Model Particles And Discourse Markers

Question 1

Doch

Answer 1

Expresses contradiction or contradicts a negative statement or question

Question 2

Ja

Answer 2

Expresses an assumption, a surprised statement or frustration

Question 3

Eben / halt

Answer 3

Expresses inevitability

Question 4

Schon

Answer 4

Meaning already or yet/though depending on context

Question 5

Mal

Answer 5

Expresses a command less forcefully

Question 6

Denn vs weil

Answer 6

Both imply causation
Denn - includes some expectation from a listener
Weil - provides a reason or purpose

Question 7

Aber vs doch

Answer 7

Both introduce some form of contrast or contradiction
Aber - implies an unexpected turn
Doch - contradicts a negative statement or question