module 1

Question 1

Flow of people, goods, animals, and information across space and time

Answer 1

MOVEMENT

Question 2

____ is purposeful = _____

Answer 2

Movement, derived demand

Question 3

outcome of the functions of production and consumption

Answer 3

direct derived demand

Question 4

created by requirements of other movements

Answer 4

indirect derived demand

Question 5

transpo is an ______ demand, representing a demand response to a reduction in the price of a commodity

Answer 5

induced

Question 6

• Movements and flows involving human activity between different places
• Influenced by various factors

Answer 6

SPATIAL INTERACTION

Question 7

INFLUENCES OF SPATIAL INTERACTION

Answer 7

} Spatial separation of phenomena
} Specialization of areas
} Agglomeration economies
} Accessibility
} Economies of scale
} Political space and economic space

(SEA SPA)

Question 8

} People, things and phenomena can be referred to by specific points in
geographic space

} The actual number of pace-to-place interaction is much less than the
potential owing to a variety of constraints

Answer 8

SPATIAL SEPARATION

Question 9

types of SPATIAL SEPARATION

Answer 9

(TIC)
- complementarity
- transferability
- intervening opportunity

Question 10

A demand in one location is satisfied by the supply of another

Answer 10

complementarity

Question 11

The ability if a thing or a person to move or be moved

Answer 11

transferability

Question 12

location that offers an alternative

Answer 12

intervening opportunity

Question 13

THE ECONOMICS OF LOCATION

Answer 13

GEOGRAPHICAL PATH DEPENDENCE

INITIAL ADVANTAGE

EXTERNAL ECONOMIES

LOCALIZATION ECONOMIES

Question 14

the relationship between present-day
activities in a place and the past experiences of that place.

Answer 14

GEOGRAPHICAL PATH DEPENDENCE

Question 15

highlights the importance of an early start in economic development. It represents a special case of external economies (e.g. Europe and the Industrial Revolution).

Answer 15

INITIAL ADVANTAGE

Question 16

are cost savings that result from advantages beyond a
firm’s organization and methods of production. For example, the IT industry in Silicon
Valley attracted a special set of skilled workers.

Answer 16

EXTERNAL ECONOMIES

Question 17

cost savings that accrue to particular industries as a result of clustering together at a specific location

Answer 17

LOCALIZATION ECONOMIES

Question 18

REGIONAL ECONOMIC LINKAGES

Answer 18

• Agglomeration Effects
• Backward Linkages
• Forward Linkages
• Ancillary Industries
• Cumulative Causation
• Backwash Effects

Question 19

These include the cost advantages that accrue to individual firms because of their location among functionally related activities.

Answer 19

AGGLOMERATION EFFECTS

Question 20

develop as new firms arrive to provide the growing industry with components, supplies, specialized services, or facilities.

Answer 20

BACKWARD LINKAGES

Question 21

develop as new firms arrive to take the finished products of the growing industry and use them in their own processing, assembly, finishing, packaging, or distribution operations

Answer 21

FORWARD LINKAGES

Question 22

maintenance and repair, recycling,
security, and business services).

Answer 22

ANCILLARY ACTIVITIES OR INDUSTRIES

Question 23

– (Gunnar Myrdal, 1956) the spiraling buildup of advantages that occurs in specific geographic settings as a result of the development of external economies, agglomeration effects, and localization economies.

Answer 23

CUMULATIVE CAUSATION

Question 24

negative impacts on a region (or regions) of the economic growth of some other region

Answer 24

BACKWASH EFFECTS

Question 25

SPECIALIZATION, AGGLOMERATION, & SCALE ECONOMIES

Answer 25

} Food-gathering tribal economies } Sedentary agriculture } Industrial societies } Postindustrial economies } Increasing role of agglomeration economies } Increasing importance of scale economies

Question 26

} Benefits that come when firms and people locate near one another } Lower production costs } Maximized profits

Answer 26

AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES

Question 27

} Difference in unit cost of production due solely to differences in aggregate volume of output } Expansion of production leads to increased output } Decreased cost of production

Answer 27

ECONOMIES OF SCALE

Question 28

} Natural resources are not evenly distributed } Constraints to free-flow of spatial

Answer 28

RESOURCE ENDOWMENTS

Question 29

} Ease of overcoming the friction of distance } Opportunity for contact } Access is uniform; as long as there is possibility to enter } Accessibility is relative; varies according to one’s location

Answer 29

ACCESSIBILITY

Question 30

RELATIVE ACCESSIBILITY

Answer 30

} Accessibility of two points in comparison with other points } Influence of relative accessibility to spatial interaction 1. Transport cost in relation to unit cost of production 2. Existence or absence of transport facilities 3. Substitution among resources

Question 31

Influence of relative accessibility to spatial interaction

Answer 31

1. Transport cost in relation to unit cost of production 2. Existence or absence of transport facilities 3. Substitution among resources

Question 32

Tangible and intangible ways of overcoming distance through channels of communication & transportation

Answer 32

CONNECTIVITY

Question 33

POLITICAL SPACE

Answer 33

] Encourage or inhibit movement } Boundaries } Entry costs

Question 34

Area over which a certain economic activity prevails

Answer 34

ECONOMIC SPACE

Question 35

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Answer 35

} UTILITY } PLACE UTILITY } TIME UTILITY

Question 36

Capacity of a commodity or service to satisfy human want

Answer 36

UTILITY

Question 37

Added economic value of a commodity created by transporting it from a place where it has little value to a place in which it has a greater usefulness

Answer 37

PLACE UTILITY

Question 38

Making goods available not only when they are needed but when they are needed

Answer 38

TIME UTILITY

Question 39

CAUSES OF MOVEMENT

Answer 39

- distance - accessibility - utility (place time) - complementarity - transferability - intervening opportunity - spatial diffusion

Question 40

geography of movement

Answer 40

} Locations where demand is generated } Understanding mobility is a way of achieving equality } Mobility needs = solutions to the issues