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PCE > Mocks > Flashcards

Mocks Flashcards

1
Q

How to ascending stairs using crutches.
Nwb status

A

Unaffected leg first
Crutches followed by affected leg-together

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2
Q

Mechanical low back pain:
Movs that aggravate
Hallmark sign

A

Movs: it can ve flexion, extension, R or L side flexion…multiple movements.

Hallmark sign: pain that gets worse over the course of the day.***

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3
Q

Disc herniation:
Movs that aggravate
Movs that alleviate
When is the pain better|worse
Where is the pain

A

Pain is worse in the AM and gets better as the day goes on.

Movs that aggravate: flexion
Movs that alliviate: extension

Pain will be in the leg and usually below the knee( if nerve root irritation)

Pain will be in the back and buttocks ( if minor disc herniation without nerve root irritation)

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4
Q

Spinal Stenosis:
Location of the pain
Movs that aggravate
Movs that alliviate

A

Location: leg. Usually below the knee. Can be b/l

Aggrav: extension (walking)
Alliviate: fkexion (sitting)

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5
Q

Facet joint dysfunction:

Location of the pain
Movs that aggravate
Movs that alliviate

A

Location: back and buttocks
Aggravate: rotation and extension
Alliviate: flexion

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6
Q

ACA presentation:

Most affected extremitie (UE or LE)

Características

A

1- LE more affected weakness and sensory loss

2-Self care problems

3- emotional labile

4-apraxia

5- broca aphasia (frontal lobe)

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7
Q

MCA presentation:

UE or LE more affected?
Characteristics

A

UE more affected-weakness and sensory loss of contra lateral UE and face

+ comum

***Hemianopia( blidness in half of the visual field)

Contra lateral neglect

Aphasias (broca and wernicke)

Apraxia

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8
Q

ICA:
Características

A

Contra lateral hemiplegia and hemi sensory DISTURBANCE in the UE and LE.

Global aphasia

Mentally slow

Contra lateral hemianopia for BOTH EYES

partial Horners syndrome

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9
Q

PCA:
Características

A

Supplies occipital lobe

Vision problems
Hemianopia
Contra lateral hemiplegia

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10
Q

Vertebro artery syndrome:
Characteristics

A

Locked in syndrome
Vertigo
Dipoplia
Dysphasia
Dysartria
Impaired sensation over the face
Ataxia
***May produce both ipsilateral and contralaterak sign and symptoms

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11
Q

Legg calve perthes disease
What is?
Type of population it most often affects?
Signs
Intervention
Restricted movs of the hip

A

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Boys 2-15 anos
Idiopathic

Restricted movs of the hip: abd and internal rotation

Signs: limp of insidious onset

Positive trendelenburg sign

Pain aggravates w activities and relief w rest

Pain in the hip which may refer to antero medial thigh|knee

Decrease hip rom

Interventions: petrie cast (letra A)
Low impact exercs
Strength in okc
Rom
Decrease wb if severe pain

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12
Q

ALS:
What is it?
UMN /LMN
Population + affected
Pattern of distribution
Impairment
Tx

A

Chronic degenerative disease of the motor neurons in the brain, brain stem and spinal cord.

It can be UMN and LMN

Average age onset mid to late 50

Pattern of distribution: distal to proximal Asymetrical***

Impairments: weakness (hallmark**)
Fasciculation
Atrophy
Muscle cramps
Hyporeflexia
Respiratory complications
Frontal temporal dementia

Tx:!depend on symptoms. Breathing exs , strength training and endurance training

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13
Q

Guillian Barre Syndrome
Umn or Lmn
What is it?
Etiology
How many phases
Pattern of distribution
S/S

A

Lmn syndrome

Autoimmune disorder causing acute inflammation and demyelination of the cranial nevers amd periferal nevers myelinsheats

Unkow etiology

3 phases (progressive deterioration, plato and recovery)

Pattern of distribution: distal to proximal and ASCENDING neuropathy
Glove and stocking distribution

S/S: hyporeflexia, hupotonia, weakness,pain, parestesia, respiratory problems

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14
Q

Poliomyelitis and post polio
Umn or lmn
Pattern of distribution
Characteristics

A

Lmn
Pattern of distribution: le more affected and asymmetrical

Characteristics: weakness and paralysis

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15
Q

Ms
Umn or lmn
What is it?
Onset
Pattern of distribution
Characteristics

A

Umn syndrome

Chronic inflammatory disease causing demyelination in the CNS

Onset 20-40

There is No pattern of distribution

Characteristics:
**fatigue, Muscle weakness , Spasticity

Balance issues, Paresthesia, Optic neuritis or dipoplia

Dizziness/vertigo, ataxia, bowel/bladder issues

Impaired cognition and memory

Pain, depression. Uthoff phenomenon (heat intolerance)

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16
Q

Relapses followed by recovery and disease stabilization.

Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting

A

Relapsing remiting

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17
Q

Steady disease progression. No interruption or distinct episodes.

Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting

A

Primary progressive

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18
Q

Progressive disease from onset w super imposed acute attacks or relapses that may or may not have recovery.

Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting

A

Progressive relapsing

19
Q

Begins w relapsing remiting course followed by steady disease progression w no distinct period of remission.

Progressive- relapsing, secondary-progressive, primary-progressive or relapsing-remiting

A

Secondary- progressive

20
Q

What is hypercapnia?

A

Excess of co2 in the blood

Normal value:
PaCO2 :35-45mmHG

21
Q

Escoliose

Where the vertebra will rotate? And the ribs?

A

The vertebra will rotate TOWARDS the side of the escoliose and the ribs will rotate Posterior on the side of the escoliose

22
Q

Flail chest

Main sign

A

At least 3 ribs fractured in 2 different locations each

Main sign: paradoxical pattern of breathing

23
Q

Three main points to estimate high of walkers.

Angulation of elbow

A

Greater trochanter

Wrist crease in standing

Umnar styloidnprocess in standing

Elbows should be 20-30 of flexion

24
Q

Plagiocephaly…
In right torticolo?

A

On the left side. Always opposite

25
Q

Pt with sob what is the most appropriate intervention at first?

A

Position the pt leaning forward w elbows on his hips!

26
Q

What os the effects of beta blockers?

A

Heart rate will increase but LESS than it would have increased prior to the use of beta blockers.

27
Q

Indications to terminate exercises

A

Moderately severe or increasing angina,
dyspnea,
dizziness,
light-headedness,
ataxia,
cyanosis,
pallor,
excessive fatigue
, leg cramps or claudication

28
Q

What ligament is injured on the lateral sprain?

Pf and inversion
Neutral and inversion
Df and inversion

A

Pf and inversion: anterior talofibular
Neutral and inversion: calcaneofibular
Df and inversion: posterior talofibular lig

29
Q

What muscle should we strengthen in the lateral ankle sprain?

A

Peroneus tertius

30
Q

What ate the downwards rotators of escapula?

A

Loves prika rumb

Elevator escapula
Pectoralis minor
Romboides

31
Q

What ate the uppwards rotators of the scapula?

A

Upper traps, serratus anterior

32
Q

Fasciitis plantar…
What is the most painful movs during gait?

A

Toe off

Lembrar do test de windlass (great toe extension)

33
Q

Where is the plantar fasciitis painful on palpation?

A

Medial calcaneal tubercle

34
Q

What is pistoning of the prosthetic?

A

Movement of up and down of the prosthesis.

Usually bc the stump shrunk and the prosthesis ta grande

35
Q

Step deformity
Distal or proximal part of the clavicle sticking out?

A

Distal part of clavicule

36
Q

Discoid rash in lupus?

A

Scarring on the pt skin

37
Q

What is the purpose of pressure garments in burns?

A

Used to minimize scar formation

38
Q

Flexion of shoulder muscles

A

Deltoid anterior,
Coracobrachialis
Pec major
Biceps assist

39
Q

Extension of shoulder muscles

A

Deltoid post
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

40
Q

Abd of shoulder muscles

A

15- supraspinatus
15-90- deltoid
Acima 90 trapezius and serratus amterior

41
Q

Add of shoulder

A

Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Pec major

42
Q

Internal rotation of shoulder

A

Subscapularis
Latissumus dorsi
Teres major
Pec major
Anterior deltoid

43
Q

External rotation of shoulder

A

Infraspinatus
Teres minor

PCE (40 decks)

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