Models of Healthcare Flashcards
What are the 7 characteristics of the Bismarck Model
Health care providers are privately employed, health insurance is private, employers+employees pay for insurance together, citizens must belong to an insurance plan, insurance companies are nonprofit for core care, government regulates cost etc. of health care provision, and different plans pay health care at fairly uniform rate)
What are the 4 models of healthcare
The Bismarck Model, Beveridge Model, National Health Insurance Model, and Out-of-Pocket Model
What are the 7 characteristics of the Beveridge Model
Goverment provides and pays for healthcare with taxes and determines medical costs, government owns most/all hospitals and the employees medical providers, patient’s don’t receive medical bills, little/no private insurance, relatively low health care costs, and single payer system
Why are health care costs relatively low in the Beveridge Model
Because there is no administrative overhead to pay for
What are the 3 characteristics of the National Health Insurance Model
Health care providers are privately employed (Bismarck), government pays for most/all of health care (Beveridge), and low costs because insurance isn’t for profit and administrative/marketing costs are low
What are the 4 characteristics of the Out-of-Pocket Model
Health care privately provided, citizens pay for most health care themselves, wealthy people get healthcare (often from other places) and poor people don’t, and the counties are often too poor to provide health care and many even lack private insurance companies
Which countries use the Bismarck Model
Belgium, France, Germany, Japan, and Switzerland
Which countries use the Beveridge Model
UK, Italy, New Zealand, and Spain
Which countries use the National Health Insurance Model
Canada, Australia, Denmark, and Sweden
Which countries use the Out-of-Pocket Model
Most of the world’s nations
What are 3 problems with a National Health Service
Not so good with primary care services (lots of hyperspecialization), long wait times, and taxation (changing political climate)
What is the best option for hospitalized, pregnant, children, chronically ill, etc.
Beveridge Model
