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Pharmacognosy (Lecture) > (Module 1) Ethnobotany > Flashcards

(Module 1) Ethnobotany Flashcards

(111 cards)

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1
Q

the relationship of plants and humanity in all its complexity

A

ethnobotany

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2
Q

who first coined ethnobotany

A

William Harshberger

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3
Q

used for cardiac arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation

A

Foxglove

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4
Q

SN of Foxglove

A

Digitalis spp.

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5
Q

AC of Foxglove

A

Digitalis glycosides (digoxin)

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6
Q

family of Foxglove

A

Solanaceae

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7
Q

used for travel sickness, preoperative medication. is anti selective and is not used as much anymore

A

Thorn-apple / Devil’s Trumpet

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8
Q

SN of Thorn-apple/Devil’s Trumpet

A

Datura metel / Datura stramonium

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9
Q

AC of Thorn-apple

A

Scopolamine (hyoscine)

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10
Q

direct precursor in the plant biosynthesis of hyoscine

A

hyoscyamine

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11
Q

racemic mixture of hyoscyamine (- +)

A

Atropine

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12
Q

used to treat coronary insufficiency and enema

A

Sea onion / Swuill

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13
Q

SN of Sea onion

A

Drimia maritima

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14
Q

AC of Sea onion

A

C-steroidal cardiac glycosides

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15
Q

when are the bulbs of sea onion collected?

A

in August

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16
Q

used as a decongestant and bronchodilator - herbal ecstasy

A

Ephedra

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17
Q

SN of Ephedra

A

Ephedra sinica

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18
Q

AC of Ephedra

A

Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine

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19
Q

used for pain and inflammation

A

Meadowsweet

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20
Q

SN of Meadowsweet

A

Filipendula ulmaria

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21
Q

AC of Meadowsweet

A

salicylic acid, Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)

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22
Q

used as a purgative

A

Cascara sagrada

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23
Q

SN of Cascara sagrada

A

Frangula purshiana syn: Rhamnus purshiana

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24
Q

AC of Cadscara Sagrada

A

anthraquinones

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25
used for dementia, including Alzheimer's disease
Snowdrop
26
SN of Snowdrop
Galanthus nivalis
27
AC of Snowdrop
galanthamine
28
used for dementia, cerebral deficiencies, and cerebral circulatory problems
Ginkgo
29
SN of Gingko
Ginkgo biloba
30
AC of Ginkgo
Ginkgolides
31
used for pain, especially rheumatism
Devil's claw
32
SN of Devil's claw
Harpagophytum procumbens
33
AC of Devil's claw
harpagoquinone
34
used as an anticholinergic
Henbane
35
SN of Henbane
Hyoscyamus niger
36
AC of Henbane
hyoscyamine
37
used for mild forms of depression, topical for inflammatory conditions (oil)
St. John's Wort
38
SN of St. John's Wort
Hypericum perforatum
39
AC of St. John's Wort
hyperforin, lavonoids, hypericin
40
used as an anxiolytic, mild stimulant
Kava-kava
41
SN of Kava-kava
Macropiper methysticum syn: Piper methysticum
42
AC of Kava-kava
Kava pyrones
43
used for Pain (P), cough (C), antispasmodic (S)
Opium (poppy)
44
SN of opium poppy
Papaver somniferum
45
AC of Poppy
Morphine (P), Codeine (C), and Papaverine (S)
46
used for glaucoma
Calabar bean
47
SN of Calabar bean
Physostigma venenosum
48
AC of Calabar bean
physostigmine
49
used as a parasympathomimetic, glaucoma, and Alzheimer's disease
Jaborandi
50
SN of Jaborandi
Pilocarpus jaborandi
51
AC of Jaborandi
pilocarpine
52
used for cancer chemotherapy, warts (caustic)
Mayapple
53
SN of Mayapple
Podophyllum peltatum
54
AC of Mayapple
Podophyllotoxin and other lignans, peltatins
55
used for prostate hyperplasia
African plum
56
SN of African plum
Prunus africana
57
AC of African plum
sitosterol
58
used for psoriasis
Psoralea corylifolia
59
AC of Psoralea corylifolia
psoralen
60
used for Ajmalin (A) and reserpine (B)
Snake root
61
SN of Snake root
Rauvolfia serpentina
62
AC of Snake roots
Ajmalin (A) and reserpine (B)
63
used for lower back pain and chronic inflammatory conditions
Willow
64
SN of Willow
Salix alba
65
AC of Willow
Salicin
66
used as a laxative
Senna
67
SN of Senna
Senna alexandrina syn: Cassia senna and related spp.
68
AC of Senna
sennoside anthraquinones
69
used for coronary insufficiency
Strophanthus gratus and Strophanthus spp.
70
AC of Stropanthus gratus
strophantin, ouabain
71
used as a toothache eugenol
Clove
72
SN of Clove
Syzygium aromaticum
73
AC of Clove
eugenol
74
used for cancer chemotherapy
Californian yew
75
SN of Californian yew
Taxus brevifolia
76
AC of Californian yew
paclitaxel
77
used for chronic inflammatory conditions
Horse chestnut
78
SN of Horse chestnut
Aesculus hippocastanum
79
AC of Horse chestnut
aescin
80
used for an increase of cardiac activity
Visnaga
81
SN of Visnaga
Ammi visnaga
82
AC of Visnaga
khellin, cromogycate
83
used as an anti-inflammatory
Pineapple
84
SN of Pineapple
Ananas comosus
85
AC of Pineapple
bromelain
86
used for parkinsonism and as an anti emetic
Deadly Nightshade
87
SN of Deadly Nightshade
Atropa belladonna
88
AC of Deadly Nightshade
hyoscyamine
89
used as an expectorant, emetic, and amoebiasis
Ipecacuanha
90
SN of Ipecacuanha
Carapichea ipecacuanha
91
AC of Ipecacuanha
emetine
92
used for cancer chemotherapy
Madagascar periwinkle
93
SN of Madagascar periwinkle
Catharanthus roseus
94
AC of Madagascar periwinkle
vincristine, vinblastine
95
used for muscular relaxation
Chondrodendron tomentosum
96
AC of Chondrodendron tomentosum
D-Tubocurarine
97
used for malaria
Jesuits' bark or Peruvian bark
98
SN of Jesuits bark
Cinchona pubescens
99
AC of Jesuits' bark
quinine
100
used for gout
Meadow saffron / autumn crocus
101
SN of Meadow saffron
Colchicum autumnale
102
AC of Meadow saffron
colchicine
103
used for cancer chemotherapy
Bushwillow tree
104
SN of Bushwillow tree
Combretum caffrum
105
AC of Bushwillow tree
Combretastatin A-4 (cytotoxic drug)
106
used for diabetes and antiplasmodia
Cryptolepis / Ghanaian quinine
107
SN of Cryptolepis
Cryptolepis sanguinolenta
108
AC of Cryptolepis
cryptolepine
109
used for hepatic disorders
Turmeric
110
SN of Turmeric
Curcuma xanthorrhiza
111
AC of Turmeric
curcumin, essential oils

Pharmacognosy (Lecture) (7 decks)

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