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PHRM 865 > Miscellaneous Agents > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Agents Flashcards

1
Q

tetracycline drugs

A

tetracycline
minocycline
doxycycline

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2
Q

tetracycline analog drugs

A

tigecycline
eravacycline
omadacyclin

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3
Q

mechanism of action tetracycline and analogs

A

bind reversibly to 30S ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis

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4
Q

tetracycline and analogs static or cidal, time or conc dep

A

static
time dependent

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5
Q

TMP-SMX MOA

A

sequential inhibition of microbial folic acid synthesis pathway by inhibiting bacterial dihydropepteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase

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6
Q

sulfamethoxazole MOA

A

inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

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7
Q

trimethorpim MOA

A

inhibits activity of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase

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8
Q

polymixin B and Colistin MOA

A

binds phospholipids in cell membrane causing displacement of Ca and Mg, which leads to changes in cell wall permeability and leakage of cellular contents

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9
Q

TMZ-SMX cidal or static, conc or time

A

bactericidal
time dependent

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10
Q

polymixin B and colistin citdal or static, conc or time

A

bactericidal
concentration dependent

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11
Q

clindamycin MOA

A

inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit reversibly

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12
Q

clindamycin static or cidal time or conc

A

bacteriostatic
time dependent

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13
Q

metronidazole MOA

A

inhibits DNA synthesis

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14
Q

metronidazole cidal or static, conc or time dep

A

bactericidal
concentration dependent

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15
Q

resistance mechanism tetracyclines

A

tetracycline specific efflux pumps
ribosomal protection proteins
enzymatic inactivation

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16
Q

resistance mechanism tetracycline analogs

A

multi drug efflux pumps

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17
Q

resistance mechanism TMX-SMP

A

mutation in dihydrofolate reductase or dihydropteroate synthase

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18
Q

polymixins resistance mechanism

A

alteration in outer cell membrane
(dec in Ca or Mg content, dec lipopolysacchardie content, dec outer membrane proteins)

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19
Q

clindamycin resistance mechanism

A

alteration in ribosomal binding site
NOT efflux pumps

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20
Q

metronidazole resistance mechanism

A

altered growth requirements, reduced transcription of ferredoxin gene

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21
Q

tetracyclines spectrum of activity

A

gram positive
gram negative
anaerobes

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22
Q

tetracycline analogs spectrum of activity

A

gram positive
gram negative
anaerobes

23
Q

TMP-SMX spectrum of activity

A

gram positive
gram negative

24
Q

polymyxins spectrum of activity

A

gram negative only

25
clindamycin spectrum of activity
gram positive anaerobes
26
metronidazole spectrum of activity
only anaerobes
27
tetracyclines target organisms
MSSA MRSA legionella
28
tetracycline analogs target organisms
MSSA MRSA BDA
29
TMP-SMX target organisms
MSSA MRSA
30
polymyxins target organisms
pseudomonas
31
clindamycin target organisms
MSSA MRSA BDA ADA
32
metronidazole target organisms
c. diff BDA
33
tetracyclines - CSF penetration?
minimal CSF penetration
34
TMP-SMX - CSF penetration?
yes with inflamed meninges
35
polymyxins - CSF penetration?
no
36
clindamycin - CSF penetration?
no
37
metronidazole CSF penetration?
yes
38
which miscellaneous need renal dose adjust?
tetracycline SMP-TMZ CrCl<30 colistin CrCl <80
39
adverse effects of tetracyclines and tigecycline
N/V photosensitivity
40
adverse effects of TMP-SMX
GI Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia hypersensitivity crystalluria hyperkalemia renal insufficiency
41
adverse effects of polymyxins
nephrotoxicity neurotoxicity (dizzy,weak)
42
advers effects of clindamycin
c. diff colitis hepatotoxicit
43
metronidazole adverse effects
metallic taste stomatitis peripheral neuropathy seizures CNS disorders
44
which miscellaneous agents interact with chelating agents
oral tetracyclines omadacycline (ZICAM, bismuth salicylate, dairy)
45
misc agents interacting with warfarin
TMP-SMX metronidazole
46
which misc interacts with alcochol
metronidazole
47
can you use tetracyclines in pregnancy
no
48
can you use TMP-SMX in pregnancy
no
49
can you use clindamycin in pregnancy
yes
50
can you use polymyxins in pregnancy
yes
51
can you use metronidazole in pregnancy
no
52
which misc drugs can we not use in children
tetracyclines and analogs, teeth discolor and decreased bone growth
53
CMS which dosing weight
IBW
54
polymyxin which dosing weight
TBW

PHRM 865 (31 decks)

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