The Environment Flashcards
What are the 6 anthropogenic environmental shifts
Biodiversity shifts, changing biogeochemical flows, changing land use and land cover, global pollution, climate change, and depletion of natural resources
What is the Great Acceleration
Consumption patterns skyrocket after 1950 due to exponential growth in population and world GDP which leads to accelerated impacts on natural systems
What are the 6 consumption patterns in the Great Acceleration
Water use, transportation, fertilizer consumption, paper production, plastic production, and primary energy use
What 5 natural systems are affected by the Great Acceleration
Terrestrial biosphere, degradation, marine fish capture, carbon dioxide, ocean acidification, etc.
What 3 things make planetary health unique
Urgency and scale, scientific field and a social movement, and transdisciplinary and upstream
What are the 4 characteristics of a planetary health lens
Winners and losers, equity and ethics, bias, and policy
What does looking at winners and losers with a planetary health lens mean
How issues of scale (geographic and temporal), socio-cultural, and economic context will benefit some people while burdening others
What does looking at equity and ethics with a planetary health lens mean
Consumption practices of whether populations are placing less resourced people/future generations in harms way (what we purchase, do we have pets, etc.)
What does looking at bias with a planetary health lens mean
Whether political dynamic may be driving presentation of environmental health change
What is the environmental risk transition
Process by which traditional communities with associated environmental health issues become more economically developed and experience new health issues
What are 3 environmental risks before the environmental risk transition
Poor quality of food (malnutrition), air, and water
What are 3 environmental risks after the environmental risk transition
Acid rain precursors, ozone-depleting chemicals, and greenhouse gases
What do Superfund sites do
Allows EPA to designate contaminated sites and mandate clean up and forces parties responsible for contamination to do the clean up themselves or reimburse the government for the EPA-led cleanup
What are the 4 key stages in accessing risk
Hazard identification, dose response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization
