast rate

Question 12

Fastest growing religion and second largest religion

Answer 12

Islam. Indonesia has largest population of Muslims

Question 13

Islam Holy Text

Answer 13

Quran

Question 14

The Five Pillars (Islam)

Answer 14

-Fasting during Ramadan
-Prayer towards Mecca 5 times a day
-Hajj
-Charity to others
-Profession of faith

Question 15

Two Branches of Islam

Answer 15

-Sunni majority
-Shia, Shiites
-Split came from disagreement over where the successor of Muhammad should come from (in family or outward)

Question 16

Muhammad

Answer 16

Born in Mecca, word of God (Allah) was delivered to him through the angel Gabriel

Question 17

Muslims in the U.S.

Answer 17

-Muslims believe in American dream
-Most Muslims are proud to be Muslim and American
-Muslims are portrayed poorly in the media

Question 18

Founder of Buddhism

Answer 18

-Siddhartha Guama, Buddha
-Became more aware of suffering
-Wanted to find ways for all people to escape suffering

Question 19

Buddhism (3)

Answer 19

-The Four Noble Truths
-Mostly in Asia
-Meditation, and self-discipline gets you to state of nirvana

Question 20

Holy book of Buddhism

Answer 20

Tripitaka

Question 21

Potala Palace

Answer 21

-Place of worship for Tibetan Buddhists
-People travel long distances to worship there
-Split into administrative and worship areas

Question 22

Branches of Buddhism

Answer 22

-Mahayana: Most prevalent
-Vajrayana: least prevalent, Mongolia, Nepal, Bhutan, Northern China
-Theravada: localized to parts of Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka

Question 23

Hinduism (4)

Answer 23

-Third largest religion in the world
-97% of Hindus live in India
-Multiple Gods, many paths to spirituality
-After one dies, soul is reincarnated determined by karma and how previous life was lived

Question 24

Ganges River

Answer 24

-Used for Hindu rituals -Ashes put into river -Very polluted and very sacred

Question 25

Caste System (3)

Answer 25

-Hinduism, hereditary, hierarchical -Dictates friends, marriage, where you live, etc. -Brahmins (priests) at top, untouchables (work no one wants to do) at bottom

Question 26

Cultural Hearth of Christianity

Answer 26

Israel

Question 27

Cultural Hearth of Islam

Answer 27

Saudi Arabia, birthplace of Muhammad

Question 28

Cultural Hearth of Buddhism

Answer 28

Nepal and Southern China, more localized

Question 29

Leaving Organized Religion

Answer 29

-Percent of people practicing organized religion is declining especially among millennials. -People have lost trust in organized religion and feel like it's not relevant to them

Question 30

Places of worship for Universalizing Religions

Answer 30

Tied to a founder and worship takes place in a building such as a church

Question 31

Places of worship for Ethnic Religions

Answer 31

Use the physical environment as places of worship like mountains, and rivers. Own prayer and worship at home.

Question 32

Religious Organization of Space (4)

Answer 32

-Cultural Landscape (statues, churches, stores, restaurants) -Architecture -Movement across space -Holy places, sacred spaces

Question 33

Secular Religion (4)

Answer 33

-don't believe in something larger than yourself -Topophilia: Ones impassioned feeling for a place, deep connection to a place -Creates sense of nationalism -Shadowed Ground: Book by Kenneth Foote that dives into why we commemorate some massacres in some places but not others.