MLA - Metabolic medicine + Blood gases

Question 1

What electrolyte abnormality is seen in acute pancreatitis?

Answer 1

Hypocalcaemia

Question 2

What ECG finding is seen in hypocalcaemia?

Answer 2

Prolonged QT

Question 3

What is the progressive ECG changes seen in hyperkalaemia?

Answer 3

Tented T waves
Flattened/absent T waves + VT
Bradycardia, prolonged QRS
Sine wave
Asystole

Question 4

What medication can increase magnesium levels?
(Think psychiatry)

Answer 4

Lithium

Question 5

ECG findings of hypomagnesaemia

Answer 5

PR prolongation

Question 6

What effects do high glycaemic index foods have on blood sugars?

Answer 6

Rapid increase followed by rapid drop

Question 7

What ECG finding is seen in hypercalcaemia?

Answer 7

Shortened QT, prolonged QRS

Question 8

What blood gas is seen in rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 8

Metabolic acidosis with HIGH anion gap

Question 9

How to calculate anion gap from a blood gas

Answer 9

AG = (Na + K) - (Cl + HCO3)

Question 10

Blood gas seen in diarrhoea

Answer 10

Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis
Hypokalaemia

Question 11

Electrolyte abnormalities seen in vomiting

Answer 11

Hypochloraemic, hypokalaemia and metabolic alkalosis

Question 12

Blood gas findings of adrenal insufficienty

Answer 12

Hyperkalaemic metabolic acidosis

Question 13

Blood gas seen in vomiting

Answer 13

Metabolic alkalosis
Hypochloraemia, hypokalaemia

Question 14

Blood gas findings of Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 14

Hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis