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CMT > Misc Derm Disorders > Flashcards

Misc Derm Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Cherry Angioma

How does this benign lesion form?

A

abnormal mature capillary proliferation

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2
Q

Cherry Angioma

most commonly seen in who?

A

middle aged and older adults

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3
Q

Cherry Angioma

Clinical Presentation

A
  1. cherry red to purple papules
  2. flat topped or dome shaped
  3. seen most commonly on trunk
  4. friable (bleed profusely when traumatized)
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4
Q

Cherry Angioma

Dx & Tx

A
  1. clinical dx
  2. tx is observation
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5
Q

Cherry Angioma

what would you do if the pt wanted removal for cosmetic reasons?

2 things

A
  • electrocauterization
  • laser therapy
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6
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

most common in who?

A

young children and adults

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7
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

seen after what?

A
  1. hormone changes (pregnancy)
  2. initation of new meds
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8
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

benign vascular ____ of the skin or mucous membranes

A

tumor

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9
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

clinical presentation

A
  1. solitary
  2. glistening
  3. bright red
  4. friable
  5. rapidly grows
  6. nodule or papule
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10
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

dx & tx

A
  1. biopsy
  2. excision w/ wound closure or curettage followed by electrocautery
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11
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

vascular cancer associated with which virus?

not asking which population it usually is seen in…

A

herpes virus 8

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12
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

most commonly seen in who?

A

HIV pts (immunosuppressed)

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13
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

where is it usually seen on the body?

A
  1. lower extremities
  2. face
  3. oral mucosa
  4. genitalia
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14
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

clinical manifestations

A
  1. painless
  2. non-puruitic
  3. pink/brown/erythemtous/violaceous
  4. macules, plaques, or nodules
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15
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

dx and tx

A
  1. biopsy
  2. refer to oncology
  3. initiate ART
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16
Q

Stasis Dermatitis

inflammatory skin changes associated with?

A

chronic venous insufficiency

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17
Q

Stasis Dermatitis

clinical presentation

A
  • erythematous/brown/violaceous hyperpigmented
  • patches or plaques
  • eczematous features (scales, pruritis, weeping erosions, crusting)
  • leg edema, increased leg circumference, variscosities
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18
Q

Stasis Dermatitis

what is maintained despite leg edema?

A

pulse

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19
Q

Stasis Dermatitis

tx

A
  1. overall: undelrying venous insufficiency
  2. acute lesions: topical corticosteroids
  3. severe/refractory: oral prednisone
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20
Q

Stasis Dermatitis

general meausres for tx

A
  • leg elevation
  • compressions socks
  • exercise
  • gentle cleansing
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21
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

results from what?

A

vertical pressure

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22
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

risk factors

A
  1. elderly
  2. immobile
  3. incontinence
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23
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

commonly seen on what body areas?

A

bony prominences

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24
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

what does pressure in the ulcer impair for the rest of the area?

A
  1. nutrient and O2 delivery
  2. waste remove
25
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

what does mositure cause?

A

skin maceration

26
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

manifestation of stage 1

A
  • superficial
  • non-blanchable
  • erythematous macule
27
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

tx of stage 1

A
  • preventive measures
  • wound protection
28
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

manifestation of stage 2

A
  • epidermal damage extending into dermis
  • resembles bulla or abrasion
29
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

tx for stage 2

A
  • maintain moist wound environment via hydrocolloids or hydrogels
30
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

manifestations of stage 3

A
  • full thickness loss of skin
  • may extend into subQ layer
31
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

manifestations of stage 4

A
  • deepest of the 4 stages
  • extends beyond the fascia & into the muscle/tendon/bone
32
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

tx for stage 3 & 4 wounds

A
  1. wound cleansing
  2. moist wound environment
  3. debridement of necrotic tissue
  4. tx of wound infection as needed
33
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

auto-inflammatory process mediated by what?

A

neutrophils into the dermis

34
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

triggered by what?

A
  • trauma
  • surgical debridement
  • attempts to graft an area
35
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

associated with what conditions?

5

A
  1. IBD
  2. Rheumatoid arthritis
  3. malignancies
  4. hematologic conditions
  5. arthritis
36
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

often misdiagnosed as what?

A

spider bite
bedridement

37
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

clinical maifestations

4 components

A
  1. small pustules that break down & rapidly expand to form an ulcer w/ a violaceous border
  2. satellite ulcerations
  3. anywhere on body
  4. painful
38
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

how urgent is this?

A

emergent!

39
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

Topical tx

2

A
  1. superpotent steroids
  2. tacrolimus
40
Q

Pyoderma Gangrene

systemic tx

6 options

A
  1. steroids
  2. cyclosporine
  3. tacrolimus
  4. cellcept
  5. thalidomide
  6. TNF-inhibitors
41
Q

Drug Eruptions

how to get the rxn to stop?

A

stop the med!

42
Q

Drug Eruptions

what type of rxn are these most often?

A

hypersensitivity

43
Q

Drug Eruptions

triggers

5

A
  1. antigen from foods
  2. insect bites
  3. environmental
  4. exercise induced
  5. infections
44
Q

Drug Eruptions

Class 1 mechanism

A

IgE-mediated

45
Q

Drug Eruptions

class 2 mechanism

A

cytotoxic, antibody mediated

46
Q

Drug Eruptions

class 3 mechanism

A

immune antibody-antigen complex

47
Q

Drug Eruptions

class 4 mechanism

A

delayed (cell mediated)

48
Q

Drug Eruptions

non-immunologic mechanism

A

genetic incapability to detoxify drugs

49
Q

Drug Eruptions

when does a morbilliform drug eruption occur?

A
  • 5 to 14 d after initiation of new med
50
Q

Drug Eruptions

what type of rxn causes a morbilliform drug eruption?

A

type 4 hypersensitivity

51
Q

Drug Eruptions

which meds commonly cause morbilliform drug eruption?

5

A
  1. PCN
  2. sulfas
  3. NSAIDs
  4. allopurinol
  5. anti-convulsants
52
Q

Drug Eruptions

clinical presentation

4

A
  1. erythematous macules or small papules after initiation of med
  2. generalized distribution
  3. coalesce to form plaques
  4. mild systemic sx
53
Q

Drug Eruptions

tx

A
  1. stop offending med
  2. oral antihistamines
  3. short course corticosteroids PO, PRN
54
Q

Vitiligo

chronic, depigmenting disorder of the skin where which cell types are lost?

A

melanocytes

55
Q

Vitiligo

appears in who? when?

A
  • all races
  • all genders
  • most commonly appears 20-25 y/o
56
Q

Vitiligo

associated with what other disease states?

general statement, not specific diseasess

A

autoimmune

57
Q

Vitiligo

clinical manifestations

A
  1. complete loss of pigment in macules or patches of the skin
  2. chalky/milky white coloration
  3. can be pruritic
  4. convex borders
58
Q

Vitiligo

typically found in what areas of the skin?

A
  • sun exposed
  • areas prone to repetitive trauma
59
Q

Vitiligo

tx

A
  • topical potent corticosteroids

CMT (72 decks)

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