Mobility Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the definition of mobility?
State or quality of being mobile or moveable
Mobility combines actions of muscles, bones, and the nervous system.
What is the scope of mobility?
- Full: gross simple movements, fine complex movements, coordination
- Impaired: limitation in physical movement, problems with coordination
What can cause impaired mobility?
- Conditions in the neurologic system
- Musculoskeletal issues
- Joint problems
What does immobility mean?
Not able to move
What are potential causes of immobility?
- Stroke
- Fractures
- Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- Trauma
- Morbid obesity
How does aging affect mobility?
Aging affects the functioning of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems
What is the relationship between perfusion and mobility?
Impaired perfusion can cause dizziness, which affects mobility
What are the consequences of impaired mobility?
- Increased risk of DVT
- Pressure ulcers
- Impairments in gas exchange and perfusion
- Lower quality of life
- Loss of independence
- Elevated risk of dying
What neuro factors contribute to impaired mobility in older adults?
- Slower reaction times
- Fewer neural connections
- Hearing and vision loss
- Mental health conditions like depression
What musculoskeletal factors contribute to impaired mobility in older adults?
- Kyphosis
- Loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia)
- Weaker muscles
What bone-related factors contribute to impaired mobility?
- Osteoporosis
- Loss of bone density (osteopenia)
- Joint stiffness and inflammation
- Decreased range of motion
What are the main cellular components of bone structure?
- Periosteum
- Endosteum
- Osteoprogenitor cells
- Osteoclasts
- Osteoblasts
What is bone remodeling?
Existing bone is constantly broken down (resorption) and replaced by new bone (deposition)
What happens if bone resorption exceeds deposition?
Bone mass will decrease
What role do osteoclasts play in bone remodeling?
They break down bone to release calcium
What hormone is released when calcium levels are low?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
What factors regulate bone remodeling?
- Nutrients (calcium, Vitamin D)
- Hormones
- Physical activity
What is the peak bone mass age range?
Between 30-40 years
What is osteoporosis?
Multifactorial disease characterized by absolute reduction in total bone mass
What is the difference between primary and secondary osteoporosis?
- Primary: unknown cause/not associated with another condition
- Secondary: caused by conditions like hyperparathyroidism or long-term corticosteroid use
What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?
- Genetics
- Gender (women lose bone mass faster after menopause)
- Aging
- Inactivity
What is the T score range for osteopenia?
T score of -1.0 to -2.5
What is the T score for osteoporosis?
T score of <-2.5
What are modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis?
- Exercise
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
- Diet
- Medications
